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This paper applies the distinction that Owen Barfield drew between 'the history of thought' and 'the history of thinking' (or 'the evolution of consciousness') to standard accounts of the transition from traditional to modern logic. It shows that most standard accounts of the history of logic fail to account for changes in consciousness that underlie developments in the history of ideas, and therefore stand to be deepened and enriched by Barfield's insights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper explores the potential of Byzantine diagrams in syllogistic logic. Byzantine diagrams are originated by Byzantine scholars in the early modern period to use as tools for teaching and studying Aristotelian logic. This paper presents pioneering work on employing Byzantine diagrams for checking syllogistic validity through reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]