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Abstract It has been thought that Io’s many paterae may contain lava lakes, but observations by NASA’s Galileo spacecraft at sufficiently high resolution were limited to a few locations, such as Loki Patera. Data acquired by NASA’s Juno mission in May 2023 reveal a common set of thermal characteristics for at least ten paterae on Io, with bright (hot) “thermal rings” around the perimeter of their floors. Loki, Surt, Fuchi, Amaterasu, Mulungu, Chors, and Dazhbog Patera, and four unnamed paterae, all show the same pattern of surface temperature. This new Juno/JIRAM data suggests that hot rings around paterae are a common phenomenon, and that they are indicative of active lava lakes. All the investigated paterae lack recent lava flows on their flanks, suggesting that at the time of observations, the level of the lake was not high enough to overflow the rim. These observations provide insight about the characteristics of paterae’s activity, which may involve either central upwelling of magma, or up-and-down “piston-like” vertical motion of the lake surface. Tidal forces, which are extreme at Io, could play a role as well. Future observations from Juno, particularly during the closest flybys, may indicate which mechanism is more plausible.

We investigate the variability of the power emission of Io’s hotspots by using recent Juno/JIRAM infrared observations. The Jovian Infrared Auroral Mapper (JIRAM) is an imaging spectrometer which began observing Jupiter in August 2016. Although observing Jupiter’s moons is not its primary objective, JIRAM can use the frequent opportunities to observe Io (up to once per orbit) to gather infrared images and spectra of its surface. The present study uses the data acquired by JIRAM during the last 2 years, including the location and morphology of Io’s hotspots, and the temporal variability of the total output. A new photometric model for the hotspots and the dayside surface has been developed, which permits us to disentangle the temporal variability from the changes in the observation geometry. While the latitudinal dependence of the power output is not well constrained, low-latitude hotspots show a significantly more intense temporal variability and greater temperature.

Introduction The aim of this project is to study to which extent salience alterations influence the severity of psychotic symptoms. However, rather than studying them individually, we decided to focus on their interplay with two additional variables, that is: observing their effect in a vulnerability phase (adolescence) and with another added, well-recognized risk factor (cannabis use). The reason for this study design lies in the fact that, in our opinion, it is fundamental to observe the trajectory of psychotic symptoms over a continuum; however, rather than adopting a longitudinal approach, we decided to structure it as a cross-sectional study confronting patients from two age brackets - adolescence and adulthood. Objectives The primary purpose of this study was to assess a difference between THC-abusing and non-abusing patients in adolescent and adult cohorts, using the Italian version of the psychometric scale “Aberrant Salience Inventory” (ASI), and the possible correlation with more severe psychotic symptoms. The employment of several different psychometric scales and the inclusion of a variegated cohort allowed to pursue multiple secondary objectives. Methods We recruited 192 patients, subsequently divided into six subgroups based on age and department of recruitment (whether adolescent or adult psychiatric or neurologic units - the latter serving as controls). Each individual was administered a set of questionnaires and a socio-demographic survey; the set included: Aberrant Salience Inventory (ASI), Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), Mania Rating Scale (MRS), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A), Association for Methodology and Documentation in Psychiatry (AMDP) and Cannabis Experience Questionnaire (CEQ). Results The data analysis showed statistically significant (p

We investigate the variability of the power emission of Io's hotspots by using recent Juno/JIRAM infrared observations. The Jovian Infrared Auroral Mapper (JIRAM) is an imaging spectrometer which began observing Jupiter in August 2016. Although observing Jupiter's moons is not its primary objective, JIRAM can use the frequent opportunities to observe Io (up to once per orbit) to gather infrared images and spectra of its surface. The present study uses the data acquired by JIRAM during the last 2 years, including the location and morphology of Io's hotspots, and the temporal variability of the total output. A new photometric model for the hotspots and the dayside surface has been developed, which permits us to disentangle the temporal variability from the changes in the observation geometry. While the latitudinal dependence of the power output is not well constrained, low-latitude hotspots show a significantly more intense temporal variability and greater temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Jupiter InfraRed Auroral Mapper (JIRAM) instrument onboard the Juno spacecraft performed repeated observations of Jupiter's North Equatorial Belt (NEB) around the time of 12th Juno pericenter passage on 2018 April 1. The data consist of thermal infrared images and show, among other atmospheric features, two bright Hotspots on the boundary between the NEB and the Equatorial Zone. Night-time images of the same areas at different emission angles were used to constrain the trend of the limb-darkening function. Comparison with simulated observations, computed for different emission angles, total opacities, single scattering albedo ω0, and asymmetry parameter g suggests that ω0 ∼ 0.90 ± 0.05 and g ∼ 0.37 ± 0.15 provide best match with data. Subsequently, we computed the ω0 and g resulting from different size distributions, taking into account the complex refractive indices of ammonium hydrosulfide (NH4SH) by Howett et al. [2007] and Ferraro et al. [1980]. Only the former data set is marginally consistent with JIRAM observations. Similarly, ammonia and hydrazine barely reproduce the experimental data. Tholin, although not usually considered a realistic component for Jupiter's aerosols, provides a better match for particle radii between 0.7 and 1 μm, both as a pure material as well as a thick coating over NH4SH cores. Notably, this radius range is consistent with the mean radius of aerosols as estimated by Ragent et al. [1998] on the basis of Galileo entry probe data. Comparison with literature suggests that similar results can be achieved by a large variety of contaminants bearing C–N bounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New records are provided for two species of bat from Argentina belonging to the family Vespertilionidae, Histiotus montanus and the recently described Neoeptesicus ulapesensis. These data extend the range of both species incorporating them into two new provinces. One record comes from the revision of a specimen deposited in the Colección Mamíferos Lillo for more than six decades, highlighting the importance of biological collections for studying the systematics and distribution of species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introduction: The aim of this project is to study to which extent salience alterations influence the severity of psychotic symptoms. However, rather than studying them individually, we decided to focus on their interplay with two additional variables, that is: observing their effect in a vulnerability phase (adolescence) and with another added, well-recognized risk factor (cannabis use). The reason for this study design lies in the fact that, in our opinion, it is fundamental to observe the trajectory of psychotic symptoms over a continuum; however, rather than adopting a longitudinal approach, we decided to structure it as a cross-sectional study confronting patients from two age brackets - adolescence and adulthood. Objectives: The primary purpose of this study was to assess a difference between THC-abusing and non-abusing patients in adolescent and adult cohorts, using the Italian version of the psychometric scale "Aberrant Salience Inventory" (ASI), and the possible correlation with more severe psychotic symptoms. The employment of several different psychometric scales and the inclusion of a variegated cohort allowed to pursue multiple secondary objectives. Methods: We recruited 192 patients, subsequently divided into six subgroups based on age and department of recruitment (whether adolescent or adult psychiatric or neurologic units - the latter serving as controls). Each individual was administered a set of questionnaires and a socio-demographic survey; the set included: Aberrant Salience Inventory (ASI), Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), Mania Rating Scale (MRS), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A), Association for Methodology and Documentation in Psychiatry (AMDP) and Cannabis Experience Questionnaire (CEQ). Results: The data analysis showed statistically significant (p<0.05) differences between adolescents and adults with psychotic symptoms in all of the three scales of PANSS and in MADRS. These two groups were homogenous for both cannabis use and ASI score. The intra-group comparison (either adolescent or adult) showed a hierarchical pattern in the scores of psychometric scales according to the diagnostic subgroup of allocation: patients with psychotic symptoms showed an higher level of psychopathology in all measures when compared to patients from the psychiatric unit without psychotic symptoms, which in turn scored higher than the patients from the neurologic unit. Image: Conclusions: The results of the present study may suggest that when salience alterations occur in adolescents with cannabis exposure, we might observe worsened positive and negative psychotic symptoms; their influence might be relevant also in other domains, especially regarding the depressive and anxiety spectrums. Disclosure of Interest: None Declared [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]