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Ischemic placental disease (IPD) is a constellation of obstetrical complications that include preeclampsia, placental abruption, and fetal growth restriction and affects 12% to 15% of pregnancies. The unifying pathophysiological mechanism that precedes all 3 complications is uteroplacental ischemia as a consequence of inadequate (or failure of) physiological transformation of the maternal uterine spiral arteries, endothelial cell dysfunction, and increased oxidative stress. This review summarizes the IPD literature, focusing on the epidemiology and risk factors, the effects of IPD on short and long-term maternal complications, and the association of IPD with perinatal, childhood, and long-term complications in offspring., (Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Placental abruption is a complete or partial separation of the placenta from the uterine decidua. Clinical manifestations include vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain, uterine contractions, and abnormalities in the fetal heart rate tracing. Placental abruption occurs in 0.4% to 1.0% of all pregnancies. However, the pathophysiology remains incompletely understood. We present a review of the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of placental abruption, exploring overlapping processes which contribute to premature placental separation. Classic findings and limitations of ultrasound in evaluating placental abruption are explained. Finally, we discuss the management of placental abruption based on gestational age, fetal status, and maternal hemodynamic stability., (Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)