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Many areas of Iran are endemic regarding Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) as a parasitic disease transmitted by a female sand fly vector's bite. The present study investigated the distribution of sand flies in Harand and Egieh in Isfahan province, Central Iran. Overall, 408 out of 1260 collected sand flies were identified morphologically, among which 353 and 55 were isolated from Harand and Egieh, respectively. Also, 66.4% and 33.6% of the sand flies were female and male, respectively. The most prevalent sand fly species were Phlebotomus papatasi (52%), followed by Ph. caucasicus (40.4%), Sergentomyia sintoni (4.9%), and Ph. kazeruni (0.7%). Among 180 molecularly-analyzed sand flies, 14 (7.77%) were found infected with L. major, with 9 out of 103 (8.73%) Ph. papatasi and 5 out of 75 (6.66%) Ph. caucasicus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Persistent development of quick and accessible readout tools promises to remove one of the barriers to the adoption of gel dosimetry as an applicable method in treatment clinics. Research and development in the imaging of polymer gel dosimeters continues with a focus on imaging in three dimensions. Each technique comes with its own set of advantages and challenges. In gel dosimeter research, efforts have been made to identify and develop alternative imaging methods for polymer gel dosimeters. Gel dosimeters can obtain reliable and accurate three-dimensional dose distributions from the correlation of different polymerization stages caused by radiation. The irradiated samples are examined using magnetic resonance imaging, optical computed tomography, and X-ray computed tomography. This research describes the basic features of imaging devices and the readout of irradiated dose data. Costs, availability, portability, contrast and resolution, high-resolution image reconstruction algorithm, and image reconstruction time of radiation absorption dosimeters for imaging devices are investigated in this research. This review has been done to present the mentioned imaging features and review the research done in this field for the optimal use of different imaging methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fricke gel dosimeters obtained by modifications on standard Fricke dosimeter presents some advantages like easy preparation, tissue equivalence, good reproducibility and dose mapping. In this work, dose response characteristics of Gelatin Fricke gel dosimeters was investigated and compared with Fricke agarose gel dosimeters in terms of sesitivity. After prepration of three different formulation of Gelatin Fricke gel dosimeters and gamma irradiation of the samples, a spectrophotometer was applied to measure the optical absorbance of the samples. Results indicate a linear dose range response of 10 to 30 Gy, as well as increased gelatin concentrations cause the sensitivity of the dosimeter to detereorate with a 80% reduction of dose response for a change in gelatin concentration from 3 to 8 weight percent. Obtained coefficient variation verifies the good repeatability of the gel response. The gel dosimeter has no dose rate dependence. Comparison of the most sensitive Gelatin Fricke gel sample with the prepared Fricke agarose gel samples confirm that Fricke agarose dosimeter is more sensitive than Gelatin Fricke gel dosimeter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to evaluate the optical response dependence of the PAKAG polymer gel dosimeter on photon energy and dose rate. The produced gel dosimeters were irradiated using a Varian CL 21EX medical linear accelerator with delivered doses of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 Gy. To examine the response dependence on the delivered dose rate, dose rates of 50, 100, 200, and 350 cGy min -1 were investigated. Additionally, two incident beam qualities of 6 and 18 MV were examined to study the response dependence on the incident beam energy. The irradiated polymer gel dosimeters were readout using a UV-vis spectrophotometer in the 300 to 800 nm scan range. The results reveal that a wide variation in dose rate (50-350 cGy.min -1 ) influences the absorbance-dose response and the sensitivity of PAKAG gel. However, smaller variations did not show a significant effect on the response. Furthermore, the response changed insignificantly with beam quality for investigated energies. It was concluded that the optical reading response of the PAKAG polymer gel dosimeter is satisfactorily independent of external parameters, including dose rate and incident beam quality., (© 2024 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.)