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Resumen: La Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR) ha celebrado en Valencia su 57° Congreso entre los días 6 y 8 de junio de 2024. El Congreso SEPAR es la reunión de referencia y punto de encuentro de toda la comunidad científica respiratoria, que permite conocer los principales avances científicos en esta área y propicia el entorno idóneo para crear lazos y afianzar vínculos. Este año, bajo el lema «Salud Respiratoria para todos», el Congreso SEPAR incidió en la importancia de concienciar a la población general sobre la importancia de cuidar y proteger nuestro sistema respiratorio. En esta revisión, ofrecemos un resumen de algunos de los aspectos más destacables tratados en seis áreas de interés seleccionadas: enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC), asma, enfermedades pulmonares intersticiales difusas (EPID), circulación pulmonar, sueño - ventilación y fisioterapia respiratoria. Abstract: The Spanish Society of Pneumology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR) has held its 57th Congress in Valencia from 6 to 8 of June 2024. The SEPAR Congress is the leading meeting for the entire respiratory scientific community, which allows learning about the main scientific advances in this area and provides the ideal situation to create and strengthen ties. This year, under the title “Respiratory Health for everybody”, the SEPAR Congress stressed the importance of raising awareness about the importance of caring for and protecting our respiratory system. In this review, we offer a summary of some notable issues addressed in six selected areas of interest: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), pulmonary vascular diseases, sleep and breathing disorders and respiratory physiotherapy.

Resumen: La tromboembolia de pulmón (TEP), la forma más grave de presentación de la enfermedad tromboembólica venosa (ETV), constituye actualmente un problema sanitario de primer orden, por su elevado impacto en términos de morbimortalidad, costes y consumo de recursos. La mortalidad temprana asociada a la TEP se debe fundamentalmente a inestabilización hemodinámica, agravamiento de enfermedades previas o complicaciones asociadas al tratamiento de la TEP. Más allá de la mortalidad, existen complicaciones relevantes relacionadas con la TEP, como los sangrados asociados a la anticoagulación, las recurrencias ETV y la persistencia de síntomas respiratorios residuales; esta última complicación relacionada con la TEP está caracterizada principalmente por dos entidades, la hipertensión pulmonar tromboembólica crónica y la enfermedad tromboembólica crónica pulmonar. Los relevantes avances científicos realizados en los últimos años han permitido mejorar el manejo tanto diagnóstico como terapéutico de la enfermedad, tal y como se expone en el presente documento mediante una serie de preguntas relevantes sobre la TEP que son respondidas con la mejor evidencia científica actualmente disponible. Abstract: Pulmonary embolism (PE), the most severe form of presentation of venous thromboembolic disease (VTE), currently represents a foremost healthcare issue due to its high impact in terms of morbidity, mortality, costs, and resource consumption. Early mortality associated with PE is primarily due to hemodynamic instability, exacerbation of pre-existing conditions, or major complications of antithrombotic therapies. Beyond the risk of death, there are relevant complications related to PE, such as bleedings, VTE recurrences, and persistence of residual respiratory symptoms; the latter complication related to PE is mainly characterized by two entities, chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension and chronic thromboembolic disease. Significant scientific advances made in recent years have allowed for the improvement of both diagnostic and therapeutic management of the disease, as outlined in this document through a series of relevant issues about PE that are answered with the most up-to-date scientific evidence.

IntroductionDigital health interventions, particularly mobile health platforms, have shown promise in supporting patients with respiratory conditions, but their application in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) remains limited. We aimed to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and potential clinical benefit of the novel PAHcare™ digital platform as a patient-centred intervention for PAH management through a prospective, single-arm, multicenter pilot study conducted on 53 patients diagnosed with PAH who used the platform for 6 months.MethodsThe primary objective was to assess the impact on Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) through questionnaires. Secondary objectives included evaluating clinical outcomes, including disease progression, PAH signs and symptoms, the 6-min walking test, and the patient’s symptom perception. Additionally, we assessed patient satisfaction and engagement with the PAHcare™ platform, interaction with health coaches, retention, costs and healthcare resource utilisation (HCRU), and safety through monitoring device incidents.ResultsMinimal changes in HRQoL and clinical outcomes were observed over 6 months. A noteworthy 92.4% of patients actively used the platform in the first month, maintaining high usage throughout the study. Patient satisfaction was substantial, with more than half of the patients expressing excellence in service quality, willingness to reuse the platform, and fulfilment of their needs. Health coach interaction was high, with 76% of patients initiating contact within the first week. User retention rates were 70%, with prevalent ongoing usage and interaction with healthcare professionals even after the study. In terms of HCRU and costs, the study showed no significant changes in PAH-related hospital admissions, clinical visits, or tests. Finally, the low number of device-related incidents indicated platform safety.ConclusionThis pilot study provides compelling evidence supporting the feasibility and acceptability of the PAHcare™ digital platform to empower patients to manage their disease and significantly enhance their overall experience with PAH.

Abstract A simplified 4‐strata risk stratification approach based on three variables is widespread in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) at follow‐up. This study aimed to assess the impact of replacing the 6‐min walk test (6MWT) with the peak 02 uptake evaluated by the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) on risk stratification by this scale. We included 180 prevalent patients with PAH from two reference hospitals in Spain, followed up between 2006 and 2022. Patients were included if all the variables of interest were available within a 3‐month period on the Spanish Registry of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (REHAP): functional class (FC); NT‐proBNP; 6MWT; and CPET. The original 4‐strata model (NT‐proBNP, 6MWT, FC) identified most patients at low or intermediate‐low risk (36.7% and 51.1%, respectively). Notably, the modified scale (NT‐proBNP, CPET, FC) improved the identification of patients at intermediate‐high risk up to 18.9%, and at high risk up to 1.1% in comparison with the previous 12.2% and 0.0% in the original scale. This new model increased the number of patients correctly classified into higher‐risk strata (positive NRI of 0.06), as well as classified more patients without events in lower‐risk strata (negative NRI of 0.04). The proposed score showed a slightly superior prognostic capacity compared with the original model (Harrel's C‐index 0.717 vs. 0.709). Using O2 uptake instead of distance walked in the 6MWT improves the identification of high‐risk patients using the 4‐strata scale. This change could have relevant prognostic implications and lead to changes in the specific treatment of PAH.

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Adolescence is traditionally understood as a developmental stage that challenges family dynamics and coexistence. At present, such challenges may be heightened due to current social and technological challenges. Effective assessment of parental competences for addressing such challenges is desirable to support, were needed, the introduction of further intervention measures, such as parenting programs. The aim of the present study was to validate the Emotional and Social Parenting Competence Scale for Parents of Adolescents (ECOPES-A), given the importance of having up-to-date instruments available to address this issue. A random sample of 1,422 Spanish parents of teenagers participated in the present study. Exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were performed following a cross-validation process. Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA) was applied to test the model's factorial invariance as a function of the sex of parents. Twelve items explaining 46.26% of the variance were selected. Items were distributed according to four factors, namely, F1-Self-Regulation, F2- Assertiveness and self-esteem in the parenting role, F3--Power assertion for conflict resolution, and F4--Promotion of child's selfesteem through assertive communication. Adequate reliability was determined for all factors and for the overall scale. The model presented good fit, regardless of the sex of the parent respondent, and MGCFA revealed strict factorial invariance suggesting that the tool is appropriate for both fathers and mothers. The scale may be useful for identifying parental support needs and for evaluating evidence-based parenting programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Este artículo destaca el potencial de las familias y sus asociaciones de madres y padres (AMPA) para promover la cultura democrática y participativa en los centros escolares. Se aborda el recorrido de la participación de las familias, en general, y de estas asociaciones, en particular, al amparo de las leyes educativas españolas y otros desarrollos normativos hasta la legitimación actual de su presencia en los centros. Asimismo, con el apoyo de diversas investigaciones, se analizan las barreras que obstaculizan el funcionamiento eficaz de las AMPA y les impiden avanzar más en la participación colectiva de las familias. Por último, se señalan los principales retos a los que se enfrentan los centros para reforzar la participación colectiva de las familias —especialmente en los procesos de toma de decisiones. Se pone de relieve el papel de los equipos directivos para mantener una cultura de funcionamiento democrática y participativa.