6 results on '"Autismus-Spektrum-Störung"'
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2. Wie sieht die Welt durch deine Augen aus?: Zur Überwindung autistischer Isolation.
- Author
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Haker, Helene
- Abstract
I have been asked to write an article on «Autism Spectrum Disorder in Adults» in this special issue on «Loneliness». Autism and loneliness seem to go hand in hand. The desire for relationship is not primarily reduced in people with autism, but finding a connection is difficult. I will formulate a description of the phenomenon of autism. Not a description of the surface, as it can be found in the diagnostic classification or in every clinical textbook, but a description from the perspective of the newer, mechanistic neuroscientific explanations. How do the idiosyncratic mental worlds of affected individuals develop, which are so difficult to reconcile with the mental worlds of others? Above all, however, you should be able to read an article here about ways to escape loneliness; about the ability to enter into relationships with people. It is written from the perspective of people with an autism spectrum disorder who have travelled the long and stony way out of their own world into the strange world of other people. People who live in loneliness can learn something from people with autism who have found relationships despite their innate difficulty in socialising with others. The path they take this is a special one, as is the quality of the resulting connections, which are often of particular depth and beauty. It is possible for all of us if we are open to finding what connects us in the differences of each other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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3. Appbasierte Förderung des Spracherwerbs bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Autismus-Spektrum-Störung zur Steigerung der Partizipation
- Author
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Weichselbaumer, Tamara and Weichselbaumer, Tamara
- Abstract
Die Förderung der Kommunikations- und Sprachfähigkeiten von Kindern und Jugendlichen aus dem Autismus-Spektrum wird auf Grund steigender Prävalenzschätzungen ein zunehmend relevantes Thema. Gleichzeitig entwickeln sich digitale Hilfsmittel zu einem ständigen Begleiter der heranwachsenden Generation und scheinen auch für Menschen aus dem Spektrum ein oftmals genutztes Tool darzustellen. Um jenes Potenzial zu nutzen, liegt die Verwendung von Apps zur Sprachförderung nahe. Der Forschungsstand, welcher sich aktuell noch aus wenigen Studien zusammensetzt, bestätigt eine positive Wirksamkeit einiger digitaler Optionen verglichen mit analogen Hilfsmitteln, knüpft diese Einschätzung jedoch an bestimmte Bedingungen in der Nutzung und weist auf zahlreiche Problematiken in der Anwendung hin. Daran anknüpfend wird in der vorliegenden Arbeit der Frage nachgegangen, wie bestehende Apps optimiert beziehungsweise neue Apps entwickelt werden sollten, um als fundiertes und benutzerfreundliches Tool zu funktionieren. Dazu werden in einer qualitativen Interviewstudie sowohl Eltern von Betroffenen als auch Expert*innen aus dem Bereich der Autismus-SpektrumStörung beziehungsweise der Unterstützten Kommunikation befragt. In der Erhebung werden konkrete Verbesserungsvorschläge innerhalb der App herausgearbeitet und ausschlaggebende Erfolgskriterien außerhalb der Anwendung identifiziert. Insgesamt zeigen die Interviews, wie vielfältig die Betroffenen sind und wie vielfältig damit auch das Angebot an Apps sein muss., Improving the communication and language skills of children and young people on the autism spectrum is becoming an increasingly relevant topic. At the same time, digital tools are turning into a constant companion for the growing generation and also appear to be a tool that people on the spectrum use often. In order to utilise this potential, the use of apps for language support is an obvious choice. The current state of research, which still consists of only a few studies, confirms the positive effectiveness of some digital devices compared to analogue options, but links this evaluation to certain conditions of use and highlights numerous problems in its application. Based on these findings, this paper examines the question of how existing apps should be optimised or new apps should be developed in order to operate as a wellfounded and user-friendly tool. For this purpose, a qualitative interview survey is conducted with parents of those affected as well as experts in the field of autism spectrum disorder and Augmentative and Alternative Communication. The interviews identify specific suggestions for improvement within the app and key success criteria outside of the application. Overall, the survey shows how diverse the affected persons are and how diverse the range of apps must consequently be., Tamara Weichselbaumer, in englischer Sprache, Masterarbeit Universität Innsbruck 2024
- Published
- 2024
4. Zirkus Empathico 2.0, A serious game to foster emotional and collaborative skills in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
- Author
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Pinkwart, Niels, Lucke, Ulrike, Shafi, Muhammad, Hassan, Ahmed, Pinkwart, Niels, Lucke, Ulrike, Shafi, Muhammad, and Hassan, Ahmed
- Abstract
Autismus-Spektrum-Störung (ASD) ist eine neurologische Entwicklungsstörung, die durch eine Reihe von Entwicklungsstörungen gekennzeichnet ist, die zu einem Mangel an sozialen, kommunikativen und kooperativen Fähigkeiten führen. Sozio-kommunikative Beeinträchtigungen können durch von Verhaltenstherapeuten konzipierte und durchgeführte Trainingsprogramme für soziale Kompetenzen verbessert werden. Computergestützte Therapien zur Lösung sozio-kommunikativer Schwierigkeiten bei Kindern, Jugendlichen und Erwachsenen mit ASD haben ermutigende Ergebnisse gezeigt. Das Serious-Game-Format ist eine Form der Intervention. Seriöse Spiele sind pädagogisch wertvoll, aber oft attraktiver als offensichtliche pädagogische Hilfsmittel. Zirkus Empathico 2.0 ist ein Serious Game für mehrere Spieler mit verschiedenen Levels und Bühnen in einer Zirkusumgebung. Die Auswertung erfolgte über einen Zeitraum von acht Wochen. Sechzig Kinder mit ASD im Alter von fünf bis elf Jahren wurden vor und nach der Behandlung untersucht. Zu den primären Ergebnissen gehörten die Empathiebewertung durch die Eltern und objektiv gemessene Fähigkeiten zur Emotionserkennung. Die Bewertung der Effektivität und Verwendbarkeit des Spiels für das Training sozialer Kompetenzen zeigte, dass es eine plausible Lernumgebung schuf, indem es das Bewusstsein der Studienteilnehmer für Fähigkeiten und neurotypisches Verhalten steigerte und ihre vorhergesagte Angst in zukünftigen sozialen Situationen verringerte. Nach der Behandlung wurden signifikante Behandlungseffekte festgestellt. Sowohl bei Kurz- als auch bei Langzeitbeurteilungen. Zirkus Empathico 2.0 ist erfolgreich bei der langfristigen Verbesserung der sozio-emotionalen Fähigkeiten in realen Situationen. Zukünftige Forschung sollte sich auf die spezifischen Prozesse konzentrieren, die den Übertragungs- und Aufrechterhaltungsvorteilen von Empathie und Emotionserkennung zugrunde liegen., Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a spectrum of developmental abnormalities that result in a lack of social, communicative, and collaborative abilities. Socio-communicative impairments can be improved through behavioral therapist-designed and delivered social-skills training programs. Computer-based therapies to resolve socio-communicative difficulties in children, adolescents, and adults with ASD have demonstrated encouraging outcomes. The serious game format is one type of intervention. Serious games are educational but often appeal more than overt pedagogical tools. Zirkus Empathico 2.0 is a multi-player serious game set with various levels and stages in a circus environment. It was evaluated over eight weeks. Sixty children with ASD aged five to eleven years were evaluated before treatment and post-treatment. Primary outcomes included empathy rating by parents and objectively measured emotion recognition abilities. Secondary outcomes were assessed as emotional awareness, emotion management, well-being, and personal therapy goals. The assessment of the game's effectiveness and usability for social-skills training indicated that it established a plausible learning environment by boosting trial participants' awareness of abilities and neurotypical behavior and decreasing their predicted fear in future social situations. Following treatment, significant treatment effects were detected. In both short- and long-term assessments, moderate impacts were observed on emotional awareness, emotion management, and autistic social symptomatology. Parents reported that therapy goals were met, and that treatment was transferred well. Zirkus Empathico 2.0 is successful at improving long-term socio-emotional abilities in real-world situations. Future research should focus on the specific processes behind empathy and emotion recognition's transmission and maintenance benefits.
- Published
- 2024
5. [Gut Microbiota and Autism Spectrum Disorders: An Overview of Correlations and Potential Implications for Therapeutic Interventions].
- Author
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Neubauer J, Kaiser A, and Hohmann S
- Subjects
- Humans, Child, Dysbiosis, Correlation of Data, Autism Spectrum Disorder therapy, Autism Spectrum Disorder microbiology, Autism Spectrum Disorder diagnosis, Autism Spectrum Disorder psychology, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Probiotics therapeutic use, Brain-Gut Axis, Fecal Microbiota Transplantation, Prebiotics
- Abstract
Gut Microbiota and Autism Spectrum Disorders: An Overview of Correlations and Potential Implications for Therapeutic Interventions Abstract: At the beginning of research on microbiota, researchers focused mainly on the role of microbiota dysbiosis in the development of gastrointestinal diseases. However, over the last years, researchers have also identified correlations with other physical processes and neuropsychiatric diseases such as autism spectrum disorder. These correlations are believed to be at least partly mediated through the brain-gut-microbiome axis. An altered composition of microbiota in patients with autism spectrum disorder was detected compared to healthy controls. Today, the discussion centers around a possible systemic impact of the metabolites of some microbiota or microbiota-induced chronic inflammatory processes on the brain (mediated through the brain-gut-microbiome axis) as an underlying mechanism. Still, the specific underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown, so conclusions on therapeutic implications are difficult to determine. Here, we describe some promising approaches to improving autistic behavior through dietary changes, the use of prebiotics and probiotics, stool transplantation from healthy controls, and restricted absorbance of certain metabolites. We need further clinical studies of high quality to fully understand the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorder and to improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. [Genetic Diagnostics in Everyday Clinical Practice in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: Indications, Framework Conditions, Hurdles, and Proposed Solutions].
- Author
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Degenhardt F, Wohlleber E, Jamra RA, and Hebebrand J
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Child, Humans, Adolescent Psychiatry, Family, Germany, Child Psychiatry, Psychiatry
- Abstract
Genetic Diagnostics in Everyday Clinical Practice in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: Indications, Framework Conditions, Hurdles, and Proposed Solutions Abstract: Health insurance covers medically necessary genetic testing in Germany. Diagnostic genetic testing has become increasingly important for child and adolescent psychiatry (CAP), reflected by the rising number of national guidelines relevant to CAP, including genetic testing in the recommended diagnostic work-up. However, implementation of theses guidelines in routine clinical care is lacking. This article provides a concise overview of the relevance of genetic testing in CAP-related national guidelines. It outlines the legal and financial framework for genetic testing in Germany. Furthermore, it points out barriers to implementation and offers potential solutions. It then provides examples from clinical practice highlighting the potential benefits patients and their family members might have from receiving a genetic diagnosis. The article closes by outlining future CAP-relevant areas in which genetic testing may become clinically relevant.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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