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Purpose Methods Results Conclusions This study aims to assess the current status and spatial distribution differences of elderly care service resources supply and demand in China.Semi‐structured qualitative interviews were utilized to gather participants’ insights into the current demands for elderly care services, the status of resource allocation, and related indicators. The entropy weight method was employed to determine indicator weights, yielding objective demand and allocation indices for elderly care service resources. Kernel density estimation was used to illustrate the distribution characteristics of the demand and allocation indices. The coupling coordination degree model was applied to measure the coupling coordination level of China's elderly care service resource supply and demand system in 2020.The demand index ranks highest in Beijing (0.3291), Shanghai (0.2941), and Tianjin (0.2563), while the lowest are found in Tibet (0.1673), Guangxi (0.1727), and Guizhou (0.1737). Kernel density estimation shows that the demand index is concentrated in the range of 0.1800 to 0.2000. The top three regions for allocation index are Shanghai (184.0007), Qinghai (129.8177), and Beijing (109.5941), with the lowest in Liaoning (34.8558), Hainan (35.3168), and Yunnan (36.6366). Kernel density estimation indicates that the allocation index is concentrated in the range of 25–75. Calculations of coupling coordination degree show that Shanghai has high coordination quality (0.9368), Beijing has good coordination (0.8392), while Hainan and Yunnan experience severe imbalances (0.1990, 0.1831).There is a significant lack of coordination between the demand for elderly care services and the allocation of resources in Hainan and Yunnan provinces in China. Most provinces, with the exception of Beijing and Shanghai, exhibit some degree of misalignment. The Chinese government should address the varying needs of the elderly population in different regions, pay timely attention to regional disparities, enhance regional cooperation, and dynamically allocate elderly care resources in a rational manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the fractional order calculus theory and Weibull distribution, the fractional order nonlinear creep constitutive equation of green mudstone in the weak interlayer of slope under the combined action of initial damage and creep damage is established. In order to investigate the effect of damage degree on creep mechanical parameters and creep parameters, as well as the superiority of the improved creep model, creep tests were conducted on green mudstone samples with different initial damage degrees. The fractional order nonlinear creep damage coupling model outperforms the other two theoretical models in accurately describing the three stages of creep. The stress and damage variables in the constitutive equation will change the initial strain value of the creep curve. The fractional derivative and damage factor affect the shape of the creep curve, that is, change the time when the rock enters the third stage of creep. Therefore, to accurately predict the entire creep process of green mudstone, it is necessary to add fractional derivatives and damage factors to the creep model. This study is of great significance for analyzing the initial failure of slope creep under long-term gravity action and also provides a basis for predicting slope stability under coupled failure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using the integral field spectroscopic data from Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory survey, we study the kinematics and stellar population properties of the two counter-rotating stellar discs in a nearby galaxy SDSS J074834.64+444117.8. We disentangle the two stellar discs by three methods, including Ca  ii  λ8542 double Gaussian fit, penalized pixel fitting (pPXF) spectral decomposition, and orbit-based dynamical model. These three different methods give consistent stellar kinematics. The pPXF spectral decomposition provides the spectra of two stellar discs, with one being more luminous across the whole galaxy named primary disc, and the other named secondary disc. The primary disc is counter-rotating with ionized gas, while the secondary disc is co-rotating with ionized gas. The secondary disc has younger stellar population and poorer stellar metallicity than the primary disc. We estimate the stellar mass ratio between the primary and secondary discs to be ∼5.2. The DESI g, r, z colour image does not show any merger remnant feature in this galaxy. These findings support a scenario that the counter-rotating stellar discs in SDSS J074834.64+444117.8 formed through gas accretion from the cosmic web or a gas-rich companion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is believed that gravity can be considered as a quantum coherent mediator. In this study, we propose a plan to test the existence of extra dimensions using the quantum gravity induced entanglement of masses (QGEM) experiment. This experiment involves two freely falling test masses passing through a Stern–Gerlach-like device. We investigate the entanglement witness between these masses within the framework of the Randall–Sundrum II model (RS-II). Our findings indicate that the system reaches entanglement more rapidly in the presence of extra dimensions, particularly when the radius of the extra dimension is large. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By taking advantage of the braneworld sum rules, we explore the feasibility of constructing a flat 3-brane scenario consisting solely of positive tension branes in a 5D extension of the Lorentz-violating massive gravity. It is found that the theory supports three distinct brane configurations, one of which is exactly what we expected, consisting solely of two positive tension branes. The cosmological problem of Randall-Sundrum-1 model and the gauge hierarchy problem can be solved in this model simultaneously. Furthermore, the analysis of linear perturbations reveals that the tensor, vector and scalar modes are all massive and share the same mass spectrum, except that the ground state of vector mode is absent. Moreover, the tensor and vector modes are robust, but the scalar mode is ghost-like. Interestingly, even though the Kaluza-Klein gravitons have an extremely small mass splitting scale, an estimation of the effective gravitational potential and production of these gravitons on the brane indicates that the phenomenology of the present model is equivalent to that of the 6D ADD model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drug repositioning is a rapidly growing strategy in drug discovery, as the time and cost needed are considerably less compared to developing new drugs. In addition to traditional wet experiments, designing effective computational methods to discover potential drug–disease associations is an attractive shortcut in drug repositioning. Most current methods based on graph neural networks ignore the heterophily of the constructed drug–disease network, resulting in inefficient predictions. In this paper, a novel structure-enhanced line graph convolutional network (SLGCN) is proposed to learn comprehensive representations of drug–disease pairs, incorporating structural information to conduct heterophily. First, line graphs centered around drug–disease pairs are extracted. This process turns the association prediction task into a node classification problem, which better displays the learning ability of SLGCN. Then, in message aggregation, a relation matrix is proposed to mark the structural importance of neighboring nodes. In this way, messages from nodes with lower structural importance can be assigned small weights. Unlike vanilla GCN, which adds self-loops to average ego representations and aggregated messages, an update gate is proposed to integrate biology information contained in ego representations with topology information contained in aggregated messages. Extensive experiments show that SLGCN achieves better performance than other advanced methods among the two datasets. • A novel structure-enhanced line graph convolutional network (SLGCN) is proposed. • A relation matrix is designed to identify more important neighboring messages. • An update gate is proposed to combine ego representations and aggregated messages. • Case studies show the capacity of SLGCN in finding new drug–disease associations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We identify a fading AGN SDSS J220141.64+115124.3 from the internal Product Launch-11 (MPL-11) in Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey. The central region with a projected radius of |$\sim$| 2.4 kpc is characterized as LINER-like line ratios while the outskirts extended to |$\sim$| 15 kpc show Seyfert-like line ratios. The |${\rm{[O {\small III}]}}$| |$\lambda$| 5007 luminosity of the Seyfert regions is a factor of 37 (2) higher than the LINER regions without (with) dust attenuation correction, suggesting that the AGN activity decreases at least |$\sim$| 8 |$\times$| 10 |$^3$| yr (⁠|$\sim$| 2.4 kpc/light-speed) ago. We model the emission line spectra in the central region with double Gaussian components (a narrow core and a broad wing) and analyse the properties of each component. The narrow core component mostly co-rotates with the stellar disc, whereas the broad wing component with a median of the velocity dispersion |$\sim$| 300 km s |$^{-1}$| is related to a wind outflow. The kinematic position angle (PA) of the ionized gas shows an |$\sim 20^{\circ }$| twist from the galaxy centre to 1.5 effective radius. The median of the PA difference between the gas and stellar components is as large as |$\sim 50^{\circ }$| within 0.4 effective radius. The tidal feature in DESI image and star–gas misalignment suggest this galaxy is a merger remnant. Combining all these observational results as well as public available X-ray and MIR luminosities, we confirm this is a fading AGN, the merger process kick-started the central engine to quasar phase which ionized gas composed of tidal debris, and now the activity of the central black hole decreases. The discontinuity in |${\rm{[O {\small III}]}}$| |$\lambda$| 5007 flux and EQW maps is due to multiple AGN outbursts triggered by merger remnant gas inflows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aggregate shape is essential for evaluating concrete properties. Most of the existing literature utilizes X-ray computed tomography (X-CT) to assess the morphological characteristics of 2D/3D aggregates. However, the obtainment of a large number of aggregates by X-CT is a tedious, time-consuming and costly task. In this study, a framework combined concrete modeling and the numerical slicing method was developed, which simulated the process for obtaining 3D models of concrete and the corresponding 2D cross-sectional concrete models in the laboratory using X-CT. This was simpler, more efficient, and less costly than the X-CT method. Based on this framework, 3D concrete models with four different aggregate shape types and corresponding 2D cross-sectional concrete models were generated. The influences of 3D aggregate shape types on the roundness, aspect ratio, packing density, and grading curves of 2D cross-sectional aggregates were statistically analyzed and the correlation between the morphological descriptors of 2D/3D aggregates was investigated. The differences between 2D meso-concrete models generated based on the numerical slicing and the random placement methods were compared. The results showed that the 3D aggregate shape type had significant effects on the meso-structure of 2D sectional concrete. Unlike the projection image method, the morphological descriptors of 2D cross-sectional aggregates obtained based on the slicing method were poorly correlated with the morphological characteristics of 3D aggregates. This study laid the foundation for the study of the qualitative and quantitative relationships between the shape index and mechanical properties of aggregates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aimed to investigate the clinical features, prognosis, and treatment of advanced-stage non-nasal type extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL). This real-world study retrospectively reviewed 56 newly diagnosed advanced-stage non-nasal type ENKTCL patients from two large-scale Chinese cancer centers in the last 10–15 years and screened 139 newly diagnosed advanced-stage nasal type ENKTCLs admitted during the same period for comparison. The non-nasal type ENKTCLs exhibited significantly higher Ki-67 expression levels compared to nasal type disease (P = 0.011). With a median follow-up duration of 75.03 months, the non-nasal group showed slightly inferior survival outcomes without statistically significant differences compared to the nasal group (median overall survival (OS): 14.57 vs. 21.53 months, 5-year OS: 28.0% vs. 38.5%, P = 0.120). Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score ≥ 2 (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.18, P = 0.039) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) elevation (HR = 2.44, P = 0.012) were significantly correlated with worse OS in the non-nasal group. First-line gemcitabine-based chemotherapy regimens showed a trend toward slightly improved efficacy and survival outcomes compared to non-gemcitabine-based ones in the present cohort of non-nasal ENKTCLs (objective response rate: 91.7% vs. 63.6%, P = 0.144; complete response rate: 50.0% vs. 33.3%, P = 0.502; median progression-free survival: 10.43 vs. 3.40 months, P = 0.106; median OS: 25.13 vs. 9.30 months, P = 0.125), which requires further validation in larger sample size studies. Advanced-stage non-nasal type patients could achieve comparable prognosis with nasal cases after rational therapy. The modified nomogram-revised index (including age, ECOG score, and LDH) and modified international prognostic index (including age, ECOG score, LDH, and number of extranodal involvement) functioned effectively for prognostic stratification in non-nasal type ENKTCLs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • APS 3 monolayers have metallic electronic structure and a relatively low rate-limiting step. • APS 3 monolayers have low decomposition barriers of Li 2 S/Na 2 S. • Strain can reduces the rate-limiting step. Metal-sulfur batteries (M–S batteries, M = Li, Na), because of their high energy density and low cost, are expected to become the next-generation energy storage systems. However, their commercial applications are impeded by the poor conductivity of polysulfides, the "shuttle effect" of soluble M 2 S n (n = 4, 6, 8), and the slow reaction kinetics. In this work, we perform first-principles calculations to find that the two-dimensional APS 3 (A = Cr, Co) monolayers are effective sulfur host materials for high-performance M–S batteries. The metallic electronic structures of APS 3 can accelerate electron transfer in reaction processes. The shuttle effect is inhibited by moderate binding strength between APS 3 and M 2 S n. Remarkably, APS 3 , as a bifunctional electrocatalyst, can greatly reduce the rate-limiting step of sulfur reduction reaction (SRR) and the decomposition barriers of Li 2 S/Na 2 S. We further explored the effect of strain engineering on the catalytic activity of APS 3 for SRR and found that the battery performance can be regulated by varying the applied strains ranging from −2 % to 5 %. These findings provide a new direction for the design of highly efficient catalysts for M–S batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on three-dimensional lightning locations and S-band polarimetric Doppler radar data, a hailstorm that occurred on Hainan Island on June 4, 2021 was analyzed in detail. The analysis revealed that the flash activity of hailstorms is mainly intracloud (IC) flashes, the cloud-to-ground (CG) flashes frequency were less, positive CG flashes (+CG) were domination in the CG activity before hailfall. The flash frequency appeared "lightning jumps" when hailstorms merging with convective cells, ice hydrometeors also rapidly increased in the clouds of the mixed-phase area in this period, which was beneficial for efficient electrification. The Zdr column and evolution of echo top indicated presence of an intense updraft during the mature stage of the hailstorm. Zdr column depth about 4 km close to 20 °C during the mature stage. Near the time of the hailfall, Zdr column was contraction, due to sinking hail generated downdraft within the cloud. Zdr column after hailfall may be produced by the convergence of downdraft and sea breeze. In combination with the spatiotemporal distribution of the hydrometeors in hailstorms, flash activity was most closely related to graupel and it plays a important role for flashes electrification. The hail plays a minimum role in charge separation. Radiation sources were concentrated between 50 dBZ and 55 dBZ. The spatial distribution of radiation sources indicated possible complex charge structure within hail storm clouds. • This article firstly used data of 3D lightning location on Hainan Island to analyze hailstorm process. • This article analyzes the dynamical characteristics within the cloud through Zdr columns. Zdr column after hailfall may be produced by the convergence of downdraft and sea breeze. • This article used algorithm of fuzzy logical classification to infer hydrometeors within cloud. And analyzing relationship between total flashes and hydrometeors of hailstorm during life-cycle of hailstorm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing input of terrestrial pollutants is one of the major threats to coastal marine ecosystems. However, the impacts of pollutants discharged off the Changjiang Estuary (CJE) on the coastal waters of Zhejiang Province have not been quantitatively investigated. In this study, we focus on the transport processes of conservative pollutants discharged off the CJE using Eulerian tracers and Lagrangian particles coupled with a reliable 3D hydrodynamic model. The results show significant seasonal variations in pollutant transport and dispersion, which are highly associated with river discharge variation, the East Asian monsoon, and shelf circulations. Approximately 79% and 94% of the released pollutants are transported into the Zhejiang coastal waters in autumn and winter, respectively, which are mainly controlled by the Zhe-Min Coastal Current. We further reveal that, winter pollution covers ∼68% larger area in the Zhejiang coastal region, with ∼40% higher peak concentration value and ∼9 day longer duration compared to autumn pollution. Our study suggests that the water quality in the Zhejiang coastal region is potentially more vulnerable to pollutants discharged off the CJE in autumn and winter than in the other seasons, due to the influence of the coastal currents. • Transport and accumulation of pollutants were described using tracers and particles. • Pollution was indicated by model-based maximum polluted zone and pollution duration. • Zhejiang coastal waters are susceptible to released pollutants in autumn and winter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]