1. Patient-Reported Outcomes of Bicruciate Multiligament Versus Single Cruciate Multiligament Knee Injuries.
- Author
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Trøan I, Bere T, Holm I, LaPrade RF, Engebretsen L, and Moatshe G
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Middle Aged, Young Adult, Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries surgery, Ligaments, Articular injuries, Ligaments, Articular surgery, Patient Reported Outcome Measures, Knee Injuries surgery
- Abstract
Background: Multiligament knee injuries (MLKIs) are heterogeneous, and bicruciate knee ligament injuries are considered a serious form of this injury. The current literature tends not to distinguish between single and bicruciate MLKI when reporting outcomes., Purpose: To investigate patient-reported outcomes after surgical treatment of MLKI comparing single cruciate MLKI with bicruciate MLKI. The secondary aim was to investigate the influence of different factors on patient-reported outcomes after surgery., Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3., Methods: This study was designed as a cross-sectional cohort study. Patients who underwent surgical treatment for MLKI at a single level 1 trauma center between January 2013 and December 2020 were included in this study. Patient-reported outcomes included the Tegner score, Lysholm score, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective knee form, Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Survey (KOOS), and a visual analog scale for pain., Results: Of the 191 patients meeting the inclusion criteria, 124 (65%) agreed to participate and had a complete data set with a follow-up time at a mean 74 ± 27 months. Patients with single cruciate MLKI (type I) had significantly higher scores for IKDC ( P = .007), Lysholm ( P = .012), KOOS Pain ( P = .04), KOOS Activities of Daily Living ( P = .01), KOOS Sport and Recreation ( P = .005), KOOS Quality of Life ( P = .04), KOOS
4 (which considers the subscales of Pain, Symptoms, Sport and Recreation, and Quality of Life) ( P = .01), Tegner ( P = .04), and visual analog scale for pain during activity ( P = .004) when compared with patients with bicruciate MLKI (type II-type IV). Furthermore, age was significantly associated with a lower IKDC ( P = .001), and an increased severity of injury was significantly associated with IKDC ( P = .015), KOOS4 ( P = .022), and Lysholm ( P = .029) scores., Conclusion: MLKIs involving a single cruciate ligament had significantly higher patient-reported postoperative outcome measures compared with bicruciate MLKIs. Age and type of injury were important predictors for outcomes. Patients presenting with dislocated knees had lower patient-reported outcomes; however, there was no significant difference in outcomes between bicruciate MLKIs and patients presenting with dislocated knees., Competing Interests: One or more of the authors has declared the following potential conflict of interest or source of funding: L.E. has received support for education from Arthrex; grants from Smith & Nephew, Thon Foundation, International Olympic Committee, and Norwegian Department of Culture. R.F.L. has received consulting fees from Ossur and Smith & Nephew; royalties from Arthrex, Ossur, and Smith & Nephew; and grants from Ossur and Smith & Nephew. G.M. has received consulting fees from Smith & Nephew. AOSSM checks author disclosures against the Open Payments Database (OPD). AOSSM has not conducted an independent investigation on the OPD and disclaims any liability or responsibility relating thereto.- Published
- 2025
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