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23 results on '"Biswas, S"'

1. Multi-criteria Decision-Making for Laser Metal-Polymer Welding: A MACONT Approach

Author

Sen, A., Banerjee, N., Samanta, A., Roy, N., Pramanik, D., Biswas, S., Biswas, R., Chaari, Fakher, Series Editor, Gherardini, Francesco, Series Editor, Ivanov, Vitalii, Series Editor, Haddar, Mohamed, Series Editor, Cavas-Martínez, Francisco, Editorial Board Member, di Mare, Francesca, Editorial Board Member, Kwon, Young W., Editorial Board Member, Tolio, Tullio A. M., Editorial Board Member, Trojanowska, Justyna, Editorial Board Member, Schmitt, Robert, Editorial Board Member, Xu, Jinyang, Editorial Board Member, Sahoo, Prasanta, editor, and Barman, Tapan Kumar, editor

Published
2025
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3. A spectrophotometric analysis and dust properties of classical nova V5584 Sgr.

Author

Bisht, Mohit Singh, Raj, A, Walter, F M, Bisht, D, Shaw, Gargi, Belwal, K, and Biswas, S

Subjects
SPECTRAL energy distribution, CHEMICAL properties, PHOTOIONIZATION, DUST, LUMINOSITY, NOVAE (Astronomy)
Abstract

In this work, optical observations of the nova V5584 Sgr are presented. These observations cover different phases including pre-maximum, early decline, and nebular. The spectra are dominated by hydrogen Balmer, Fe ii , and O i lines with P-Cygni profiles in the early phase, which are subsequently observed in complete emission. The presence of numerous Fe ii lines and low ejecta velocity aligns with the Fe ii type nova classification. From optical and NIR colours, it is clear that this nova manifests dust formation in the ejecta. The dust temperature and mass were estimated from a spectral energy distribution (SED) fit to the JHK band magnitudes and the Wide field Infrared Survey Explorer data. Light-curve analysis shows t |$_2$| and t |$_3$| values of |$\sim$| 26 and |$\sim$| 48 d, classifying the nova as moderately fast. The physical and chemical properties during early decline and later phases were evaluated using the photoionization code CLOUDY. The best-fitting model parameters from two epochs of multiwavelength spectra are compatible with a hot white dwarf source with a roughly constant luminosity of |$\sim$| (2.08 |$\pm$| 0.10) |$\times$| 10 |$^{36}$| erg s |$^{-1}$| . We find an ejected mass of |$\sim$| (1.59 |$\pm$| 0.04) |$\times$| 10 |$^{-4}$| M |$_{\odot }$|⁠. Abundance analysis indicates that the ejecta is significantly enriched relative to solar values, with O/H = 30.2, C/H = 10.8, He/H = 1.8, Mg/H = 1.68, Na/H = 1.55, and N/H = 45.5 in the early decline phase, and O/H = 4.5, Ne/H = 1.5, and N/H = 24.5 in the nebular phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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4. Integration of RCCI and CDF Combustion in Conventional Diesel Engine Using CNG-diesel Fuels: An Experimental Study.

Author

Chhatbar, J., Rajpara, P., Biswas, S., and Banerjee, R.

Subjects
DIESEL motor combustion, DUAL-fuel engines, THERMAL efficiency, WASTE gases, COMBUSTION, DIESEL motors
Abstract

An experimental investigation is carried out on conventional compression ignition engines' combustion, performance, and emission characteristics using Conventional Dual Fuel (CDF) combustion and reactivity-controlled compression ignition (RCCI) combustion strategies. The experiments are performed on a variable-speed production-grade diesel engine converted to a research engine. Comparative combustion analysis shows that RCCI combustion is more stable and shows a consistent ignition delay across all engine speeds. The exhaust gas temperature of RCCI combustion is lower than that of CDF combustion and is in the range of Conventional Diesel Combustion (CDC). CDC shows better brake thermal efficiency (BTE) than CDF and RCCI combustion across all engine speeds, followed by RCCI combustion. The lowest BTE is observed in CDF combustion. Emission results show that RCCI combustion produced significantly lower NOx emissions than CDC at low engine speed without much HC and CO emissions increment. RCCI combustion does not effectively reduce NOx emissions and produces higher HC and CO emissions at high engine speeds. A BTE-NOx trade-off analysis is also carried out, demonstrating the suitability of RCCI combustion at low engine speed. CDC under high engine speed conditions and in the transition region of medium engine speed CDF combustion is more favorable to reduce NOx emission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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5. Measurement of [formula omitted] production in Pb–Pb collisions at [formula omitted] TeV

Author

Acharya, S., Adamová, D., Agarwal, A., Aglieri Rinella, G., Aglietta, L., Agnello, M., Agrawal, N., Ahammed, Z., Ahmad, S., Ahn, S.U., Ahuja, I., Akindinov, A., Akishina, V., Al-Turany, M., Aleksandrov, D., Alessandro, B., Alfanda, H.M., Alfaro Molina, R., Ali, B., Alici, A., Alizadehvandchali, N., Alkin, A., Alme, J., Alocco, G., Alt, T., Altamura, A.R., Altsybeev, I., Alvarado, J.R., Alvarez, C.O.R., Anaam, M.N., Andrei, C., Andreou, N., Andronic, A., Andronov, E., Anguelov, V., Antinori, F., Antonioli, P., Apadula, N., Aphecetche, L., Appelshäuser, H., Arata, C., Arcelli, S., Aresti, M., Arnaldi, R., Arneiro, J.G.M.C.A., Arsene, I.C., Arslandok, M., Augustinus, A., Averbeck, R., Averyanov, D., Azmi, M.D., Baba, H., Badalà, A., Bae, J., Baek, Y.W., Bai, X., Bailhache, R., Bailung, Y., Bala, R., Balbino, A., Baldisseri, A., Balis, B., Banerjee, D., Banoo, Z., Barbasova, V., Barile, F., Barioglio, L., Barlou, M., Barman, B., Barnaföldi, G.G., Barnby, L.S., Barreau, E., Barret, V., Barreto, L., Bartels, C., Barth, K., Bartsch, E., Bastid, N., Basu, S., Batigne, G., Battistini, D., Batyunya, B., Bauri, D., Bazo Alba, J.L., Bearden, I.G., Beattie, C., Becht, P., Behera, D., Belikov, I., Bell Hechavarria, A.D.C., Bellini, F., Bellwied, R., Belokurova, S., Beltran, L.G.E., Beltran, Y.A.V., Bencedi, G., Bensaoula, A., Beole, S., Berdnikov, Y., Berdnikova, A., Bergmann, L., Besoiu, M.G., Betev, L., Bhaduri, P.P., Bhasin, A., Bhattacharjee, B., Bianchi, L., Bianchi, N., Bielčík, J., Bielčíková, J., Bigot, A.P., Bilandzic, A., Biro, G., Biswas, S., Bize, N., Blair, J.T., Blau, D., Blidaru, M.B., Bluhme, N., Blume, C., Boca, G., Bock, F., Bodova, T., Bok, J., Boldizsár, L., Bombara, M., Bond, P.M., Bonomi, G., Borel, H., Borissov, A., Borquez Carcamo, A.G., Bossi, H., Botta, E., Bouziani, Y.E.M., Bratrud, L., Braun-Munzinger, P., Bregant, M., Broz, M., Bruno, G.E., Buchakchiev, V.D., Buckland, M.D., Budnikov, D., Buesching, H., Bufalino, S., Buhler, P., Burmasov, N., Buthelezi, Z., Bylinkin, A., Bysiak, S.A., Cabanillas Noris, J.C., Cabrera, M.F.T., Cai, M., Caines, H., Caliva, A., Calvo Villar, E., Camacho, J.M.M., Camerini, P., Canedo, F.D.M., Cantway, S.L., Carabas, M., Carballo, A.A., Carnesecchi, F., Caron, R., Carvalho, L.A.D., Castillo Castellanos, J., Castoldi, M., Catalano, F., Cattaruzzi, S., Ceballos Sanchez, C., Cerri, R., Chakaberia, I., Chakraborty, P., Chandra, S., Chapeland, S., Chartier, M., Chattopadhay, S., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, M., Cheng, T., Cheshkov, C., Chibante Barroso, V., Chinellato, D.D., Chizzali, E.S., Cho, J., Cho, S., Chochula, P., Chochulska, Z.A., Choudhury, D., Christakoglou, P., Christensen, C.H., Christiansen, P., Chujo, T., Ciacco, M., Cicalo, C., Ciupek, M.R., Clai, G., Colamaria, F., Colburn, J.S., Colella, D., Colocci, M., Concas, M., Conesa Balbastre, G., Conesa del Valle, Z., Contin, G., Contreras, J.G., Coquet, M.L., Cortese, P., Cosentino, M.R., Costa, F., Costanza, S., Cot, C., Crkovská, J., Crochet, P., Cruz-Torres, R., Cui, P., Czarnynoga, M.M., Dainese, A., Dange, G., Danisch, M.C., Danu, A., Das, P., Das, S., Dash, A.R., Dash, S., De Caro, A., de Cataldo, G., de Cuveland, J., De Falco, A., De Gruttola, D., De Marco, N., De Martin, C., De Pasquale, S., Deb, R., Del Grande, R., Dello Stritto, L., Deng, W., Devereaux, K.C., Dhankher, P., Di Bari, D., Di Mauro, A., Diab, B., Diaz, R.A., Dietel, T., Ding, Y., Ditzel, J., Divià, R., Djuvsland, Ø., Dmitrieva, U., Dobrin, A., Dönigus, B., Dubinski, J.M., Dubla, A., Dupieux, P., Dzalaiova, N., Eder, T.M., Ehlers, R.J., Eisenhut, F., Ejima, R., Elia, D., Erazmus, B., Ercolessi, F., Espagnon, B., Eulisse, G., Evans, D., Evdokimov, S., Fabbietti, L., Faggin, M., Faivre, J., Fan, F., Fan, W., Fantoni, A., Fasel, M., Feliciello, A., Feofilov, G., Fernández Téllez, A., Ferrandi, L., Ferrer, M.B., Ferrero, A., Ferrero, C., Ferretti, A., Feuillard, V.J.G., Filova, V., Finogeev, D., Fionda, F.M., Flatland, E., Flor, F., Flores, A.N., Foertsch, S., Fokin, I., Fokin, S., Follo, U., Fragiacomo, E., Frajna, E., Fuchs, U., Funicello, N., Furget, C., Furs, A., Fusayasu, T., Gaardhøje, J.J., Gagliardi, M., Gago, A.M., Gahlaut, T., Galvan, C.D., Gangadharan, D.R., Ganoti, P., Garabatos, C., Garcia, J.M., García Chávez, T., Garcia-Solis, E., Gargiulo, C., Gasik, P., Gaur, H.M., Gautam, A., Gay Ducati, M.B., Germain, M., Gernhaeuser, R.A., Ghosh, C., Giacalone, M., Gioachin, G., Giri, S.K., Giubellino, P., Giubilato, P., Glaenzer, A.M.C., Glässel, P., Glimos, E., Goh, D.J.Q., Gonzalez, V., Gordeev, P., Gorgon, M., Goswami, K., Gotovac, S., Grabski, V., Graczykowski, L.K., Grecka, E., Grelli, A., Grigoras, C., Grigoriev, V., Grigoryan, S., Grosa, F., Grosse-Oetringhaus, J.F., Grosso, R., Grund, D., Grunwald, N.A., Guardiano, G.G., Guernane, R., Guilbaud, M., Gulbrandsen, K., Gumprecht, J.J.W.K., Gündem, T., Gunji, T., Guo, W., Gupta, A., Gupta, R., Gwizdziel, K., Gyulai, L., Hadjidakis, C., Haider, F.U., Haidlova, S., Haldar, M., Hamagaki, H., Hamdi, A., Han, Y., Hanley, B.G., Hannigan, R., Hansen, J., Haque, M.R., Harris, J.W., Harton, A., Hartung, M.V., Hassan, H., Hatzifotiadou, D., Hauer, P., Havener, L.B., Hellbär, E., Helstrup, H., Hemmer, M., Herman, T., Hernandez, S.G., Herrera Corral, G., Herrmann, S., Hetland, K.F., Heybeck, B., Hillemanns, H., Hippolyte, B., Hoffmann, F.W., Hofman, B., Hong, G.H., Horst, M., Horzyk, A., Hou, Y., Hristov, P., Huhn, P., Huhta, L.M., Humanic, T.J., Hutson, A., Hutter, D., Hwang, M.C., Ilkaev, R., Inaba, M., Innocenti, G.M., Ippolitov, M., Isakov, A., Isidori, T., Islam, M.S., Iurchenko, S., Ivanov, M., Ivanov, V., Iversen, K.E., Jablonski, M., Jacak, B., Jacazio, N., Jacobs, P.M., Jadlovska, S., Jadlovsky, J., Jaelani, S., Jahnke, C., Jakubowska, M.J., Janik, M.A., Janson, T., Ji, S., Jia, S., Jimenez, A.A.P., Jonas, F., Jones, D.M., Jowett, J.M., Jung, J., Jung, M., Junique, A., Jusko, A., Kaewjai, J., Kalinak, P., Kalweit, A., Karasu Uysal, A., Karatovic, D., Karatzenis, N., Karavichev, O., Karavicheva, T., Karpechev, E., Karwowska, M.J., Kebschull, U., Keidel, R., Keil, M., Ketzer, B., Khade, S.S., Khan, A.M., Khan, S., Khanzadeev, A., Kharlov, Y., Khatun, A., Khuntia, A., Khuranova, Z., Kileng, B., Kim, B., Kim, C., Kim, D.J., Kim, E.J., Kim, J., Kim, M., Kim, S., Kim, T., Kimura, K., Kirkova, A., Kirsch, S., Kisel, I., Kiselev, S., Kisiel, A., Kitowski, J.P., Klay, J.L., Klein, J., Klein, S., Klein-Bösing, C., Kleiner, M., Klemenz, T., Kluge, A., Kobdaj, C., Kohara, R., Kollegger, T., Kondratyev, A., Kondratyeva, N., Konig, J., Konigstorfer, S.A., Konopka, P.J., Kornakov, G., Korwieser, M., Koryciak, S.D., Koster, C., Kotliarov, A., Kovacic, N., Kovalenko, V., Kowalski, M., Kozhuharov, V., Králik, I., Kravčáková, A., Krcal, L., Krivda, M., Krizek, F., Krizkova Gajdosova, K., Krug, C., Krüger, M., Krupova, D.M., Kryshen, E., Kučera, V., Kuhn, C., Kuijer, P.G., Kumaoka, T., Kumar, D., Kumar, L., Kumar, N., Kumar, S., Kundu, S., Kurashvili, P., Kurepin, A., Kurepin, A.B., Kuryakin, A., Kushpil, S., Kuskov, V., Kutyla, M., Kuznetsov, A., Kweon, M.J., Kwon, Y., La Pointe, S.L., La Rocca, P., Lakrathok, A., Lamanna, M., Landou, A.R., Langoy, R., Larionov, P., Laudi, E., Lautner, L., Laveaga, R.A.N., Lavicka, R., Lea, R., Lee, H., Legrand, I., Legras, G., Lehrbach, J., Lejeune, A.M., Lelek, T.M., Lemmon, R.C., León Monzón, I., Lesch, M.M., Lesser, E.D., Lévai, P., Li, M., Li, X., Liang-gilman, B.E., Lien, J., Lietava, R., Likmeta, I., Lim, B., Lim, S.H., Lindenstruth, V., Lindner, A., Lippmann, C., Liu, D.H., Liu, J., Liveraro, G.S.S., Lofnes, I.M., Loizides, C., Lokos, S., Lömker, J., Lopez, X., López Torres, E., Lotteau, C., Lu, P., Lugo, F.V., Luhder, J.R., Lunardon, M., Luparello, G., Ma, Y.G., Mager, M., Maire, A., Majerz, E.M., Makariev, M.V., Malaev, M., Malfattore, G., Malik, N.M., Malik, Q.W., Malik, S.K., Malinina, L., Mallick, D., Mallick, N., Mandaglio, G., Mandal, S.K., Manea, A., Manko, V., Manso, F., Manzari, V., Mao, Y., Marcjan, R.W., Margagliotti, G.V., Margotti, A., Marín, A., Markert, C., Martinengo, P., Martínez, M.I., Martínez García, G., Martins, M.P.P., Masciocchi, S., Masera, M., Masoni, A., Massacrier, L., Massen, O., Mastroserio, A., Matonoha, O., Mattiazzo, S., Matyja, A., Mazuecos, A.L., Mazzaschi, F., Mazzilli, M., Mdhluli, J.E., Melikyan, Y., Melo, M., Menchaca-Rocha, A., Mendez, J.E.M., Meninno, E., Menon, A.S., Menzel, M.W., Meres, M., Miake, Y., Micheletti, L., Mihaylov, D.L., Mikhaylov, K., Minafra, N., Miśkowiec, D., Modak, A., Mohanty, B., Mohisin Khan, M., Molander, M.A., Monira, S., Mordasini, C., Moreira De Godoy, D.A., Morozov, I., Morsch, A., Mrnjavac, T., Muccifora, V., Muhuri, S., Mulligan, J.D., Mulliri, A., Munhoz, M.G., Munzer, R.H., Murakami, H., Murray, S., Musa, L., Musinsky, J., Myrcha, J.W., Naik, B., Nambrath, A.I., Nandi, B.K., Nania, R., Nappi, E., Nassirpour, A.F., Nath, A., Nath, S., Nattrass, C., Naydenov, M.N., Neagu, A., Negru, A., Nekrasova, E., Nellen, L., Nepeivoda, R., Nese, S., Neskovic, G., Nicassio, N., Nielsen, B.S., Nielsen, E.G., Nikolaev, S., Nikulin, S., Nikulin, V., Noferini, F., Noh, S., Nomokonov, P., Norman, J., Novitzky, N., Nowakowski, P., Nyanin, A., Nystrand, J., Oh, S., Ohlson, A., Okorokov, V.A., Oleniacz, J., Onnerstad, A., Oppedisano, C., Ortiz Velasquez, A., Otwinowski, J., Oya, M., Oyama, K., Pachmayer, Y., Padhan, S., Pagano, D., Paić, G., Paisano-Guzmán, S., Palasciano, A., Panebianco, S., Pantouvakis, C., Park, H., Park, J., Parkkila, J.E., Patley, Y., Patra, R.N., Paul, B., Pei, H., Peitzmann, T., Peng, X., Pennisi, M., Perciballi, S., Peresunko, D., Perez, G.M., Pestov, Y., Petersen, M.T., Petrov, V., Petrovici, M., Piano, S., Pikna, M., Pillot, P., Pinazza, O., Pinsky, L., Pinto, C., Pisano, S., Płoskoń, M., Planinic, M., Pliquett, F., Plociennik, D.K., Poghosyan, M.G., Polichtchouk, B., Politano, S., Poljak, N., Pop, A., Porteboeuf-Houssais, S., Pozdniakov, V., Pozos, I.Y., Pradhan, K.K., Prasad, S.K., Prasad, S., Preghenella, R., Prino, F., Pruneau, C.A., Pshenichnov, I., Puccio, M., Pucillo, S., Qiu, S., Quaglia, L., Ragoni, S., Rai, A., Rakotozafindrabe, A., Ramello, L., Rami, F., Rasa, M., Räsänen, S.S., Rath, R., Rauch, M.P., Ravasenga, I., Read, K.F., Reckziegel, C., Redelbach, A.R., Redlich, K., Reetz, C.A., Regules-Medel, H.D., Rehman, A., Reidt, F., Reme-Ness, H.A., Rescakova, Z., Reygers, K., Riabov, A., Riabov, V., Ricci, R., Richter, M., Riedel, A.A., Riegler, W., Riffero, A.G., Rignanese, M., Ripoli, C., Ristea, C., Rodriguez, M.V., Rodríguez Cahuantzi, M., Rodríguez Ramírez, S.A., Røed, K., Rogalev, R., Rogochaya, E., Rogoschinski, T.S., Rohr, D., Röhrich, D., Rojas Torres, S., Rokita, P.S., Romanenko, G., Ronchetti, F., Rosas, E.D., Roslon, K., Rossi, A., Roy, A., Roy, S., Rubini, N., Rudolph, J.A., Ruggiano, D., Rui, R., Russek, P.G., Russo, R., Rustamov, A., Ryabinkin, E., Ryabov, Y., Rybicki, A., Ryu, J., Rzesa, W., Sabiu, B., Sadovsky, S., Saetre, J., Šafařík, K., Saha, S.K., Saha, S., Sahoo, B., Sahoo, R., Sahoo, S., Sahu, D., Sahu, P.K., Saini, J., Sajdakova, K., Sakai, S., Salvan, M.P., Sambyal, S., Samitz, D., Sanna, I., Saramela, T.B., Sarkar, D., Sarma, P., Sarritzu, V., Sarti, V.M., Sas, M.H.P., Sawan, S., Scapparone, E., Schambach, J., Scheid, H.S., Schiaua, C., Schicker, R., Schlepper, F., Schmah, A., Schmidt, C., Schmidt, H.R., Schmidt, M.O., Schmidt, M., Schmidt, N.V., Schmier, A.R., Schotter, R., Schröter, A., Schukraft, J., Schweda, K., Scioli, G., Scomparin, E., Seger, J.E., Sekiguchi, Y., Sekihata, D., Selina, M., Selyuzhenkov, I., Senyukov, S., Seo, J.J., Serebryakov, D., Serkin, L., Šerkšnytė, L., Sevcenco, A., Shaba, T.J., Shabetai, A., Shahoyan, R., Shangaraev, A., Sharma, B., Sharma, D., Sharma, H., Sharma, M., Sharma, S., Sharma, U., Shatat, A., Sheibani, O., Shigaki, K., Shimomura, M., Shin, J., Shirinkin, S., Shou, Q., Sibiriak, Y., Siddhanta, S., Siemiarczuk, T., Silva, T.F., Silvermyr, D., Simantathammakul, T., Simeonov, R., Singh, B., Singh, K., Singh, R., Singh, S., Singh, V.K., Singhal, V., Sinha, T., Sitar, B., Sitta, M., Skaali, T.B., Skorodumovs, G., Smirnov, N., Snellings, R.J.M., Solheim, E.H., Song, J., Sonnabend, C., Sonneveld, J.M., Soramel, F., Soto-hernandez, A.B., Spijkers, R., Sputowska, I., Staa, J., Stachel, J., Stan, I., Steffanic, P.J., Stiefelmaier, S.F., Stocco, D., Storehaug, I., Strangmann, N.J., Stratmann, P., Strazzi, S., Sturniolo, A., Stylianidis, C.P., Suaide, A.A.P., Suire, C., Sukhanov, M., Suljic, M., Sultanov, R., Sumberia, V., Sumowidagdo, S., Szarka, I., Szymkowski, M., Taghavi, S.F., Taillepied, G., Takahashi, J., Tambave, G.J., Tang, S., Tang, Z., Tapia Takaki, J.D., Tapus, N., Tarasovicova, L.A., Tarzila, M.G., Tassielli, G.F., Tauro, A., Tavira García, A., Tejeda Muñoz, G., Telesca, A., Terlizzi, L., Terrevoli, C., Thakur, S., Thomas, D., Tikhonov, A., Tiltmann, N., Timmins, A.R., Tkacik, M., Tkacik, T., Toia, A., Tokumoto, R., Tomassini, S., Tomohiro, K., Topilskaya, N., Toppi, M., Torres, V.V., Torres Ramos, A.G., Trifiró, A., Triloki, T., Triolo, A.S., Tripathy, S., Tripathy, T., Trubnikov, V., Trzaska, W.H., Trzcinski, T.P., Tsolanta, C., Tu, R., Tumkin, A., Turrisi, R., Tveter, T.S., Ullaland, K., Ulukutlu, B., Uras, A., Urioni, M., Usai, G.L., Vala, M., Valle, N., van Doremalen, L.V.R., van Leeuwen, M., van Veen, C.A., van Weelden, R.J.G., Vande Vyvre, P., Varga, D., Varga, Z., Vargas Torres, P., Vasileiou, M., Vasiliev, A., Vázquez Doce, O., Vazquez Rueda, O., Vechernin, V., Vercellin, E., Vergara Limón, S., Verma, R., Vermunt, L., Vértesi, R., Verweij, M., Vickovic, L., Vilakazi, Z., Villalobos Baillie, O., Villani, A., Vinogradov, A., Virgili, T., Virta, M.M.O., Vodopyanov, A., Volkel, B., Völkl, M.A., Voloshin, S.A., Volpe, G., von Haller, B., Vorobyev, I., Vozniuk, N., Vrláková, J., Wan, J., Wang, C., Wang, D., Wang, Y., Wegrzynek, A., Weiglhofer, F.T., Wenzel, S.C., Wessels, J.P., Wiechula, J., Wikne, J., Wilk, G., Wilkinson, J., Willems, G.A., Windelband, B., Winn, M., Wright, J.R., Wu, W., Wu, Y., Xiong, Z., Xu, R., Yadav, A., Yadav, A.K., Yamaguchi, Y., Yang, S., Yano, S., Yeats, E.R., Yin, Z., Yoo, I.-K., Yoon, J.H., Yu, H., Yuan, S., Yuncu, A., Zaccolo, V., Zampolli, C., Zanone, F., Zardoshti, N., Zarochentsev, A., Závada, P., Zaviyalov, N., Zhalov, M., Zhang, B., Zhang, C., Zhang, L., Zhang, M., Zhang, S., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z., Zhao, M., Zherebchevskii, V., Zhi, Y., Zhou, D., Zhou, Y., Zhu, J., Zhu, S., Zhu, Y., Zugravel, S.C., and Zurlo, N.

Published
2025
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6. Rapidity dependence of antideuteron coalescence in pp collisions at [formula omitted] TeV with ALICE

Author

Acharya, S., Adamová, D., Agarwal, A., Aglieri Rinella, G., Aglietta, L., Agnello, M., Agrawal, N., Ahammed, Z., Ahmad, S., Ahn, S.U., Ahuja, I., Akindinov, A., Akishina, V., Al-Turany, M., Aleksandrov, D., Alessandro, B., Alfanda, H.M., Alfaro Molina, R., Ali, B., Alici, A., Alizadehvandchali, N., Alkin, A., Alme, J., Alocco, G., Alt, T., Altamura, A.R., Altsybeev, I., Alvarado, J.R., Alvarez, C.O.R., Anaam, M.N., Andrei, C., Andreou, N., Andronic, A., Andronov, E., Anguelov, V., Antinori, F., Antonioli, P., Apadula, N., Aphecetche, L., Appelshäuser, H., Arata, C., Arcelli, S., Arnaldi, R., Arneiro, J.G.M.C.A., Arsene, I.C., Arslandok, M., Augustinus, A., Averbeck, R., Averyanov, D., Azmi, M.D., Baba, H., Badalà, A., Bae, J., Baek, Y.W., Bai, X., Bailhache, R., Bailung, Y., Bala, R., Balbino, A., Baldisseri, A., Balis, B., Banerjee, D., Banoo, Z., Barbasova, V., Barile, F., Barioglio, L., Barlou, M., Barman, B., Barnaföldi, G.G., Barnby, L.S., Barreau, E., Barret, V., Barreto, L., Bartels, C., Barth, K., Bartsch, E., Bastid, N., Basu, S., Batigne, G., Battistini, D., Batyunya, B., Bauri, D., Bazo Alba, J.L., Bearden, I.G., Beattie, C., Becht, P., Behera, D., Belikov, I., Bell Hechavarria, A.D.C., Bellini, F., Bellwied, R., Belokurova, S., Beltran, L.G.E., Beltran, Y.A.V., Bencedi, G., Bensaoula, A., Beole, S., Berdnikov, Y., Berdnikova, A., Bergmann, L., Besoiu, M.G., Betev, L., Bhaduri, P.P., Bhasin, A., Bhattacharjee, B., Bianchi, L., Bielčík, J., Bielčíková, J., Bigot, A.P., Bilandzic, A., Biro, G., Biswas, S., Bize, N., Blair, J.T., Blau, D., Blidaru, M.B., Bluhme, N., Blume, C., Boca, G., Bock, F., Bodova, T., Bok, J., Boldizsár, L., Bombara, M., Bond, P.M., Bonomi, G., Borel, H., Borissov, A., Borquez Carcamo, A.G., Botta, E., Bouziani, Y.E.M., Bratrud, L., Braun-Munzinger, P., Bregant, M., Broz, M., Bruno, G.E., Buchakchiev, V.D., Buckland, M.D., Budnikov, D., Buesching, H., Bufalino, S., Buhler, P., Burmasov, N., Buthelezi, Z., Bylinkin, A., Bysiak, S.A., Cabanillas Noris, J.C., Cabrera, M.F.T., Cai, M., Caines, H., Caliva, A., Calvo Villar, E., Camacho, J.M.M., Camerini, P., Canedo, F.D.M., Cantway, S.L., Carabas, M., Carballo, A.A., Carnesecchi, F., Caron, R., Carvalho, L.A.D., Castillo Castellanos, J., Castoldi, M., Catalano, F., Cattaruzzi, S., Ceballos Sanchez, C., Cerri, R., Chakaberia, I., Chakraborty, P., Chandra, S., Chapeland, S., Chartier, M., Chattopadhay, S., Chattopadhyay, S., Chen, M., Cheng, T., Cheshkov, C., Chibante Barroso, V., Chinellato, D.D., Chizzali, E.S., Cho, J., Cho, S., Chochula, P., Chochulska, Z.A., Choudhury, D., Christakoglou, P., Christensen, C.H., Christiansen, P., Chujo, T., Ciacco, M., Cicalo, C., Ciupek, M.R., Clai, G., Colamaria, F., Colburn, J.S., Colella, D., Colelli, A., Colocci, M., Concas, M., Conesa Balbastre, G., Conesa del Valle, Z., Contin, G., Contreras, J.G., Coquet, M.L., Cortese, P., Cosentino, M.R., Costa, F., Costanza, S., Cot, C., Crochet, P., Cruz-Torres, R., Czarnynoga, M.M., Dainese, A., Dange, G., Danisch, M.C., Danu, A., Das, P., Das, S., Dash, A.R., Dash, S., De Caro, A., de Cataldo, G., de Cuveland, J., De Falco, A., De Gruttola, D., De Marco, N., De Martin, C., De Pasquale, S., Deb, R., Del Grande, R., Dello Stritto, L., Deng, W., Devereaux, K.C., Dhankher, P., Di Bari, D., Di Mauro, A., Diab, B., Diaz, R.A., Dietel, T., Ding, Y., Ditzel, J., Divià, R., Djuvsland, Ø., Dmitrieva, U., Dobrin, A., Dönigus, B., Dubinski, J.M., Dubla, A., Dupieux, P., Dzalaiova, N., Eder, T.M., Ehlers, R.J., Eisenhut, F., Ejima, R., Elia, D., Erazmus, B., Ercolessi, F., Espagnon, B., Eulisse, G., Evans, D., Evdokimov, S., Fabbietti, L., Faggin, M., Faivre, J., Fan, F., Fan, W., Fantoni, A., Fasel, M., Feliciello, A., Feofilov, G., Fernández Téllez, A., Ferrandi, L., Ferrer, M.B., Ferrero, A., Ferrero, C., Ferretti, A., Feuillard, V.J.G., Filova, V., Finogeev, D., Fionda, F.M., Flatland, E., Flor, F., Flores, A.N., Foertsch, S., Fokin, I., Fokin, S., Follo, U., Fragiacomo, E., Frajna, E., Fuchs, U., Funicello, N., Furget, C., Furs, A., Fusayasu, T., Gaardhøje, J.J., Gagliardi, M., Gago, A.M., Gahlaut, T., Galvan, C.D., Gangadharan, D.R., Ganoti, P., Garabatos, C., Garcia, J.M., García Chávez, T., Garcia-Solis, E., Gargiulo, C., Gasik, P., Gaur, H.M., Gautam, A., Gay Ducati, M.B., Germain, M., Gernhaeuser, R.A., Ghosh, C., Giacalone, M., Gioachin, G., Giri, S.K., Giubellino, P., Giubilato, P., Glaenzer, A.M.C., Glässel, P., Glimos, E., Goh, D.J.Q., Gonzalez, V., Gordeev, P., Gorgon, M., Goswami, K., Gotovac, S., Grabski, V., Graczykowski, L.K., Grecka, E., Grelli, A., Grigoras, C., Grigoriev, V., Grigoryan, S., Grosa, F., Grosse-Oetringhaus, J.F., Grosso, R., Grund, D., Grunwald, N.A., Guardiano, G.G., Guernane, R., Guilbaud, M., Gulbrandsen, K., Gumprecht, J.J.W.K., Gündem, T., Gunji, T., Guo, W., Gupta, A., Gupta, R., Gwizdziel, K., Gyulai, L., Hadjidakis, C., Haider, F.U., Haidlova, S., Haldar, M., Hamagaki, H., Han, Y., Hanley, B.G., Hansen, J., Haque, M.R., Harris, J.W., Harton, A., Hartung, M.V., Hassan, H., Hatzifotiadou, D., Hauer, P., Havener, L.B., Hellbär, E., Helstrup, H., Hemmer, M., Herman, T., Hernandez, S.G., Herrera Corral, G., Herrmann, S., Hetland, K.F., Heybeck, B., Hillemanns, H., Hippolyte, B., Hobus, I.P.M., Hoffmann, F.W., Hofman, B., Hong, G.H., Horst, M., Horzyk, A., Hou, Y., Hristov, P., Huhn, P., Huhta, L.M., Humanic, T.J., Hutson, A., Hutter, D., Hwang, M.C., Ilkaev, R., Inaba, M., Innocenti, G.M., Ippolitov, M., Isakov, A., Isidori, T., Islam, M.S., Iurchenko, S., Ivanov, M., Ivanov, V., Iversen, K.E., Jablonski, M., Jacak, B., Jacazio, N., Jacobs, P.M., Jadlovska, S., Jadlovsky, J., Jaelani, S., Jahnke, C., Jakubowska, M.J., Janik, M.A., Janson, T., Ji, S., Jia, S., Jiang, T., Jimenez, A.A.P., Jonas, F., Jones, D.M., Jowett, J.M., Jung, J., Jung, M., Junique, A., Jusko, A., Kaewjai, J., Kalinak, P., Kalweit, A., Karasu Uysal, A., Karatovic, D., Karatzenis, N., Karavichev, O., Karavicheva, T., Karpechev, E., Karwowska, M.J., Kebschull, U., Keidel, R., Keil, M., Ketzer, B., Keul, J., Khade, S.S., Khan, A.M., Khan, S., Khanzadeev, A., Kharlov, Y., Khatun, A., Khuntia, A., Khuranova, Z., Kileng, B., Kim, B., Kim, C., Kim, D.J., Kim, E.J., Kim, J., Kim, M., Kim, S., Kim, T., Kimura, K., Kirkova, A., Kirsch, S., Kisel, I., Kiselev, S., Kisiel, A., Kitowski, J.P., Klay, J.L., Klein, J., Klein, S., Klein-Bösing, C., Kleiner, M., Klemenz, T., Kluge, A., Kobdaj, C., Kohara, R., Kollegger, T., Kondratyev, A., Kondratyeva, N., Konig, J., Konigstorfer, S.A., Konopka, P.J., Kornakov, G., Korwieser, M., Koryciak, S.D., Koster, C., Kotliarov, A., Kovacic, N., Kovalenko, V., Kowalski, M., Kozhuharov, V., Kozlov, G., Králik, I., Kravčáková, A., Krcal, L., Krivda, M., Krizek, F., Krizkova Gajdosova, K., Krug, C., Krüger, M., Krupova, D.M., Kryshen, E., Kučera, V., Kuhn, C., Kuijer, P.G., Kumaoka, T., Kumar, D., Kumar, L., Kumar, N., Kumar, S., Kundu, S., Kurashvili, P., Kurepin, A., Kurepin, A.B., Kuryakin, A., Kushpil, S., Kuskov, V., Kutyla, M., Kuznetsov, A., Kweon, M.J., Kwon, Y., La Pointe, S.L., La Rocca, P., Lakrathok, A., Lamanna, M., Landou, A.R., Langoy, R., Larionov, P., Laudi, E., Lautner, L., Laveaga, R.A.N., Lavicka, R., Lea, R., Lee, H., Legrand, I., Legras, G., Lehrbach, J., Lejeune, A.M., Lelek, T.M., Lemmon, R.C., León Monzón, I., Lesch, M.M., Lesser, E.D., Lévai, P., Li, M., Li, P., Li, X., Liang-gilman, B.E., Lien, J., Lietava, R., Likmeta, I., Lim, B., Lim, S.H., Lindenstruth, V., Lindner, A., Lippmann, C., Liu, D.H., Liu, J., Liveraro, G.S.S., Lofnes, I.M., Loizides, C., Lokos, S., Lömker, J., Lopez, X., López Torres, E., Lotteau, C., Lu, P., Lu, Z., Lugo, F.V., Luhder, J.R., Lunardon, M., Luparello, G., Ma, Y.G., Mager, M., Maire, A., Majerz, E.M., Makariev, M.V., Malaev, M., Malfattore, G., Malik, N.M., Malik, Q.W., Malik, S.K., Malinina, L., Mallick, D., Mallick, N., Mandaglio, G., Mandal, S.K., Manea, A., Manko, V., Manso, F., Manzari, V., Mao, Y., Marcjan, R.W., Margagliotti, G.V., Margotti, A., Marín, A., Markert, C., Martinengo, P., Martínez, M.I., Martínez García, G., Martins, M.P.P., Masciocchi, S., Masera, M., Masoni, A., Massacrier, L., Massen, O., Mastroserio, A., Matonoha, O., Mattiazzo, S., Matyja, A., Mazuecos, A.L., Mazzaschi, F., Mazzilli, M., Melikyan, Y., Melo, M., Menchaca-Rocha, A., Mendez, J.E.M., Meninno, E., Menon, A.S., Menzel, M.W., Meres, M., Miake, Y., Micheletti, L., Mihaylov, D.L., Mikhaylov, K., Minafra, N., Miśkowiec, D., Modak, A., Mohanty, B., Mohisin Khan, M., Molander, M.A., Monira, S., Mordasini, C., Moreira De Godoy, D.A., Morozov, I., Morsch, A., Mrnjavac, T., Muccifora, V., Muhuri, S., Mulligan, J.D., Mulliri, A., Munhoz, M.G., Munzer, R.H., Murakami, H., Murray, S., Musa, L., Musinsky, J., Myrcha, J.W., Naik, B., Nambrath, A.I., Nandi, B.K., Nania, R., Nappi, E., Nassirpour, A.F., Nath, A., Nath, S., Nattrass, C., Naydenov, M.N., Neagu, A., Negru, A., Nekrasova, E., Nellen, L., Nepeivoda, R., Nese, S., Nicassio, N., Nielsen, B.S., Nielsen, E.G., Nikolaev, S., Nikulin, S., Nikulin, V., Noferini, F., Noh, S., Nomokonov, P., Norman, J., Novitzky, N., Nowakowski, P., Nyanin, A., Nystrand, J., Oh, S., Ohlson, A., Okorokov, V.A., Oleniacz, J., Onnerstad, A., Oppedisano, C., Ortiz Velasquez, A., Otwinowski, J., Oya, M., Oyama, K., Pachmayer, Y., Padhan, S., Pagano, D., Paić, G., Paisano-Guzmán, S., Palasciano, A., Panebianco, S., Pantouvakis, C., Park, H., Park, J., Parkkila, J.E., Patley, Y., Patra, R.N., Paul, B., Pei, H., Peitzmann, T., Peng, X., Pennisi, M., Perciballi, S., Peresunko, D., Perez, G.M., Pestov, Y., Petersen, M.T., Petrov, V., Petrovici, M., Piano, S., Pikna, M., Pillot, P., Pinazza, O., Pinsky, L., Pinto, C., Pisano, S., Płoskoń, M., Planinic, M., Pliquett, F., Plociennik, D.K., Poghosyan, M.G., Polichtchouk, B., Politano, S., Poljak, N., Pop, A., Porteboeuf-Houssais, S., Pozdniakov, V., Pozos, I.Y., Pradhan, K.K., Prasad, S.K., Prasad, S., Preghenella, R., Prino, F., Pruneau, C.A., Pshenichnov, I., Puccio, M., Pucillo, S., Qiu, S., Quaglia, L., Ragoni, S., Rai, A., Rakotozafindrabe, A., Ramello, L., Rami, F., Rasa, M., Räsänen, S.S., Rath, R., Rauch, M.P., Ravasenga, I., Read, K.F., Reckziegel, C., Redelbach, A.R., Redlich, K., Reetz, C.A., Regules-Medel, H.D., Rehman, A., Reidt, F., Reme-Ness, H.A., Rescakova, Z., Reygers, K., Riabov, A., Riabov, V., Ricci, R., Richter, M., Riedel, A.A., Riegler, W., Riffero, A.G., Rignanese, M., Ripoli, C., Ristea, C., Rodriguez, M.V., Rodríguez Cahuantzi, M., Rodríguez Ramírez, S.A., Røed, K., Rogalev, R., Rogochaya, E., Rogoschinski, T.S., Rohr, D., Röhrich, D., Rojas Torres, S., Rokita, P.S., Romanenko, G., Ronchetti, F., Rosas, E.D., Roslon, K., Rossi, A., Roy, A., Roy, S., Rubini, N., Rudolph, J.A., Ruggiano, D., Rui, R., Russek, P.G., Russo, R., Rustamov, A., Ryabinkin, E., Ryabov, Y., Rybicki, A., Ryu, J., Rzesa, W., Sabiu, B., Sadovsky, S., Saetre, J., Šafařík, K., Saha, S., Sahoo, B., Sahoo, R., Sahoo, S., Sahu, D., Sahu, P.K., Saini, J., Sajdakova, K., Sakai, S., Salvan, M.P., Sambyal, S., Samitz, D., Sanna, I., Saramela, T.B., Sarkar, D., Sarma, P., Sarritzu, V., Sarti, V.M., Sas, M.H.P., Sawan, S., Scapparone, E., Schambach, J., Scheid, H.S., Schiaua, C., Schicker, R., Schlepper, F., Schmah, A., Schmidt, C., Schmidt, H.R., Schmidt, M.O., Schmidt, M., Schmidt, N.V., Schmier, A.R., Schotter, R., Schröter, A., Schukraft, J., Schweda, K., Scioli, G., Scomparin, E., Seger, J.E., Sekiguchi, Y., Sekihata, D., Selina, M., Selyuzhenkov, I., Senyukov, S., Seo, J.J., Serebryakov, D., Serkin, L., Šerkšnytė, L., Sevcenco, A., Shaba, T.J., Shabetai, A., Shahoyan, R., Shangaraev, A., Sharma, B., Sharma, D., Sharma, H., Sharma, M., Sharma, S., Sharma, U., Shatat, A., Sheibani, O., Shigaki, K., Shimomura, M., Shin, J., Shirinkin, S., Shou, Q., Sibiriak, Y., Siddhanta, S., Siemiarczuk, T., Silva, T.F., Silvermyr, D., Simantathammakul, T., Simeonov, R., Singh, B., Singh, K., Singh, R., Singh, S., Singh, V.K., Singhal, V., Sinha, T., Sitar, B., Sitta, M., Skaali, T.B., Skorodumovs, G., Smirnov, N., Snellings, R.J.M., Solheim, E.H., Song, J., Sonnabend, C., Sonneveld, J.M., Soramel, F., Soto-hernandez, A.B., Spijkers, R., Sputowska, I., Staa, J., Stachel, J., Stan, I., Steffanic, P.J., Stellhorn, T., Stiefelmaier, S.F., Stocco, D., Storehaug, I., Strangmann, N.J., Stratmann, P., Strazzi, S., Sturniolo, A., Stylianidis, C.P., Suaide, A.A.P., Suire, C., Sukhanov, M., Suljic, M., Sultanov, R., Sumberia, V., Sumowidagdo, S., Szymkowski, M., Tabares, L.H., Taghavi, S.F., Taillepied, G., Takahashi, J., Tambave, G.J., Tang, S., Tang, Z., Tapia Takaki, J.D., Tapus, N., Tarasovicova, L.A., Tarzila, M.G., Tassielli, G.F., Tauro, A., Tavira García, A., Tejeda Muñoz, G., Terlizzi, L., Terrevoli, C., Thakur, S., Thomas, D., Tikhonov, A., Tiltmann, N., Timmins, A.R., Tkacik, M., Tkacik, T., Toia, A., Tokumoto, R., Tomassini, S., Tomohiro, K., Topilskaya, N., Toppi, M., Torres, V.V., Torres Ramos, A.G., Trifiró, A., Triloki, T., Triolo, A.S., Tripathy, S., Tripathy, T., Trubnikov, V., Trzaska, W.H., Trzcinski, T.P., Tsolanta, C., Tu, R., Tumkin, A., Turrisi, R., Tveter, T.S., Ullaland, K., Ulukutlu, B., Upadhyaya, S., Uras, A., Urioni, M., Usai, G.L., Vala, M., Valle, N., van Doremalen, L.V.R., van Leeuwen, M., van Veen, C.A., van Weelden, R.J.G., Vande Vyvre, P., Varga, D., Varga, Z., Vargas Torres, P., Vasileiou, M., Vasiliev, A., Vázquez Doce, O., Vazquez Rueda, O., Vechernin, V., Vercellin, E., Vergara Limón, S., Verma, R., Vermunt, L., Vértesi, R., Verweij, M., Vickovic, L., Vilakazi, Z., Villalobos Baillie, O., Villani, A., Vinogradov, A., Virgili, T., Virta, M.M.O., Vodopyanov, A., Volkel, B., Völkl, M.A., Voloshin, S.A., Volpe, G., von Haller, B., Vorobyev, I., Vozniuk, N., Vrláková, J., Wan, J., Wang, C., Wang, D., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Wegrzynek, A., Weiglhofer, F.T., Wenzel, S.C., Wessels, J.P., Wiechula, J., Wikne, J., Wilk, G., Wilkinson, J., Willems, G.A., Windelband, B., Winn, M., Wright, J.R., Wu, W., Wu, Y., Xiong, Z., Xu, R., Yadav, A., Yadav, A.K., Yamaguchi, Y., Yang, S., Yano, S., Yeats, E.R., Yin, Z., Yoo, I.-K., Yoon, J.H., Yu, H., Yuan, S., Yuncu, A., Zaccolo, V., Zampolli, C., Zanone, F., Zardoshti, N., Zarochentsev, A., Závada, P., Zaviyalov, N., Zhalov, M., Zhang, B., Zhang, C., Zhang, L., Zhang, M., Zhang, S., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z., Zhao, M., Zherebchevskii, V., Zhi, Y., Zhou, D., Zhou, Y., Zhu, J., Zhu, S., Zhu, Y., Zugravel, S.C., and Zurlo, N.

Published
2025
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8. Catalytic Asymmetric Desymmetrizing [4+2] Cycloaddition/Base-Mediated Oxidative Aromatization Sequence: De Novo Synthesis of Isobenzofuranone-Embedded Chiral Arenes.

Author

Biswas S and Pan SC

Abstract

Herein, an organocatalytic asymmetric desymmetrizing [4+2] cycloaddition/base-mediated oxidative aromatization reaction sequence has been developed between spirophthalide 2,5-cyclohexadienones and β-methyl cinnamaldehydes. The reaction proceeds through in situ chiral dienamine intermediate formation, and the densely functionalized spirocyclic isobenzofuranone-embedded chiral arenes were formed in high yields with excellent enantioselectivities. A 2-fold desymmetrization reaction was also performed, and the products were obtained in high enantioselectivities.

Published
2025
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9. Solvent-Driven Self-Assembly of Discrete Ni(II)-Azide Complexes: Unraveling Unusual Behavior in Mimicking Jack Bean Urease.

Author

Biswas S, Karim S, Adhikary J, and Das D

Abstract

The well-known inhibitory strength of 3d metal Schiff base complexes against urease enzymes has long been acknowledged, but their untapped potential to act as ureolytic mimics of active metallobiosites remained unexplored. To break the new ground, we present pyrrolidine-based mononuclear Ni(II)-azide complex 1 {[NiL(HL)(N 3 )]·1.5(H 2 O)} using the N,N,O donor ligand, namely ( E )-4-bromo-2-(((2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl)imino)methyl)phenol. The initial spectrophotometric analysis showed catalytic inefficiency in methanol since it undergoes unexpected ligand dissociation to generate a new octahedral nickel complex ( INC ), catalyzing condensation to form BrTz . Notably, complex 1 was subjected to self-assembly in DMF into UV-responsive tetranuclear complex 2 {[NiL(H 2 O)(N 3 )] 4 } and structurally characterized using single-crystal XRD. Furthermore, complex 2 was utilized as a functional urease model, demonstrating catalytic efficiency in urea hydrolysis with the estimation of the liberated ammonia and CO 2 in MeOH. The mechanistic pathway was speculated to proceed via the hydrogen bonding of urea with bridging azides, facilitating coordination with the nickel center. Moreover, it significantly inhibited hydrolysis in the presence of external NBPTO [ N -( n -butyl)thiophosphoric triamide], guanidine, etc., revealing its potential for precise catalytic control. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the urease-mimicking activity of the tetranuclear Ni(II) complex and elucidating the mechanism through detailed chemical analysis.

Published
2025
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10. Untangling the Efficient Boron-Initialized Hydroxyl-Terminated Polybutadiene Combustion for High Energetic Solid Propulsion Systems.

Author

Rizzo GL, Biswas S, Ka D, Zheng X, and Kaiser RI

Abstract

Highly energetic boron (B) particles embedded in hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) thermosetting polymers represent stable solid-state fuel. Laser-heating of levitated B/HTPB and pure HTPB particles in a controlled atmosphere revealed spontaneous ignition of B/HTPB in air, allowing for examination of the exclusive roles of boron. These ignition events are probed in situ via simultaneous spectroscopic diagnostics: Raman and infrared spectroscopy, temporally resolved high-speed optical and infrared cameras, and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy. The emission spectra unravel two stages of the B/HTPB ignition─the exoergic ignition of boron followed by HTPB combustion. It was found that HTPB readily absorbs the energy from the irradiating carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) laser but efficiently transfers that thermal energy to the densely arranged boron particles due to the lower heat capacity of the latter. This transferred energy causes a surge in temperature for the boron particles, leading to ignition (in an oxygen environment) in B/HTPB, unlike the case with HTPB alone. The accumulated energy from the second stage of boron ignition triggers the decomposition of HTPB in conjunction with hydrogen abstraction to produce radical precursors via boron oxides (BO and BO 2 )─the key emitting intermediates detected. Along with conventional combustion products such as carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and water (H 2 O), the formation of partially oxidized gaseous products such as methanol (CH 3 OH) and methyl vinyl ether have also been detected as a tracer of diverse oxidation events, suggesting a complex oxidation chemistry within HTPB and overall depict crucial insights for its use as a solid rocket fuel.

Published
2025
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11. Exploring the Role of Glycine Metabolism in Coronary Artery Disease: Insights from Human Genetics and Mouse Models.

Author

Biswas S, Hilser JR, Woodward NC, Wang Z, Gukasyan J, Nemet I, Schwartzman WS, Huang P, Han Y, Fouladian Z, Charugundla S, Spencer NJ, Pan C, Tang WHW, Lusis AJ, Hazen SL, Hartiala JA, and Allayee H

Subjects
Animals, Humans, Mice, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Disease Models, Animal, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Aged, Atherosclerosis genetics, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Dietary Supplements, United Kingdom, Glycine, Coronary Artery Disease genetics, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Background: Circulating glycine levels have been associated with reduced risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) in humans but these associations have not been observed in all studies. We evaluated whether the relationship between glycine levels and atherosclerosis was causal using genetic analyses in humans and feeding studies in mice. Methods: Serum glycine levels were evaluated for association with risk of CAD in the UK Biobank. Genetic determinants of glycine levels were identified through a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and used to evaluate the causal relationship between glycine and risk of CAD by Mendelian randomization (MR). A dietary supplementation study was carried out with atherosclerosis-prone apolipoprotein E deficient ( ApoE -/- ) mice to determine the effects of increased circulating glycine levels on cardiometabolic traits and aortic lesion formation. Results: Among 105,718 UK Biobank subjects, elevated serum glycine levels were associated with significantly reduced risk of prevalent CAD (Quintile 5 vs. Quintile 1 OR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.67-0.87; p < 0.0001) and incident CAD (Quintile 5 vs. Quintile 1 HR = 0.70, 95% CI 0.65-0.77; p < 0.0001) after adjustment for age, sex, ethnicity, anti-hypertensive and lipid-lowering medications, blood pressure, kidney function, and diabetes. A GWAS meta-analysis with 230,947 subjects identified 61 loci for glycine levels, of which 26 were novel. MR analyses provided modest evidence that genetically elevated glycine levels were causally associated with reduced systolic blood pressure and risk of type 2 diabetes, but did not provide significant evidence for an association with decreased risk of CAD. Glycine supplementation in mice had no effects on cardiometabolic traits or atherosclerotic lesion development. Conclusions: While expanding the genetic architecture of glycine metabolism, MR analyses and in vivo feeding studies did not provide evidence that the clinical association of this amino acid with atherosclerosis represents a causal relationship.

Published
2025
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13. Influence of aqueous solutions of 2-(tetrafluoro(trifluoromethyl)-λ 6 -sulfanyl-ethan-1-ol (CF 3 SF 4 -ethanol) on the stabilization of the secondary structure of melittin: comparison with aqueous trifluoroethanol using molecular dynamics simulations and circular dichroism experiments.

Author

Biswas S, Pathak N, Sutherland L, Chen AA, and Welch JT

Abstract

The influence of aqueous solutions of 2-(tetrafluoro(trifluoromethyl)-λ 6 -sulfanyl-ethan-1-ol (CF 3 SF 4 -ethanol) and 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE) on the secondary structure of melittin was studied using circular dichroism (CD) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. In water, melittin transitions into a random coil. However, upon addition of even as little as 1% by volume of CF 3 SF 4 -ethanol, the secondary structure of melittin stabilizes as a helix. Contrarily, the addition of 40% by volume of TFE is required for the greatest helicity. Fluoroalcohols stabilize melittin's hydrophobic side chain residues, thereby enhancing the helical structure. Locally alcohol concentrations approach nearly 70-90% in the near vicinity of the hydrophobic side chains increasing hydrophobic interactions and reducing water-peptide hydrogen bonding. Using the molecular mechanics-Poisson Boltzmann surface area method (MMPBSA), the free energy of binding between the peptide and fluoroalcohols highlighted the role of nonpolar residues in stabilizing the secondary structure. Secondary structure content analysis (SESCA) validated the simulation results, confirming CF 3 SF 4 -ethanol as an effective, eco-friendly enhancer of helicity at low concentrations. The far UV circular dichroism (CD) spectrum of melittin in solutions containing TFE corroborates previous findings and likewise affirms that the addition of CF 3 SF 4 -ethanol to an aqueous solution can enhance helicity. The agreement between the experimental and calculated helicities highlights the potential of CF 3 SF 4 -ethanol. This study offers insights into peptide stabilization by fluoroalcohols, with implications for peptide-based therapeutic design.

Published
2025
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14. Bioinspired design of DNA in aqueous ionic liquid media for sustainable packaging of horseradish peroxidase under biotic stress.

Author

Dhiman D, Sethi A, Sinha R, Biswas S, Franklin G, and Mondal D

Abstract

We show that a combination of DNA and ionic liquid significantly increases the stability and activity of HRP and achieves a 4.8-fold higher peroxidase activity than PBS buffer. Also, HRP retains 84% of its activity in IL+DNA compared to 24% in PBS against trypsin digestion. Molecular modeling and spectroscopic studies reveal a protective microenvironment.

Published
2025
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15. H 3 PO 3 promoted reactions of thioamides with 2-substituted benzyl alcohols.

Author

Duari S, Maity S, Biswas S, Roy A, Elsharif AM, and Biswas S

Abstract

In this study, we have investigated the reactivity of thioamides with alcohols by utilizing H 3 PO 3 as a low-toxicity, cost-effective Brønsted acid catalyst. This report includes a methodology for the synthesis of thioesters from thioamides and 2-hydroxyaryl alcohols. Thioesters are emerging as a notable class of organic molecules due to their biological relevance, extensive use in drug discovery, and industrial applications. The diversity of the reaction protocol was further demonstrated through the S -alkylation of benzo[ d ]oxazole-2(3 H )-thione and benzo[ d ]thiaazole-2(3 H )-thione by the nucleophilic substitution of hydroxy-embedded arylalcohols. In absence of phenolic -OH, the reaction results were inferior. Based on control experiments, a reaction mechanism was proposed in which phenolic -OH acts as a directing group in the presence of H 3 PO 3 . Additionally, the practical utility of the reaction protocol was explored through the synthesis of structurally diverse benzothiazines from arylthioamides and 2-aminobenzyl alcohols.

Published
2025
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16. Stapled Peptides as Inhibitors of mRNA Deadenylation.

Author

Pal S, Gordijenko I, Schmeing S, Biswas S, Akbulut Y, Gasper R, and 't Hart P

Abstract

Therapeutic intervention targeting mRNA typically aims at reducing the levels of disease-causing sequences. Achieving the opposite effect of blocking the destruction of beneficial mRNA remains underexplored. The degradation of mRNA starts with the removal of poly(A) tails, reducing their stability and translational activity, which is mainly regulated by the CCR4-NOT complex. The subunit NOT9 binds various RNA binding proteins, that recruit mRNA in a sequence-specific manner to the CCR4-NOT complex to promote their deadenylation. These RNA binding proteins interact with NOT9 through a helical NOT9 binding motif, which we used as a starting point for development of the hydrocarbon stapled peptide NIP-2. The peptide (K D =60.4 nM) was able to inhibit RNA-binding (IC 50 =333 nM) as well as the deadenylation activity of the CCR4-NOT complex in vitro while being cell-permeable (cell-permeability EC 50 =2.44 μM). A co-crystal structure of NIP-2 bound to NOT9 allowed further optimization of the peptide through point mutation leading to NIP-2-H27A-N 3 (K D =122 nM) with high cell permeability (cell-permeability EC 50 =0.34 μM). The optimized peptide was able to inhibit deadenylation of target mRNAs when used in HeLa cells at a concentration of 100 μM, demonstrating the feasibility of increasing mRNA stability., (© 2024 The Authors. Angewandte Chemie International Edition published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Published
2025
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17. Chronic Kidney Disease Prevalence in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis From Community-Based Representative Evidence Between 2011 to 2023.

Author

Talukdar R, Ajayan R, Gupta S, Biswas S, Parveen M, Sadhukhan D, Sinha AP, and Parameswaran S

Subjects
Humans, India epidemiology, Prevalence, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic epidemiology, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic diagnosis
Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) prevalence varies widely across different regions of India. We aimed to identify the status of CKD in India, by systematically reviewing the published community-based studies between the period of January 2011 to December 2023. PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE were searched for peer-reviewed evidence. Records identified for full-text screening were imported into the Litmaps literature review tool to identify more relevant studies. Two researchers independently examined and retrieved the data. Quality assessment was conducted using the JBI tool for prevalence studies. A random effects model pooled the estimates. Subgroup analysis, meta-regression and sensitivity analysis explored heterogeneity sources and estimated robustness. Publication bias was assessed with a DOI plot and LFK index. Among the 7062 records identified, 18 studies were included in this review. The pooled prevalence of CKD from community-based studies in India was 13.24% (confidence intervals (CI) 10.52 to 16.22, I 2 99%, p < 0.001). CKD prevalence among men was 14.80%, while among women it was 13.51%. Southern administrative zone had a pooled CKD prevalence of 14.78%. Pooled CKD prevalence was higher in studies from rural areas (15.34%) compared to those from urban areas (10.65%). Significant heterogeneity was found. Subgroup analyses based on sampling strategy, quality score, publication year, and eGFR estimation equation showed no effect on the pooled prevalence. Prediction Intervals confirmed CKD prevalence in India in future studies will fall between 2.64% and 30.17%. This review indicates a rising trend of CKD (from 11.12% during the period 2011 to 2017, to 16.38% between 2018 to 2023) among Indians aged 15 years and above, over the past years. More future regional research is needed to tailor-make CKD interventions to detect early and manage well., (© 2025 Asian Pacific Society of Nephrology.)

Published
2025
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18. Lung Function Parameters among Adult Bangladeshi Population.

Author

Chakrabortty R, Galib RK, Paul SK, Rahman S, Acherjya GK, Kamrul-Hasan AB, Selim S, Biswas SK, and Tarafder AJ

Subjects
Humans, Male, Female, Bangladesh, Cross-Sectional Studies, Adult, Middle Aged, Vital Capacity, Forced Expiratory Volume, Respiratory Function Tests statistics & numerical data, Lung physiology, Lung physiopathology, Young Adult, Aged, Spirometry
Abstract

The standard values of lung function parameters obtained from Western populations do not agree with that of the people of Bangladesh. The study aimed to establish valid and up-to-date spirometry predictive values for the general population in Bangladesh. This cross-sectional observational study was conducted over six months from February 2020 to July 2020 in the Department of Respiratory medicine of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Bangladesh. Data was obtained from 627 participants after inclusion and exclusion criteria. An Easy One Air Type A 2500-2A Spirometer, USA was used for measurement of forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV₁), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV₁ and FVC ratio (FEV₁/FVC) and forced mid-expiratory flow (FEF 25.0% - 75.0%). All spirometric measurements were performed with the subjects seated and according to standard protocol provided by the American Thoracic Society (ATS) guidelines. Most people were (39.7%) in the normal-weight (BMI: 18.5-24.9) range. FEV₁ was more in females than males among the lung function parameter, but FEF was higher in males. In linear regression, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in the first second, and forced vital capacity ratio, forced mid-expiratory flow negatively correlates with age and forced vital capacity has a negative correlation with body mass index. Lung function variables were significantly different between males and females in Bangladesh. Females have a higher lung volume than males. In regression analysis, lung functions variables were determined for males and females considering age as an independent variable but there was no correlation with body mass index except forced vital capacity.

Published
2025

19. Serum Vitamin D Status in Infants with Cholestatic Jaundice.

Author

Biswas SA, Rukunuzzaman M, Biswas RK, Rahman SMH, and Alam MS

Subjects
Humans, Infant, Male, Female, Cross-Sectional Studies, Bangladesh epidemiology, Infant, Newborn, Cholestasis blood, Cholestasis etiology, Cholestasis complications, Bilirubin blood, Vitamin D blood, Vitamin D analogs & derivatives, Vitamin D Deficiency blood, Vitamin D Deficiency complications, Vitamin D Deficiency diagnosis, Vitamin D Deficiency epidemiology, Jaundice, Obstructive blood, Jaundice, Obstructive etiology
Abstract

Cholestatic jaundice is a potentially serious condition that requires early diagnosis for proper management. Fat-soluble vitamin (FSV) deficiency develops as a consequence of cholestasis. Vitamin D deficiency is common and remains a challenge in patients with cholestasis. Objectives of the study were to evaluate the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status in infants with cholestatic jaundice. This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at department of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from January 2017 to June 2018 on purposively sampled infants. Infants who developed jaundice before three months of age, had direct bilirubin of more than 20.0% of the total bilirubin if total bilirubin is ≥5 mg/dl or more than 1.0 mg/dl if total bilirubin is <5 mg/dl, with pale stool and dark urine were included as cases while infants who visited hospital with a diagnosis of acute bronchiolitis, reactive airway disease and acute viral infection but no evidence of liver, gastrointestinal disease or renal disease checked by means of medical history, physical examination and a review of medical records were included as controls. Blood was collected from patients with cholestatic liver disease for liver biochemistries, prothrombin time, 25-hydroxyvitamin D and serum calcium. Blood was also collected from controls for 25-hydroxyvitamin D and serum calcium. 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels <15, 15 to 20 and >20 ng/ml were defined as vitamin D "deficiency", "insufficiency" and "sufficiency" respectively. Thirty patients and 30 controls were evaluated. Mean age in cases and controls were 113.43±74.08 and 145.50±88.62 days respectively (p=0.134). Biliary atresia was found to be the commonest cause, 18(60.0%), followed by idiopathic neonatal hepatitis (INH) 7(23.3%), choledochal cyst 4(13.3%) and 1 case of neonatal hepatitis (NH) due to CMV infection. The mean serum bilirubin (total) was 12.07±3.92 mg/dl, mean serum bilirubin (direct) 6.51±2.03 mg/dl, serum ALT 130.7±67.81 U/L, serum AST 135.07±52.54 U/L, prothrombin time 17.36±11.88 seconds, serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) 700.3±555.89 U/L, alkaline phosphatase 560.37±283.12 U/L and serum albumin was 3.6±0.4 gm/dl. Mean serum calcium was 9.18±0.84 mg/dl. Mean 25-hydroxyvitamin D level in cholestatic patients was 14.7±5.75 ng/ml, compared to 27.68±10.44 ng/ml in controls (p=0.001). Vitamin D deficiency was found in 43.3% patients. The correlation between age at presentation and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels was not significant (r = 0.051; p = 0.784). Statistically significant negative correlation (r = -0.389; p=0.034) was found between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. Serum calcium was found to have statistically significant positive correlation with 25-hydroxyvitamin D (r=0.692; p=0.001). Blood levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in patients with cholestasis were lower than those of controls. So, adequate vitamin D supplementation and monitoring in this population is of great importance.

Published
2025

20. AXL/GAS6 signaling governs differentiation of tumor-associated macrophages in breast cancer.

Author

Purohit S, Mandal G, Biswas S, Dalui S, Gupta A, Chowdhury SR, and Bhattacharyya A

Subjects
Humans, Female, Animals, Neovascularization, Pathologic metabolism, Neovascularization, Pathologic pathology, Neovascularization, Pathologic genetics, Mice, Cell Line, Tumor, Axl Receptor Tyrosine Kinase, Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases metabolism, Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases genetics, Tumor-Associated Macrophages metabolism, Tumor-Associated Macrophages pathology, Tumor-Associated Macrophages immunology, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins metabolism, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins genetics, Proto-Oncogene Proteins metabolism, Proto-Oncogene Proteins genetics, Cell Differentiation, Signal Transduction, Breast Neoplasms pathology, Breast Neoplasms metabolism, Breast Neoplasms genetics, Tumor Microenvironment
Abstract

Most epithelial cancers are infiltrated by prognostically relevant myelomonocytic cells. Immunosuppressive tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) and their precursor monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) have previously been associated with worse outcomes in human breast cancer (BCa), yet the mechanism of immunosuppressive TAMs-polarization from myelomonocytic precursors is not completely understood. In this study, we show that persuaded AXL/GAS6 pathway alters macrophage phenotype from HLA-DR high CD206 low CD163 low classical phagocytic into HLA-DR low CD206 high CD163 high immunosuppressive ones with accelerated BCa progression, and increased angiogenesis signature and invasion ability of cancer cells at tumor beds. Notably, both AXL and GAS6 expressions are upregulated in human invasive breast carcinoma, with maximum expression in triple negative histology type. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that AXL/GAS6 signaling drives immunosuppression by governing increased immunosuppressive IL10 production while dampening IL-1β expression within the tumor microenvironment (TME) of BCa. Further, AXL/GAS6 signaling promotes angiogenesis through the activation of PI3K/AKT and NF-κB signaling pathways. Our results unveil role of AXL/GAS6 axis in the differentiation of TAMs, which governs malignant growth, and suggest that therapies that uncouple AXL/GAS6 axis may exhibit therapeutic opportunity for otherwise undruggable Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) patients., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2025
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21. The presence and burden of cognitive issues: discordance between the perception of neurologists and people living with multiple sclerosis.

Author

Penner IK, Heras VL, Jones E, Hetherington S, Karu H, Chetlangia R, Biswas S, Castro PD, and Lines C

Subjects
Humans, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Multiple Sclerosis psychology, Multiple Sclerosis complications, Retrospective Studies, Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting psychology, Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting physiopathology, Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting complications, Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive psychology, Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive physiopathology, Cost of Illness, Cohort Studies, Neurologists psychology, Cognitive Dysfunction etiology
Abstract

Background and Purpose: Cognitive impairment is a common symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS) and occurs in more than 40% of people living with MS (plwMS). No real-world study has assessed the perception of neurologists and plwMS on cognitive issues., Methods: Using data from the 2011-2019 Adelphi MS Disease Specific Programme database, this real-world, retrospective, cross-sectional multi-cohort study included people aged ≥18 years with relapsing-remitting MS and secondary progressive MS from the United States, UK and the EU. Neurologists provided data on the patient record form for plwMS, with the same plwMS invited to voluntarily complete a patient self-completion form: a questionnaire about their experiences with MS., Results: Of 25,374 plwMS, 4817 who provided information on cognitive and mood symptoms were included in the analysis. Of the plwMS, 68% and 59% reported feeling 'mentally fatigued' and having 'difficulty concentrating', respectively. Neurologists reported only 27% of plwMS as having 'difficulty concentrating' and 15% of plwMS as having 'short-/long-term memory problems'. Neurologists reported cognitive or mood symptoms as 'not experienced' by a higher percentage of participants with relapsing-remitting MS than secondary progressive MS. Of the plwMS who experienced 'difficulty concentrating', most had a concomitant feeling of being 'mentally fatigued' (52%), followed by 'feeling anxious or tense' (49%) and 'feeling depressed' (44%). In plwMS, caregivers reported 'difficulty concentrating' (16%) as the most common cognitive issue., Conclusion: A clear discordance was observed between neurologists and plwMS regarding the perception of the cognitive and neuropsychiatric issues. These results underline the under-perception of cognitive and emotional affective symptoms in plwMS during neurological consultations., (© 2024 Novartis AG. European Journal of Neurology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Academy of Neurology.)

Published
2025
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23. Differential Expression of Fibrinogen Alpha and Its Potential Involvement in Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis.

Author

Kumavat R, Kumar V, and Biswas S

Subjects
Humans, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Aged, Toll-Like Receptor 4 metabolism, Toll-Like Receptor 4 genetics, Synovial Membrane metabolism, Synovial Membrane pathology, Case-Control Studies, ROC Curve, Adult, Fibrinogen metabolism, Fibrinogen genetics, Osteoarthritis metabolism, Osteoarthritis blood, Osteoarthritis genetics, Osteoarthritis pathology, Biomarkers blood
Abstract

The deterioration of cartilage tissue and other joint components composed of synovial tissue is a defining characteristic of osteoarthritis (OA) disease. Because of the lack of understanding of the underlying cause and important molecular pathways, there are currently no effective diagnostic or treatment methods for OA. The purpose of the study is to find a specific protein biomarker with high sensitivity and specificity in order to understand the pathophysiology of the disease and the underlying molecular pathways. We examined plasma samples of matched age and sex from OA patients (n = 150) and healthy controls (HC) (n = 70) to find proteins that were differentially expressed and validated by western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. The results of western blotting demonstrated that the expression level of the fibrinogen alpha (FGA) protein was higher in plasma samples of osteoarthritis (OAPL) (p = 0.0343), and the ROC (receiver operating characteristic curve) curve supported the high sensitivity (95.22%) and specificity (74%) of FGA in OA plasma compared to healthy controls. FGA protein was detected to be deposited in the synovial tissue of OA patients (p = 0.0073). By activating the Toll-like receptor (TLR-4) receptor pathway in PBMCs (p = 0.04) and synovial tissue, FGA protein may be involved in the molecular mechanism of OA pathogenesis. Our findings collectively suggested that FGA, which is significantly expressed in OA plasma, synovial tissue, and PBMCs and is connected to the disease's advancement through the TLR-4 receptor, may serve as a diagnostic or disease-evolving tool for OA., Competing Interests: Declarations. Conflict of interest: The authors confirm that this article’s content has no conflicts of interest. Ethical Approval: The study protocols were approved by the ethical committee of All India institute and Medical Science (AIIMS, New Delhi), Department of orthopaedics, New Delhi India and Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India(CSIR-IGIB/IHEC/ 2017–18, February 8, 2018). Written and signed consent form were obtained from healthy volunteers and patients before enrolment. All study protocols and methods were compiled with the declaration of Helsinki., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)

Published
2025
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