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Purpose: To histometrically compare the osseointegration and crestal bone healing of a novel tapered, self‐cutting tissue‐level test implant with a standard tissue‐level control implant in a submerged healing regimen. Materials and Methods: In a mandibular minipig model, implants were inserted and evaluated histometrically after a healing period of 3, 6, and 12 weeks. The primary outcome was the evaluation of bone‐to‐implant contact (BIC) and secondary outcomes were primary stability as per insertion torque and first BIC (fBIC). Outcomes for the test and control implants were compared using Wilcoxon signed‐rank tests and mixed linear regression models. Results: Insertion torque values were significantly higher for the test (50.0 ± 26.4 Ncm) compared to the control implants (35.2 ± 19.7 Ncm, p =.0071). BIC values of test implants were non‐inferior to those of control implants over the investigated study period. After 12 weeks, the corresponding values measured were 81.62 ± 11.12% and 90.41 ± 4.81% (p =.1763) for test and control implants, respectively. Similarly, no statistical difference was found for fBIC values, except for the 12 weeks outcome that showed statistically lower values for the test (−675.58 ± 590.88 μm) compared to control implants (−182.75 ± 197.40 μm, p =.0068). Conclusions: Novel self‐cutting tissue‐level implants demonstrated noninferior osseointegration and crestal bone height maintenance to the tissue‐level implants. Histometric outcomes between both implants demonstrated test implants were statistically noninferior to control implants, despite substantial differences in the bone engagement mechanism and resulting differences in insertion torque and qualitative bone healing patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recognition and importance of immune cells during bone regeneration, including around bone biomaterials, has led to the development of an entire field termed "osteoimmunology," which focuses on the connection and interplay between the skeletal system and immune cells. Most studies have focused on the "osteogenic" capacity of various types of bone biomaterials, and much less focus has been placed on immune cells despite being the first cell type in contact with implantable devices. Thus, the amount of literature generated to date on this topic makes it challenging to extract needed information. This review article serves as a guide highlighting advancements made in the field of osteoimmunology emphasizing the role of the osteoimmunomodulatory properties of biomaterials and their impact on osteoinduction. First, the various immune cell types involved in bone biomaterial integration are discussed, including the prominent role of osteal macrophages (OsteoMacs) during bone regeneration. Thereafter, key biomaterial properties, including topography, wettability, surface charge, and adsorption of cytokines, growth factors, ions, and other bioactive molecules, are discussed in terms of their impact on immune responses. These findings highlight and recognize the importance of the immune system and osteoimmunology, leading to a shift in the traditional models used to understand and evaluate biomaterials for bone regeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To histologically compare osseointegration and crestal bone healing between newly introduced tapered, self-cutting bone-level test implants and tapered bone-level control implants in sites with fully healed sites., Methods: Sixty-six implants (33 test, 33 control) were placed 1 mm subcrestally in a minipig model and underwent qualitative histologic and quantitative histometric analyses after 3, 6 and 12 weeks of submerged healing. The primary and secondary outcomes were the bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and first bone-to-implant contact (fBIC). Outcomes between the test and control implants were statistically compared., Results: The BIC values of the test implants were comparable and non-inferior over the time points studied, except for the 12 weeks time point which showed statistically significantly higher BIC values of the test (88.07 ± 5.35%) compared to the control implants (80.88 ± 7.51%) (p = .010). Similarly comparable and non-inferior were the fBIC values, except for the 6-week outcome, which showed statistically higher values for the test (-546.5 ± 450.80 μm) compared to the control implants (-75.7 ± 100.59 μm). fBIC results for the test implants were qualitatively more stable and consistent between test time points., Conclusion: Novel self-cutting bone-level test implants demonstrated superior osseointegration and similar bone levels compared to conventional bone-level implants after a healing period of 12 weeks in healed ridges., (© 2024 The Authors. Journal of Periodontal Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)