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Purpose:In order to solve the problem of endogenous pollution mainly caused by sediment,engineering measures such as dredging and dredging have been widely applied in water environment management projects such as rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. At present, the amount of sediment generated by dredging and dredging in China is as high as 70 million tons,and it is still growing at a rate of 4%to 6%annually. At the same time,the dual attributes of "pollution" and "resources" of sediment also bring opportunities and challenges for its resource utilization. Method: Therefore, this article systematically reviews the principles, advantages and disadvantages, costs, and future development directions of current sediment resource utilization technology. Result and Conclusion: It is found that sediment resource utilization has involved multiple fields such as ecological restoration, construction, building material manufacturing, energy recovery, and environmental protection materials. In the future, the resource utilization of sediment should be achieved by establishing a sediment database in different zones to improve the accuracy of dredging engineering. Based on this, sediment should be utilized in different zones, layers, and classifications,and resource utilization technologies should be selected according to local conditions; At the same time,it is necessary to optimize the pre-treatment technology of sediment, improve the quality grade of sediment related products,and focus on toxic and harmful substances and new pollutants in sediment to achieve their safe utilization;Finally, we will improve the standard system for the entire process of sediment resource utilization and gradually standardize the market for sediment resource utilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Swivel bridge construction (SBC) technology has significant advantages in building bridges that span existing railway lines (ERLs), but it also entails complex risks from 'skylight' windows and railway boundaries. A notable challenge is the relationships and interdependencies among these risks, which collectively increase safety hazards through mutual influence. Prior research has typically focused on mitigating the risks inherent in particular tasks or operations, with less emphasis on the risks from interdependencies. A novel framework was developed to explore this research gap by integrating fuzzy logic, interpretive structural modeling (ISM) and the cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification (MICMAC) approach (Fuzzy-ISM-MICMAC) to investigate the relationships and interdependencies among the risks of SBC spanning ERLs and the critical points of risk control. Furthermore, the data collected from a literature review, a case analysis and expert interviews resulted in 28 risk factors. Then, the application of ISM distilled complex risk relationships into a clear, multilevel hierarchy, accurately illustrating the complex interrelationships among risk factors. Combined with MICMAC analysis, the research findings indicate that preliminary works such as the selection of construction technology, scheme design, construction rehearsal and the provision of safety facilities are essential for preventing risks in SBC spanning ERLs. We applied these findings to the double T-structure swivel construction of the Xiaojizhuang Bridge, where its practicality and efficiency were thoroughly tested and validated. This research's critical contribution is identifying, clarifying and visualizing the interrelationships of the complex risk factors of SBC spanning ERLs and providing specific solutions for safety management in similar bridge construction projects. The research results and risk control recommendations offer valuable insights for managing other swivel bridge construction risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To resolve the problem of the low management capacity of highway preventive maintenance (HPM), this paper identified and evaluated the major HPM management factors to improve management effectiveness and achieve sustainable highway development. The study conducted a literature review and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to identify the major HPM management factors. Social network analysis (SNA) was used to distinguish the degree of importance of these factors. A system dynamics (SD) model was developed to explore their patterns of influence. The research identified six dimensions of HPM management, including the management system, management resources, management cognition, management decisions, management technology, and external conditions, along with 26 major management factors. Moreover, information acquisition, system perfection, etc., are key factors; system execution, manager capability, etc., are hub factors; and route selection, machinery allocation, etc., are non-key factors. These factors have a positive impact on HPM management, leading to an upward trend in management effectiveness. The main innovation provided a hybrid and comprehensive approach to identify and evaluate the major management factors for effective HPM. This study can guide managers in developing effective HPM plans, allocating resources more efficiently, improving the overall quality of highway maintenance and forming a sustainable transportation system., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have exhibited potential for treating multiple inflammation- related diseases (IRDs) due to their easy acquisition, unique immunomodulatory and tissue repair properties, and immune-privileged characteristics. It is worth mentioning that MSCs release a wide array of soluble bioactive components in the secretome that modulate host innate and adaptive immune responses and promote the resolution of inflammation. As the first line of defense, macrophages exist throughout the entire inflammation process. They continuously switch their molecular phenotypes accompanied by complementary functional regulation ranging from classically activated pro-inflammatory M1-type (M1) to alternatively activated anti-inflammatory M2-type macrophages (M2). Recent studies have shown that the active intercommunication between MSCs and macrophages is indispensable for the immunomodulatory and regenerative behavior of MSCs in pharmacological cell therapy products. In this review, we systematically summarized the emerging capacities and detailed the molecular mechanisms of the MSC-derived secretome (MSC-SE) in immunomodulating macrophage polarization and preventing excessive inflammation, providing novel insights into the clinical applications of MSC-based therapy in IRD management., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)