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A new noncentrosymmetric strontium borate, P1‐Sr2[B5O8(OH)]2 ⋅ [B(OH)3] ⋅ H2O (1), has been synthesized under the hydrothermal condition. The P1‐Sr2[B5O8(OH)]2 ⋅ [B(OH)3] ⋅ H2O shows a layered B−O network with 9‐ring windows in the ab plane. Sr2+ cations, H3BO3, and H2O molecules are located in the voids of layers and interlayers, respectively. The P1‐Sr2[B5O8(OH)]2 ⋅ [B(OH)3] ⋅ H2O is the first synthetic phase of veatchite, while the other three polymorphs are found in different natural minerals. This strontium borate is a potential deep‐ultraviolet‐transparent nonlinear‐optical (NLO) crystal whose second‐harmonic‐generation (SHG) intensity is 1.7 times that of KH2PO4 (KDP) and is phase‐matchable. The short wavelength cutoff edge of compound 1 is below 190 nm. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that the B−O units are responsible for the nonlinear optical property. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Endoscopic resection (ER) for jejunoileal lesions (JILs) has been technically challenging. We aimed to characterize the clinicopathologic characteristics, feasibility, and safety of ER for JILs. Method: We retrospectively investigated 52 patients with JILs who underwent ER from January 2012 to February 2022. We collected and analyzed clinicopathological characteristics, procedure‐related parameters, outcomes, and follow‐up data. Results: The mean age was 49.4 years. Of the 52 JILs, 33 ileal tumors within 20 cm from the ileocecal valve were resected with colonoscopy, while 19 tumors in the jejunum or the ileum over 20 cm from the ileocecal valve received enteroscopy resection. The mean procedure duration was 49.0 min. The en bloc resection and en bloc with R0 resection rates were 86.5% and 84.6%, respectively. Adverse events (AEs) included one (1.9%) major AE (delayed bleeding) and five (9.6%) minor AEs. During a median follow‐up of 36.5 months, two patients had local recurrence (3.8%), while none had metastases. The 5‐year recurrence‐free survival (RFS) and disease‐specific survival (DSS) were 92.9% and 94.1%, respectively. Compared with the enteroscopy group, overall AEs were significantly lower in the colonoscopy group (P < 0.05), but no statistical differences were observed in RFS (P = 0.412) and DSS (P = 0.579). There were no significant differences in AEs, RFS, and DSS between the endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and the endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) group. Conclusions: ER of JILs has favorable short‐term and long‐term outcomes. Both ESD and EMR can safely and effectively resect JILs in appropriately selected cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims: Repeat peroral endoscopic myotomy (Re-POEM) appeared to be a promising salvage option for patients with persistent/recurrent symptoms after initial POEM, but it may be more technical challenging. Here we aim to evaluate the safety and technical difficulty of Re-POEM., Methods: Between July 2012 and October 2023, 158 achalasia patients underwent Re-POEM were retrospectively enrolled. Another 2978 patients without prior myotomy were selected for naïve POEM. After propensity score matching (PSM), procedure-related parameters were compared between the two groups. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to reveal risk factors for difficult Re-POEM (defined as procedure time ≥ 90 min)., Results: With similar baseline characteristics between two groups after PSM, the procedure time was comparable between Re-POEM and naïve POEM groups (61.4±27.0 vs. 59.3±29.9, p=0.496). The Re-POEM group showed shorter esophageal myotomy length (7.0±2.1 vs. 8.2±1.1, p<0.001) and longer gastric myotomy length (2.3±0.6 vs. 2.1±0.4, p=0.017), compared with the naïve POEM group. Mucosal injury in Re-POEM group was slightly higher, which was not statistically significant (20.3% vs. 13.9%, p=0.135). No differences were found in the incidence of gas-related adverse events (AEs), major AEs, and technical difficulty. Multivariate analysis determined mucosal edema (OR=4.942, 95% CI, 1.554-15.714, p=0.007) and submucosal fibrosis (OR=3.817, 95% CI, 1.333-10.931, p=0.013) to be independent risk factors for difficult Re-POEM., Conclusions: Re-POEM appears safe and feasible as a salvage option after initial POEM failure, with comparable procedure duration, incidence of AEs and technical difficulty to naïve POEM. Mucosal edema and submucosal fibrosis were associated with difficult Re-POEM., (Copyright © 2024 American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

A new noncentrosymmetric strontium borate, P1-Sr 2 [B 5 O 8 (OH)] 2  ⋅ [B(OH) 3 ] ⋅ H 2 O (1), has been synthesized under the hydrothermal condition. The P1-Sr 2 [B 5 O 8 (OH)] 2  ⋅ [B(OH) 3 ] ⋅ H 2 O shows a layered B-O network with 9-ring windows in the ab plane. Sr 2+ cations, H 3 BO 3 , and H 2 O molecules are located in the voids of layers and interlayers, respectively. The P1-Sr 2 [B 5 O 8 (OH)] 2  ⋅ [B(OH) 3 ] ⋅ H 2 O is the first synthetic phase of veatchite, while the other three polymorphs are found in different natural minerals. This strontium borate is a potential deep-ultraviolet-transparent nonlinear-optical (NLO) crystal whose second-harmonic-generation (SHG) intensity is 1.7 times that of KH 2 PO 4 (KDP) and is phase-matchable. The short wavelength cutoff edge of compound 1 is below 190 nm. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that the B-O units are responsible for the nonlinear optical property., (© 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Two metal borate-carbonates, M 6 [Cd 2 (CO 3 ) 2 (B 12 O 18 )(OH) 6 ] [M = K ( 1 ), Rb ( 2 )], were obtained under surfactant-thermal conditions. In 1 and 2 , each cyclic [(B 12 O 18 )(OH) 6 ] 6- anion captures two CdCO 3 in two sides of the rings and finally forms the unusual (CdCO 3 ) 2 @[(B 12 O 18 )(OH) 6 ] cluster. Both 1 and 2 show moderate birefringence. Density functional theory calculations indicate that carbonate groups have a major contribution to electron-related optical transition.

Background: Calcifying fibrous tumors (CFTs) are rare mesenchymal lesions that can occur in various sites throughout the body, including the tubular gastrointestinal (GI) tract., Aim: To analyze the clinical findings of 36 patients with GI tract CFTs to provide guidance for diagnosis and treatment., Methods: This retrospective study included 36 patients diagnosed with CFTs of the GI tract. We collected demographic and clinical information and conducted regular follow-ups to assess for local recurrence., Results: The stomach was the most commonly involved site, accounting for 72.2% of the 36 CFTs. Endoscopic mucosal resection ( n = 1, 2.8%), endoscopic submucosal dissection ( n = 14, 38.9%), endoscopic full-thickness resection ( n = 16, 44.4%), and submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection ( n = 5, 13.9%) were used to resect calcifying fibrous tumors. Overall, 34 (94.4%) CFTs underwent complete endoscopic resections with a mean procedure time of 39.8 ± 29.8 min. The average maximum diameter of the tumors was 10.6 ± 4.3 cm. No complications, such as bleeding or perforation, occurred during an average hospital stay of 2.9 ± 1.2 d. In addition, two patients developed new growth of CFTs near the primary tumor sites, and none of the patients developed distant metastases during the follow-up period., Conclusion: GI tract CFTs are rare and typically benign tumors that can be effectively managed with endoscopic procedures., Competing Interests: Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors have no conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose., (©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: Gastric cystica profunda (GCP) represents a rare condition characterized by cystic dilation of gastric glands within the mucosal and/or submucosal layers. GCP is often linked to, or may progress into, early gastric cancer (EGC)., Aim: To provide a comprehensive evaluation of the endoscopic features of GCP while assessing the efficacy of endoscopic treatment, thereby offering guidance for diagnosis and treatment., Methods: This retrospective study involved 104 patients with GCP who underwent endoscopic resection. Alongside demographic and clinical data, regular patient follow-ups were conducted to assess local recurrence., Results: Among the 104 patients diagnosed with GCP who underwent endoscopic resection, 12.5% had a history of previous gastric procedures. The primary site predominantly affected was the cardia (38.5%, n = 40). GCP commonly exhibited intraluminal growth (99%), regular presentation (74.0%), and ulcerative mucosa (61.5%). The leading endoscopic feature was the mucosal lesion type (59.6%, n = 62). The average maximum diameter was 20.9 ± 15.3 mm, with mucosal involvement in 60.6% ( n = 63). Procedures lasted 73.9 ± 57.5 min, achieving complete resection in 91.3% ( n = 95). Recurrence (4.8%) was managed via either surgical intervention ( n = 1) or through endoscopic resection ( n = 4). Final pathology confirmed that 59.6% of GCP cases were associated with EGC. Univariate analysis indicated that elderly males were more susceptible to GCP associated with EGC. Conversely, multivariate analysis identified lesion morphology and endoscopic features as significant risk factors. Survival analysis demonstrated no statistically significant difference in recurrence between GCP with and without EGC ( P = 0.72)., Conclusion: The findings suggested that endoscopic resection might serve as an effective and minimally invasive treatment for GCP with or without EGC., Competing Interests: Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article., (©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.)