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Ehretia asperula Zoll. & Moritzi was a common medicinal herb found in several Asian nations. This herb was found in many provinces in northern Vietnam, especially Hoa Binh province. Leaves of E. asperula cultivated in Tay Ninh Province were used to isolate compounds and evaluate their potential as antioxidants by five methods, including TAC, RP, FRAP, DPPH, and ABTS•+. Seven compounds were isolated and elucidated from the ethyl acetate fraction, including kaempferol (1), astragalin (2), nicotiflorin (3), rutin (4), caffeic acid (5), (-)-loliolide (6), and daucosterol (7), where compounds 1, 4, 6, and 7 were found from this species for the first time. All isolated compounds from E. asperula leaves exhibited antioxidant activity, consisting of 5.70 ± 0.01 to 299.13 ± 10.19 μg/mL for EC50 values. Especially compound 5 had a very strong antioxidant effect based on five methods TAC (EC50 = 8.43 ± 0.15 μg/mL), RP (EC50 = 6.79 ± 003 μg/mL), FRAP (EC50 = 12.72 ± 006 μg/mL), DPPH (EC50 = 5.57 ± 0.02 µg/mL), and ABTS•+ (EC50 = 5.70 ± 0.01 μg/mL). From our results, Tay Ninh Province's E. asperula leaves are abundant in naturally occurring antioxidants, indicating their potential use as therapeutic materials.

Purpose - This study investigates how Digital Game-based Learning (DGBL) impacts the development of product innovation skills among undergraduate students, comparing the performance of students across different disciplines—Applied Arts (AA) and Applied Sciences (AS). Methodology - The study involved 80 undergraduate students: 40 students pursuing an AA degree and 40 pursuing an AS degree. The design of the innovation game incorporated cognitivist learning strategies based on Bloom’s taxonomy. Innovation skills were evaluated through an open-ended achievement test. Findings - The study revealed that DGBL effectively enhances product innovation skills by integrating cognitive strategies, and Bloom’s Taxonomy into guided answers, and open-ended achievement tests. AS students excelled in problem identification and idea creation, while AA students emphasised psychological, emotional factors and visualisation representation. Significance - The findings suggest promoting interdisciplinary collaboration among educators and policymakers to integrate aesthetics and technological knowledge. This approach enables students from diverse disciplines to leverage their strengths for holistic innovation. For practical applications, game designers and educators can model product innovation steps, offer guided answers, track progress and award virtual badges. The open-ended achievement test is a valuable tool for assessing innovation skills across diverse student backgrounds. Future studies should focus on integrating cognitivism and constructivism in collaborative learning, using generative AIassisted assessment, and bridging virtual idea generation with real-world product idea pitching using voice-input technologies. In conclusion, this study provides practical guidelines for implementing DGBL in product innovation, influencing education, policy-making, and design practices.

The rise and development of meta-universe technology provide innovative research perspectives for higher education, as well as more opportunities and challenges for the construction of educational and teaching platforms in higher education. In this paper, we design a questionnaire with reference to relevant research and the characteristics of higher education and use the questionnaire to collect data on students’ perceptions of teaching quality and related learning effects in higher education under the application of meta-universe technology. Then, we use correlation analysis and regression analysis to investigate the correlation and influence between the perceived quality of teaching and learning adaptability, academic mood, and learning motivation after the application of metaverse technology in higher education. It was found that the average degree of perceived quality of teaching and learning of higher education students in the environment of meta-universe technology was at a high level (40, P=0.002). All the factors of perceived quality of teaching, except for content interestingness, had a significant effect on students’ learning ability adaptation (P

This study applies an artificial intelligence (AI) method, informed by the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT), to predict the behavioral intentions of tourists in a healthy town in Yunnan. This study looks at online search data to guess when a lot of tourists will come by combining text mining with the SPCA-LSTM model. This model combines seasonal and trend decomposition using Loess (STL) with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks. The model is more accurate than traditional forecasting methods and provides a daily average tourist flow estimate of 3,247 with minimal prediction errors. The average absolute error of 806.4074 and the root mean square error (RMSE) of 959.775 further highlight the model’s performance. This research contributes significantly to tourism management and strategic planning, particularly in health-related destinations. The model provides a reliable benchmark for predicting tourist flows enhancing decision-making processes in the tourism sector.

Purpose: The multisystem clinical manifestations and complications of achondroplasia, the most common form of disproportionate short stature, can cause functional impairment and psychosocial burden. The Lifetime Impact Study for Achondroplasia (LISA), aimed to assess health-related quality of life and medical resource utilization among Latin America patients with achondroplasia. Methods: Data were collected from individuals aged 3 years and above in Argentina, Brazil, and Colombia between 2018 and 2021. A total of 172 patients participated in the study. Results: Children with achondroplasia reported lower scores compared with average stature children in Quality of Life in Short Stature Youth (QoLISSY) and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) questionnaires, with the greatest impact on physical and social domains. Among adolescents, a significant percentage reported pain, 10.3% experienced pain in 3 or more sites. Adults scored lower than the reference population in the EQ-5D-5L Visual Analog Score, and a considerable portion reported moderate to severe anxiety/depression, pain or discomfort, and mobility problems. The Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) revealed poor health status in terms of energy, pain, and mobility. Medical events, particularly musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders were reported, resulting in high medical resource utilization. Conclusion: Overall, the Lifetime Impact Study for Achondroplasia study provides extensive data on health-related quality of life, psychosocial impact, and health care resource utilization among individuals with achondroplasia in Latin America. The findings confirm a significant burden of illness across multiple domains for these individuals.

Objective: Cervical spine surgery may be needed in those with refractory pain or neurologic deficits to improve outcomes in patients with cervical spine disease. However, consensus varies in the literature on the effect of surgery on opioid use. The objectives of this study were to analyze prescription rates of multiple controlled substances before and after cervical spine surgery and distinguish factors that may have contributed to opioid use after surgery. Design: This is a retrospective cohort study analyzing prescription trends of various controlled substances in 632 patients who underwent cervical spine surgery from 2019 to 2021. Results: Opioids have the largest rise in prescriptions at 3- and 6-mo time points after cervical spine surgery. A significant association (P < 0.001) was found between opioid use 1 yr before and 1 yr after cervical spine surgery. Exposure to opioids before surgery (odds ratio = 2.77, 95% confidence interval = 1.43-5.51, P = 0.003) and higher morphine milligram equivalent dose (odds ratio = 1.02, 95% confidence interval =1.01-1.04, P = 0.012) were found to be associated with opioid use after surgery. Significantly more females were prescribed controlled substances (P = 0002). Conclusions: Higher morphine milligram equivalent dose and opioid exposure before surgery are important factors in predicting postsurgical opioid use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the process of hikers' choosing a destination, searching for information is one of the important elements, playing a decisive role in decision-making. Based on the Baidu Index for "hiking," this paper analyzes the spatial and temporal characteristics of and factors that influenced network attention to hiking in China from 2016 to 2021. The study found that (1) Network attention to hiking in China was generally relatively stable across the period studied, with highly uneven distribution between different months. The search volume was higher on weekends, and mobile searches increased year by year, far exceeding computer searches. (2) Different regions in China experienced different levels of network attention, with the highest levels in the east, followed by the center, and the lowest in the west. Except for East China, network attention to hiking was highly unevenly distributed within each region. (3) The COVID-19 pandemic increased the geographical concentration index and coefficient of variation but reduced the primacy index. A region's level of economic development, degree of network development, population size, and population age structure are proposed as factors that affect network attention to hiking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plexiform schwannomas representing a rare subset, comprise 5% of all schwannomas. However, their occurrence in the thyroid gland is exceptionally rare. A 32-year-old male presented with an incidentally discovered, asymptomatic thyroid mass. Imaging revealed an approximately 5 cm heterogeneous solid mass on the right thyroid lobe extending to the upper mediastinum and directly invading the upper trachea. Under the suspicion of thyroid malignancy, the patient underwent right thyroidectomy. Histological examination confirmed a plexiform schwannoma with S100-positive spindle cells. Currently, the patient is undergoing outpatient follow-up, with no reported complications. To our knowledge, this is the first documented case of plexiform schwannoma of the thyroid gland within the English literature. This case highlights the diverse and unpredictable clinical manifestations of thyroid masses, emphasizing the importance of a multidisciplinary approach for diagnosing and managing rare entities, such as thyroid gland schwannomas.