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Abstract: Significant intraventricular gradient development during exercise is rare, usually occurring with left ventricular hypertrophy. The etiopathogenesis consists of the increase in nonobstructive physiological gradients; ventricular cavitary obliteration with consequent end-systolic obstruction; and midsystolic obstruction caused by systolic anterior movement of the mitral valve compromising flow. A correlation between intraventricular gradient development and various symptoms has been established. Chest pain is common in children and is a frequent reason for referral to pediatric cardiologists. Despite the benign nature of most pediatric chest pain, extensive and costly cardiac evaluation is common in these patients. In the case presented here, we describe an adolescent rowing athlete with excruciating effort angina only during upright exercise, which was replicated while performing an exercise stress echocardiography., Competing Interests: The authors report no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

We read with interest the excellent review manuscript of Frederica Fogliazza et al [...].