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It is increasingly being realized that the ‘school climate’ is not always supportive, and in recent times a rapid innovation in digital communication has brought a significant threat to the wellbeing, safety, and development of adolescents. The Safe Communities Safe Schools (SCSS) Model, designed by the Center for Study and Prevention of Violence (CSPV) at the University of Colorado, U.S.A. has shown positive results in the global North. There is a need for equivalent interventions in the South where there are similar problems. This paper describes the process of cross-cultural translation and adaptation of the Indonesian version of an essential instrument in the SCSS Model: the Middle School Student Climate Survey. A mixed method approach was conducted. Linguistic adaptation was performed by researchers from Indonesia. The subsequent qualitative thematic adaptation was conducted with school teams from two selected middle schools in Banda Aceh who participated in focus group discussions to comment on the conceptual equivalence and wording of the instrument. The adapted instrument was analysed for content validity with 7 experts from different backgrounds. The instrument was pilot tested on 50 students in the selected schools. Researchers conducted reliability and factor analysis of the survey results to make additional modifications. The qualitative thematic adaptation resulted in contextual changes to the scales, designed to make the Indonesian version relevant to the local context but still comparable to the original English version. The CVI analysis resulted in excellent content validity of the instrument. The results of the pilot test for equivalence showed that 43 out of 56 scales had good reliability (Cronbach’s alpha > 0.7). Additional revisions were made to the 13 scales with Cronbach’s alphas lower than 0.7. The findings show that the methods used were successful in developing an adapted version of the SCSS Student Climate Survey for the Indonesian context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper intends to investigate the mediating role of cultural intelligence (also known as cultural quotient, CQ) among mainland students studying in Macau, as well as the relationship between coping strategies, social identity, and acculturative stress. It examines how CQ influences cross-cultural adaptation and life satisfaction through coping strategies, social identity, and acculturative stress. Data were collected by completing a questionnaire given to 610 mainland Chinese university students studying in Macau. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) statistical technique was utilised to analyze and examine the relationships within the research model. The results indicate that coping strategies and social identity are positively related to CQ, cross-cultural adaptation, and life satisfaction, while only acculturative stress is negatively related to CQ, cross-cultural adaptation, and life satisfaction. CQ has positive effects on cross-cultural adaptation and life satisfaction. Furthermore, the study supports the mediating effect of CQ on these relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To translate and culturally adapt the Core Outcome Measures Index for the back (COMI-back) into Thai and to evaluate its psychometric properties in Thai-speaking patients with low back pain (LBP). Methods: The translation process followed a standardized forward–backward method with two independent translators, followed by synthesis and back-translation. An expert committee reviewed the translations for cultural and conceptual equivalence. Pre-testing was done with Thai patients to refine the questionnaire. The validation study included 131 patients with LBP, who completed the Thai COMI-Back along with other validated questionnaires like the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and EQ-5D-5L. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Construct validity was determined by correlating COMI scores with those of reference scales. Results: The Thai COMI-Back exhibited strong reliability, with Cronbach's alpha values from 0.89 to 0.93 and ICC values over 0.80 for all domains. Construct validity was supported by significant correlations with reference scales, with Spearman's rho values ranging from 0.47 to 0.84. Floor and ceiling effects were acceptable for most items, with notable exceptions for symptom-specific well-being and work disability. Conclusion: The Thai COMI-Back shows strong psychometric properties, making it suitable for clinical and research use in Thailand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As advancements in technology rapidly progress and the enrollment of international students continues to increase concurrently, understanding the impact of social media on their experiences has become an area of significant academic interest in the recent decade. This integrative review employs a hybrid review approach, integrating bibliometric analysis with structured review, to provide a comprehensive overview and systematic synthesis of the literature on social media use among international students. One hundred twenty-one studies retrieved from the Web of Science database were analyzed to delineate the evolution of the field and identify the influential journals. The paper further proposes an integrative framework that thematically summarizes the phenomenon, aiming to highlight the potent components in students' transitions. This review offers insights into the evolving landscape of social media use among international students, identifying potential directions for future study and policymaking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) often experience persistent pain and functional impairment after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), which presents challenges for pain management. Accurate preoperative assessment of pain characteristics is crucial for tailoring individualized treatment plans. The PainDETECT Questionnaire has been widely used to identify neuropathic components in chronic pain and has been validated for its reliability and validity across various cultural contexts. However, a culturally adapted version tailored to Chinese patients is currently lacking. This study aims to translate and culturally adapt PainDETECT for Chinese patients and evaluate its validity in TKA patients in China. Methods: This study followed international guidelines to translate and adapt the PainDETECT Questionnaire (PDQ) into Chinese (PDQ-CV). A cohort of 241 knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients completed the PDQ-CV, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), EuroQol-5 Dimensions-5 Levels (EQ-5D-5 L), and Central Sensitization Inventory Chinese Version (CSI-CV). We assessed internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha and test-retest reliability via intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Construct and structural validity were evaluated through Pearson correlations and factor analyses. Results: The PDQ-CV demonstrated good acceptability among KOA patients, with no floor or ceiling effects observed. Internal consistency was high (Cronbach's α = 0.896), and test-retest reliability was excellent (ICC = 0.994; 95% CI: 0.943–1.045). The PDQ-CV total score showed significant positive correlations with WOMAC (r = 0.589, P < 0.01), EQ-5D-5 L (r = 0.533, P < 0.01), and CSI-CV (r = 0.776, P < 0.01). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) extracted two primary factors, corresponding to the sensory dimension (52.1% variance) and the affective dimension (16.3% variance), explaining a total variance of 68.4%. Conclusion: The PDQ-CV demonstrated good feasibility, reliability, and validity in Chinese KOA patients, supporting its use in clinical practice and providing a foundation for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To translate, cross-culturally adapt and validate the Serbian Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life (ASQoL) questionnaire, e.g. according to the new nomenclature Radiographic-Axial Spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA), and to relate it to disease activity and functional status domains. Methods: Four stages were accomplished: (1) Bilingual and lay panel for translation and cross-cultural adaptation (2) Cognitive debriefing interviews (assessing the language and cultural equivalence of the concepts used in the Serbian ASQoL translation) for face and content validity (3) Psychometric evaluation: (a) convergent validity by NHP as a comparator scale and (b) known group validity by correlations with disease activity and overall health status and reliability (internal consistency and test-retest reliability) (4) Independent regression analyses for relations between ASQoL and ASDAS, BASDAI, BASFI, Schober's test, respiratory index and SPARCC were used. The statistical program SPSS (version 21; IBM, Armonk, NY, USA) was used. Results: The bilingual panel made a unified version of the translated documents, a lay panel confirmed the clarity of the questionnaire. Cognitive debriefing interviews with 10 patients evaluated the Serbian ASQoL as clear, precise, easy to complete. The psychometric properties with 60 randomly selected patients showed good convergent validity between ASQoL and NHP domains of pain (r = 0.79), emotional reactions (r = 0.78), physical activity (r = 0.77) and energy (r = 0.75). The internal reliability was 0.95 and 0.91 (1st and 2nd administration), respectively, and the test-retest reliability was 0.84. Regression analyses showed highly significant relationships (p < 0.001) between ASQoL and ASDAS (R²=0.403), BASDAI (R²=0.564) and BASFI (R²=0.444). Conclusion: The Serbian ASQoL demonstrated good psychometric properties and significant relationships with disease activity and functional status and is recommended for quality of life assessment in Serbian-speaking ankylosing spondylitis (radiographic axial spondyloarthritis) patients, both in clinical practice and clinical research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patients with Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases, including axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), may suffer from stressors like pain and functional impairments leading to limitations in their self-perceived health status. The COping with Rheumatic Stressors (CORS) questionnaire was developed to analyze how patients cope with these stressors. The CORS is currently not available in German. Objective: First, to translate, cross-culturally adapt and to linguistically validate the original Dutch CORS into German. Second, to test the pre-final German translation through cognitive debriefing in patients with axSpA. Methodology: The original Dutch CORS underwent a multistep cross-cultural adaptation process, as described by Beaton. It was first independently translated into German by bilingual Dutch-German lay and expert translators. Subsequently, it was translated back from the German version into Dutch. Remaining discrepancies were resolved by a scientific committee, resulting in a pre-final German version. This version was then tested through cognitive debriefing by 10 patients with axSpA across a broad spectrum of sociodemographic backgrounds. Results: Forward and backward translations of the CORS revealed minor discrepancies, mainly based on the degree of formal versus informal language usage, minor semantic errors or unusual syntax, which led to minor modifications in the wording. Reviewed by the scientific committee, the pre-final consensus German version was linguistically validated by cognitive debriefing by 10 patients with axSpA. Cognitive debriefing confirmed and ensured closest linguistic validity for German in Germany and highest equivalence to the Dutch original version. Conclusion: The German CORS was shown to have high cross-cultural and face validity for the assessment of coping with rheumatic stressors. Key messages: • Cognitive debriefing revealed that the German CORS is highly relevant for patients with axSpA. • The German CORS has high cross-cultural validity to assess coping with rheumatic stressors. • The German CORS has closest linguistic validity and highest equivalence to the Dutch original version [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Attitudes and beliefs of social workers towards poverty and social exclusion affect the way they define the problem and their intervention methods to reduce or eliminate it. The present study was designed with the aim of translating, adapting, and standardizing the Persian version of the poverty attitude questionnaire among social workers and students in Iran and comparing their attitudes in 2021. Method: The methodology of this study was descriptive and validation, which was conducted in 2021 with the participation of 450 employed social workers and students who were selected by the available sampling method. After obtaining permission from the designers of the questionnaire, its translation was done in accordance with the standard protocol of the World Health Organization (WHO). The T-test and one-way analysis of variance were utilized to compare the attitudes of students and employed social workers. Findings: Content validity indices were obtained for the whole questionnaire CVR: 0.74 and S-CVI: 0.23. The results of the exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses extracted three factors: 'stereotypes', 'individual approach', and 'structural approach' from 15-items. Also, the reliability of the instrument was obtained using Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.68 and intra-cluster correlation of 0.75. There is a difference between the attitudes of employed social workers and students about poverty. Employed social workers were more inclined to social structure and stereotypes about poverty. Discussion: The 15-items Persian version of the attitude towards poverty in social workers had a relatively good validity and reliability. The use of this tool in future studies on the population of social workers is recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Dysphagia Handicap Index (DHI) is commonly utilized for evaluating how dysphagia impacts the quality of life (QoL) of patients across physical, functional, and emotional dimensions. The primary aim of the research was to linguistically validate and culturally adapt the DHI to the Bangla version. A cross-sectional study design was chosen, with Beaton's protocol as the guiding framework for validating and adapting the DHI. It has followed a systematic process of forward translation, participation in expert discussions, and subsequent back translation to obtain a reviewed version. The Bangla version, DHI-Ban, was administered purposefully to 50 dysphagia patients in the Clinical Speech and Language Therapy (SLT) Department of the Centre for the Rehabilitation of the Paralyzed (CRP) and was also administered to 50 healthy individuals for comparison. Of the fifty, eighteen dysphagia subjects were assigned again after two weeks for the retest. The DHI-Ban demonstrated strong internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.89) and good test-retest reproducibility (ICC = 0.86). The Spearman test confirmed significant construct validity (p < 0.01), and the Wilcoxon test identified significant differences (p < 0.001) between patients and healthy individuals. Feedback from participants was also taken into account for acceptance and clarity. In conclusion, the adapted DHI-Ban has emerged to be a reliable patient-reported tool for assessing dysphagia in Bangla-speaking individuals. Incorporating the Bangla language framework facilitates its comprehension and effectiveness, further solidifying its reliability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The literature stresses the importance of measuring the destination brand image to determine a successful tourism promotion strategy, a strategy that is likely to enhance the competitiveness and attractiveness of a destination in a highly competitive and changing environment. Measurement scales are commonly used by academics and practitioners. An empirical study was conducted with French tourists, regarded as the main source market for the competing destinations of Tunisia and Spain. In light of a prior qualitative study, the brand image was quantitatively measured using semantic differential scales taken from the literature and adapted following expert advice. The results raised the issue of the international adaptation of measurement scales, despite the proper use of the operative procedures for measurement scales valid in several countries. The main objective of the present study is to raise a methodological issue regarding the desirable degree of adaptation of the measurement scales used by Destination Marketing Organizations while taking into account the validity and reliability constraints of the tools. To what extent is the adapted version of the chosen scale equivalent to the source version? The present study, conducted on two destinations and different cultural contexts, shows that a rigorous adaptation might lead to a loss of about 40% of the original scales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Objectives To translate, cross-culturally adapt and validate the Serbian Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life (ASQoL) questionnaire, e.g. according to the new nomenclature Radiographic-Axial Spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA), and to relate it to disease activity and functional status domains. Methods Four stages were accomplished: (1) Bilingual and lay panel for translation and cross-cultural adaptation (2) Cognitive debriefing interviews (assessing the language and cultural equivalence of the concepts used in the Serbian ASQoL translation) for face and content validity (3) Psychometric evaluation: (a) convergent validity by NHP as a comparator scale and (b) known group validity by correlations with disease activity and overall health status and reliability (internal consistency and test-retest reliability) (4) Independent regression analyses for relations between ASQoL and ASDAS, BASDAI, BASFI, Schober’s test, respiratory index and SPARCC were used. The statistical program SPSS (version 21; IBM, Armonk, NY, USA) was used. Results The bilingual panel made a unified version of the translated documents, a lay panel confirmed the clarity of the questionnaire. Cognitive debriefing interviews with 10 patients evaluated the Serbian ASQoL as clear, precise, easy to complete. The psychometric properties with 60 randomly selected patients showed good convergent validity between ASQoL and NHP domains of pain (r = 0.79), emotional reactions (r = 0.78), physical activity (r = 0.77) and energy (r = 0.75). The internal reliability was 0.95 and 0.91 (1st and 2nd administration), respectively, and the test-retest reliability was 0.84. Regression analyses showed highly significant relationships (p

Abstract The Dysphagia Handicap Index (DHI) is commonly utilized for evaluating how dysphagia impacts the quality of life (QoL) of patients across physical, functional, and emotional dimensions. The primary aim of the research was to linguistically validate and culturally adapt the DHI to the Bangla version. A cross-sectional study design was chosen, with Beaton’s protocol as the guiding framework for validating and adapting the DHI. It has followed a systematic process of forward translation, participation in expert discussions, and subsequent back translation to obtain a reviewed version. The Bangla version, DHI-Ban, was administered purposefully to 50 dysphagia patients in the Clinical Speech and Language Therapy (SLT) Department of the Centre for the Rehabilitation of the Paralyzed (CRP) and was also administered to 50 healthy individuals for comparison. Of the fifty, eighteen dysphagia subjects were assigned again after two weeks for the retest. The DHI-Ban demonstrated strong internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.89) and good test-retest reproducibility (ICC = 0.86). The Spearman test confirmed significant construct validity (p

Background: Many serious adverse events associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) can be mitigated by timely glucose control during pregnancy, achieved through education and lifestyle choices. The aim of this study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt and test the preliminary internal consistency and test-retest reliability of the South African English, Afrikaans and isiXhosa versions of the GDM Knowledge Questionnaire (GDMKQ). Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted at a high-risk antenatal clinic in South Africa. Pregnant women ≥ 18 years with GDM were consecutively sampled. Semantic equivalence between the original and adapted versions was assessed. Face and content validity, internal consistency and test–retest reliability were evaluated. Results: The three SA-GDMKQ versions demonstrated good face and content validity. For internal consistency, Cronbach’s alpha values were 0.534 for the Afrikaans version, 0.434 for the English version and 0.621 for the isiXhosa version. Test–retest reliability found kappa (standard error [s.e.]) values ranged between −0.03 (0.18) and 0.89 (0.13) for the English version, between −0.07 (0.18) and 0.53 (0.13) for the Afrikaans version and between 0.28 (0.18) and 0.87 (0.17) for the isiXhosa version. All versions of the SA-GDMKQ had a statistically significant (p 0.001) positive linear correlation between the total scores. Conclusion: The English, Afrikaans and isiXhosa SA-GDMKQ versions were found to be feasible and easy to comprehend, although lower internal consistency and test–retest reliability were displayed. Further validation of the psychometric properties of the English, Afrikaans and isiXhosa versions of the SA-GDMKQ among larger sample groups is however warranted. Contribution: This study adds to the knowledge around developing and using culturally appropriate questionnaires and outcome measures in research and clinical practice.

Abstract Background and Aims A decline in function related to impairment in cognitive abilities is required for diagnosing dementia. Cultural diversity influences everyday functioning, suggesting that functional assessment tools need to be culturally dependent. Therefore, this systematized review aimed to explore the translation and cross‐cultural adaptation of functional assessment tools designed to support dementia diagnosis. Methods A systematic search of five electronic databases (CINAHL Plus, EMBASE, PubMed/MEDLINE, PsycINFO) was conducted from inception until September 2023. Quality assessment criteria were then utilized to evaluate the process of cross‐cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of identified functional assessment tools. Results Fifteen studies relating to adapted functional assessment tools in 11 languages were identified. It was found that less than half of these studies fully adhered to established guidelines for the translation and cross‐cultural adaptation of instruments. Regarding psychometric properties, while the internal consistency and reliability of included measures were generally strong, there was variability in evaluating other psychometric properties, notably structural validity, measurement error, and cross‐cultural validity. Conclusions This review underscores the need for researchers and clinicians to follow standardized guidelines for translating and cross‐culturally adapting functional assessment tools for dementia and ensuring the comprehensive evaluation of psychometric properties in cross‐cultural settings. Researchers and clinicians should consider whether the psychometric properties and characteristics of an adapted functional activity measure are suitable for use in their population of interest.

Background: The Voice Disability Coping Questionnaire (VDCQ) is a valuable tool for assessing coping strategies in individuals with voice disorders. The scarcity of evidence on coping strategies for voice-related problems globally highlights the need to establish the validity and reliability of the VDCQ in specific populations and languages. Cross-cultural adaptation is necessary to ensure the tool's linguistic and cultural relevance for Tamil-speaking individuals with dysphonia., Objectives: This study aimed to cross-culturally adapt the VDCQ into Tamil (VDCQ-T) and evaluate its validity and reliability for use in Tamil-speaking populations with voice disorders., Method: The study followed a standardized process for translation and cultural adaptation, involving forward translation, expert panel review, back-translation, and pilot testing. Content validity was assessed by a panel of five speech-language pathologists, three Tamil language experts, and feedback from participants. The VDCQ-T was administered to 150 participants (75 with voice disorders and 75 controls). Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to extract factors, and the questionnaire's reliability was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha and test-retest reliability with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC)., Results: PCA revealed four distinct factors: social support (factor I), passive coping (factor II), avoidance (factor III), and information seeking (factor IV). The questionnaire demonstrated high internal consistency with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.909, and test-retest reliability showed an ICC of 0.782. The VDCQ-T showed significant differences between the voice disorder group and the control group, confirming its construct validity. Although subgroup analysis for specific voice disorders was limited, the results suggest that the tool is broadly applicable to individuals with dysphonia., Conclusions: VDCQ-T is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing coping strategies in Tamil-speaking individuals with voice disorders. The findings emphasize the importance of social support in managing dysphonia. Future studies should explore subgroup differences and include a more diverse sample to enhance generalizability., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2025 The Voice Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest We wish to confirm that there are no known conflicts of interest associated with this publication and there has been no significant financial support for this work that could have influenced its outcome.

Problem: Challenges faced during the initial phase of breastfeeding contribute significantly to the cessation of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers within the first 6 months. Therefore, evaluating these challenges from a psychological perspective has immense clinical and research importance., Background: The Existential Breastfeeding Difficulty Scale (ExBreastS) is a self-reported questionnaire designed to assess the psychological challenges of mothers during early breastfeeding. Its reliability and validity has been tested in Sweden and Turkey based on the classical test theory., Aim: This study aims to translate and culturally adapt the ExBreastS into Chinese, while incorporating the classical test theory and item response theory to comprehensively evaluate the scale's psychometric properties., Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. After completing the translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the ExBreastS, 520 participants were recruited between January and April 2024. The participants, were 0-3 months postpartum, had singleton-term deliveries, were breastfeeding, and completed the Chinese version of the ExBreastS. Afterwards, the psychometric properties of the ExBreastS were thoroughly evaluated., Findings: The Cronbach's α coefficient for the ExBreastS was 0.884, with subscale coefficients ranging from 0.757 to 0.824. The difficulty parameters for each item ranged from -1.125 to 4.072, and the discrimination parameters ranged from 1.048 to 3.339. Furthermore, this scale exhibited substantial measurement information when latent trait levels were between -2 and 4., Discussion and Conclusion: The Chinese version of the ExBreastS is reliable for evaluating early breastfeeding challenges in mothers, and could aid healthcare professionals in screening and identifying mothers at risk of discontinuing breastfeeding., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest We confirm that there are no financial or other conflicts of interest related to this manuscript., (Copyright © 2025. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Aim: To cross-culturally adapt a framework for person-centred leadership in residential care for older people in Sweden., Design: This study has an exploratory and descriptive design., Methods: The translation procedure followed a cyclic process of translation into Swedish and back-translation into English by two independent bilingual linguists. An evaluation of conceptual and semantic equivalence and comprehensiveness between the original English version and the translated Swedish version was performed by an expert committee. The translated version of the framework was validated by leaders (n = 34) in residential care, who assessed its relevance through a web form. The adaptation of the framework followed recommended guidelines for cross-cultural adaptation., Results: The translation procedure resulted in two minor changes related to the wording in two descriptors. The results of the validation procedure showed that the framework is relevant for leaders in Swedish residential care for older people., Conclusion: The cross-culturally adapted framework is useful and suitable for leaders in Swedish residential care for older people. The framework clarifies the leader's role and identifies leadership attributes and requirements for person-centred leadership in residential care, thereby providing support to leaders by framing person-centred leadership., Implications for the Profession And/or Patient Care: The framework can be used as a guide for leadership training and/or development initiatives in residential care. It can be further extended to nursing curriculums, leadership development programs, and organisational performance and development processes. It may also provide a foundation for policy and guidelines by establishing the activities required for leaders to promote person-centredness in the care of older people., Reporting Method: This study followed the STROBE checklist for cross-sectional studies., Patient and Public Contribution: There was no patient or public contribution., (© 2025 The Author(s). Journal of Clinical Nursing published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Background: Adherence in rehabilitation services includes attending appointments, regularly performing prescribed exercises, and correct exercise execution. The Exercise Adherence Rating Scale (EARS) has been adapted into several languages, but there is lack of a standardized tool for various Indian languages and cultural contexts, particularly for use with cancer survivors. With the anticipated 57.7% rise in cancer cases by 2040, this study aims to address this gap., Aims and Objectives: To cross-culturally adapt EARS to Kannada (EARS-Kn) and evaluate its validity and reliability amongst HNC survivors enrolled in the Multimodal Oncology Rehabilitation Exercise-MORE © Program., Methodology: Following Beaton guidelines, the EARS tool was adapted to Kannada. 34 HNC survivors engaged in the MORE © program. Internal consistency (Cronbach's ⍺) and construct validity (Exploratory Factor Analysis, EFA) were assessed. The Receiver Operating Curve (ROC) determined cut-off scores, sensitivity and specificity of the EARS-Kn., Results: The EARS-Kn demonstrated a Cronbach's-⍺ value of .93. The EFA revealed a one-factor solution with eigenvalues exceeding one and 70.1% loading. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.908. A cut-off score of 17 was established, with 95.83% sensitivity and 80% specificity., Conclusion: The EARS-Kn version showed strong validity and reliability among Kannada-speaking HNC survivors, indicating its potential to enhance the understanding of exercise adherence among them. Future studies could explore the EARS-Kn version among diverse populations prescribed various rehabilitation regimes. Studies could also further investigate psychometric properties of the EARS in different Indian languages among cancer survivors, which would help improve survivorship outcomes., Competing Interests: Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.