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Manufacturing aqueous batteries based on the magnesium cations is an important step towards more sustainable and safer energy storage solutions. Thus, it is important to understand how these systems age and which species are formed throughout numerous charge/discharge cycles. To this end, we have used radiolysis to induce accelerated ageing in concentrated aqueous solutions of magnesium bistriflimide Mg(TFSI)2 (also called "water‐in‐salt electrolytes" or WISEs). We demonstrate in this work that the degradation products formed, whether in the gas or liquid phase, are very similar to those formed in concentrated LiTFSI aqueous solutions. In fact, the behavior under ionizing radiation is driven by the anion/water molar ratio regardless of whether the cation is Li+ or Mg2+. This is because both cations are non‐reactive, and the bond strengths in the TFSI− anion do not vary with the nature of the cation. Reaction mechanisms are proposed to explain the formation of several species under ionizing radiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Breast cancer ranks as the most prevalent cancer among women. Current screening includes regular mammography and subsequent biopsy if the mammography results are abnormal. These procedures are costly and uncomfortable. We propose an alternative non-invasive method based on X-ray scattering. Using a machine learning approach, we have examined almost 3000 measurements of cancerous and non-cancerous samples belonging to 110 patients and shown excellent results on cancer/non-cancer separation. This can lead to patient-friendly, fast, and economical solutions for breast cancer screening to complement mammography and reduce biopsy. It should be emphasized that this approach can be readily extended to other types of cancer and even other diseases. With breast cancer being one of the most widespread causes of death for women, there is an unmet need for its early detection. For this purpose, we propose a non-invasive approach based on X-ray scattering. We measured samples from 107 unique patients provided by the Breast Cancer Now Tissue Biobank, with the total dataset containing 2958 entries. Two different sample-to-detector distances, 2 and 16 cm, were used to access various structural biomarkers at distinct ranges of momentum transfer values. The biomarkers related to lipid metabolism are consistent with those of previous studies. Machine learning analysis based on the Random Forest Classifier demonstrates excellent performance metrics for cancer/non-cancer binary decisions. The best sensitivity and specificity values are 80% and 92%, respectively, for the sample-to-detector distance of 2 cm and 86% and 83% for the sample-to-detector distance of 16 cm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Picosecond pulse radiolysis measurements were employed to assess the effectiveness of N3− in scavenging quasi-free electrons in aqueous solutions. The absorption spectra of hydrated electrons were recorded within a 100 ps timeframe across four distinct solutions with N3− concentrations of 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 M in water. The results revealed a concentration-dependent shift in the maximum absorption spectra of fully solvated electrons. Notably, at 5 M concentration, the maximum absorption occurred at 670 nm, in contrast to 715 nm observed for water. Intriguingly, the formation yield of hydrated electrons within the initial 5 ps electron pulse remained unaffected, showing that, even at a concentration of 5 M, N3− does not effectively scavenge quasi-free electrons. This is in disagreement with conclusions from stochastic models found in the literature. This observation has an important impact on understanding the mechanism of H2 formation in water radiolysis, which we discuss briefly here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Picosecond pulse radiolysis measurements were employed to assess the effectiveness of N 3 in scavenging quasi-free electrons in aqueous solutions. The absorption spectra of hydrated electrons were recorded within a 100 ps timeframe across four distinct solutions with N - concentrations of 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 M in water. The results revealed a concentration-dependent shift in the maximum absorption spectra of fully solvated electrons. Notably, at 5 M concentration, the maximum absorption occurred at 670 nm, in contrast to 715 nm observed for water. Intriguingly, the formation yield of hydrated electrons within the initial 5 ps electron pulse remained unaffected, showing that, even at a concentration of 5 M, N 3 - concentrations of 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 M in water. The results revealed a concentration-dependent shift in the maximum absorption spectra of fully solvated electrons. Notably, at 5 M concentration, the maximum absorption occurred at 670 nm, in contrast to 715 nm observed for water. Intriguingly, the formation yield of hydrated electrons within the initial 5 ps electron pulse remained unaffected, showing that, even at a concentration of 5 M, N 3 - does not effectively scavenge quasi-free electrons. This is in disagreement with conclusions from stochastic models found in the literature. This observation has an important impact on understanding the mechanism of H 2 formation in water radiolysis, which we discuss briefly here.