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We consider priority-based school choice problems with farsighted students. We show that a singleton set consisting of the matching obtained from the Top Trading Cycles (TTC) mechanism is a farsighted stable set. However, the matching obtained from the Deferred Acceptance (DA) mechanism may not belong to any farsighted stable set. Hence, the TTC mechanism provides an assignment that is not only Pareto efficient but also farsightedly stable. Moreover, looking forward three steps ahead is already sufficient for stabilizing the matching obtained from the TTC. In addition, we show that variations of TTC that improve in terms of no justified envy are farsightedly stable, but may require more farsightedness on behalf of students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social comparisons are one of the most ubiquitous behaviors that individuals, groups, and firms undertake. In particular, social comparison theory is based upon the premise that actors are motivated to engage in comparisons and that decisions throughout this process impact employees' core self-evaluations, team relations, executives' behaviors, firm prestige, and more. However, despite the prevalence of the phenomenon—and thereby the frequent application of the theory in organizational studies—a synopsis of the theory's underpinnings and extant findings remains absent. Here, we present a state-of-the-art review that summarizes the theory's history and mechanics and critically examines how social comparison theory has been applied in organizational studies across multiple levels of analysis. In particular, we identify several problems within the literature, including patterns of theoretical imprecision when applying the theory, lopsided attention paid to the micro-level of analysis, and an underappreciation of subjective comparisons. In addition to discussing the extant literature and common methodological approaches, we present a simplified model of social comparisons. Based on this new theory-building, we discuss ways the field can move forward to reconcile some of the identified problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The association between online social networking sites (SNS) and the mental health of adolescents has been a subject of investigation, yielding conflicting results in previous studies. While some findings suggest a negative correlation between SNS usage and mental health, others propose a positive link. This study aimed to reconcile these discrepancies by examining the combined impact of two types of SNS usage on depression, considering envy and self-esteem as potential mediators. A total of 523 participants completed a questionnaire assessing SNS usage, envy, self-esteem, and depression. The Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) approach was employed. The results revealed distinct patterns in the relationship between SNS usage and depression based on guided theories. Specifically, passive social network usage (PSNU) was found to be positively linked to depression through both envy and self-esteem, aligning with the Social Comparison Theory. On the other hand, active social network usage (ASNU), guided by the Social Information Processing Theory, exhibited a negative link to depression, mediated only by self-esteem. These findings suggest that PSNU may exert a more prevalent and dominant association with depression than ASNU. Consequently, recognizing the distinct patterns of SNS usage is essential for understanding their effects on mental health. Integrating both ASNU and PSNU into the same model clarified their unique contributions to mental health through multiple mediators (envy and self-esteem). The study discusses limitations and implications, shedding light on the nuanced relationship. • A multivariate model may be more appropriate than a univariate model when applying the active-passive dichotomy approach. • Passive social network usage was found to be positively linked to depression through both envy and self-esteem. • Active social network usage exhibited a negative link to depression, mediated only by self-esteem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The high school stage is a critical period for students to develop their perspectives on life and to form healthy relationships with others. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between social comparison orientation and malicious envy among high school students, as well as the mediating effects of avoidance goal orientation and negative rumination. A survey was conducted with 643 high school students, employing the Iowa-Netherlands Comparison Orientation Measure, the Avoidance Goal Orientation Scale, the Negative Rumination Scale, and the Malicious Envy Scale. The findings indicated that: (1) there is a significant positive association between social comparison orientation, avoidance goal orientation, negative rumination, and malicious envy; (2) social comparison orientation does not directly and significantly predict malicious envy among high school students when avoidance goal orientation and negative rumination are considered as mediating factors; (3) social comparison orientation indirectly affects the negative rumination of high school students through the independent and chain mediating effects of avoidance goal orientation and negative rumination. This research sheds light on the underlying mechanisms by which social comparison orientation influences malicious envy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although cross-sectional studies have explored the correlation between envy and loneliness, few longitudinal studies have investigated the bidirectional association between envy and loneliness at both trait and state levels. Here, through a longitudinal study and a daily diary investigation, we examined the interrelationships between envy and loneliness at both trait and state levels. In study 1, 288 college students answered the Dispositional Envy Scale (DES) and UCLA Loneliness Scale (UCL-8 Scale) twice with a one-year interval. The results of cross-lagged analysis indicated that dispositional envy could predict trait loneliness, while not vice versa. In study 2, using the adapted items form DES and UCL-8, a 14-day diary survey from a sample of 195 college students was conducted to investigate the interrelationship between state envy and state loneliness. The results of multivariate latent growth models and hierarchical linear models indicated that state envy could positively predict state loneliness and vice versa. Taken together, these findings uncover the bidirectional relationship between envy and loneliness at both the trait and state levels.