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Pregnancy in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) represents a significant challenge for nephrologists and healthcare professionals involved in the care pathway, especially in advanced stages of the disease and during dialysis. From an epidemiological standpoint, the exact percentage of women with CKD who become pregnant is unknown. It is estimated that stages 1 and 2 of kidney disease (where kidney function is still preserved or mildly impaired with persistent albuminuria) affect up to 3% of women of childbearing age (20-39 years), while stages 3-5 (glomerular filtration rate

Introduction: Nursing care, despite constituting a significant portion of healthcare costs, often remains overlooked in healthcare data systems, which primarily focus on medical data. Incorporating standardized nursing language (SNL) into electronic health records has shown promise in predicting outcomes across various clinical settings. However, nurses' unfamiliarity with standardized terminologies poses a significant barrier to their implementation. NANDA-International (NANDA-I) nursing diagnoses (NDs) offer a standardized framework, yet their application in mental health (MH) settings remains underexplored. Objectives: The MINDSET study aims to establish a consensus among mental health nurses to develop a subset of nursing diagnoses tailored for MH and addiction EHRs. Methods: A multi-phase e-Delphi study will involve mental health nurses experienced in NANDA-I NDs from various countries. Through successive rounds of surveys, experts will assess the relevance of NDs in MH settings, with consensus determining the final subset. Results: The expected outcome is a concise subset of nursing diagnoses agreed upon by experts, facilitating their integration into clinical practice. This subset may offer nurses a manageable set of diagnoses closely aligned with MH contexts, enhancing their applicability and utility in daily care. Subsequent research could explore the prevalence of these diagnoses in MH settings and their associations with patient outcomes. Impact: The development of a tailored subset of nursing diagnoses holds potential to enhance nursing practice in MH settings, enabling more effective assessment and intervention strategies, ultimately improving patient outcomes.

Carbon fiber composites have emerged as a transformative technology, offering a fascinating alternative to traditional materials like aluminum and steel. Their unique combination of high strength, stiffness, and reduced density makes them an ideal choice for lightweight structural components, an attribute that aligns with the pursuit of fuel-efficient and eco-friendly aircraft designs. With the continuous race between countries and research organizations to find new materials that satisfies the above-mentioned characteristics, this article highlights the utilization of a new Ultra-Light Carbon-based Composite (ULCC) in the aeronautical sector developed within the industrial research project TERSA (Radar technologies for autonomus flying vehicles or TEcnologie Radar per Sistemi aerei a pilotaggio remoto (SAPR) Autonomi in italian). The composite material has been developed with the aim of achieving superior performance and efficiency compared to existing products on the market. To evaluate its effectiveness, first, the mechanical properties of the ULCC have been compared to T300/Epoxy and T1000/Epoxy, two of the materials commonly used in aeronautical industry and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Second, finite element models were employed to verify and analyze the dynamic properties of aeronautical structural components made of ULCC. The results indicate that the new carbon-based composite exhibits remarkable strength-to-weight ratio, enhanced durability, and offering significant advantages in terms of weight reduction and overall performance. These findings validate its potential as a viable alternative in aeronautical industry.

The increasing presence of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (CF3CH2F) in the atmosphere has prompted detailed studies into its complex photodissociation behavior. Experiments focusing on CF3CH2F irradiation have unveiled an array of ions, with the persistent observation of the rearrangement product CHF2+ not yet fully understood. In this work, we combine density functional theory, coupled-cluster calculations with a complete basis set formalism, and atom-centered density matrix propagation molecular dynamics to investigate the energetics and dynamics of different potential pathways leading to CHF2+. We found that the two-body dissociation pathway involving an HF rearrangement, which was previously considered complex for CHF2+ formation, is actually straightforward but not likely due to the facile loss of HF. In contrast, our calculations reveal that the H elimination pathway, once thought of as a potential route to CHF2+, is not only comparably disadvantageous from both thermodynamic and kinetic points of view but also does not align with experimental data, particularly the lack of a rebound peak at m/z 101–102. We establish that the formation of CHF2+ is predominantly via the HF elimination channel, a conclusion experimentally corroborated by studies involving the trifluoroethylene cation CF2CHF+, a key intermediate in this process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We describe a "discretize-then-relax" strategy to globally minimize integral functionals over functions u in a So bolev space subject to Dirichlet boundary conditions. The strategy applies whenever the integral functional depends polynomially on u and its derivatives, even if it is nonconvex. The "discretize" step uses a bounded finite element scheme to approximate the integral minimization problem with a convergent hierarchy of polynomial optimization problems over a compact feasible set, indexed by the decreasing size h of the finite element mesh. The "relax" step employs sparse moment-sum-of-squares relaxations to approximate each polynomial optimization problem with a hierarchy of convex semidefinite programs, indexed by an increasing relaxation order w. We prove that, as w → ∞ and h → 0, solutions of such semidefinite programs provide approximate minimizers that converge in a suitable sense (including in certain Lp norms) to the global minimizer of the original integral functional if it is unique. We also report computational experiments showing that our numerical strategy works well even when technical conditions required by our theoretical analysis are not satisfied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The specific objective of this study is to analyze the dynamics of functionally graded carbon nanotubes (FGCNT) reinforced double plates. Connected via an elastic layer, the plates have simply supported boundary conditions. In the current study, three carbon nanotubes functionally graded patterns, varying in the thickness direction are considered, including uniformly distributed, functionally graded O-pattern, and functionally graded X-pattern. Following the development of the coupled equations of motion using the Hamilton principle while considering the influences of the elastic layer, the equations are subsequently solved utilizing a two-spatial-variable modal decomposition method. For verification purposes, the equations developed are compared to simplified configurations provided in the existing studies. The solution methodology is verified through comparing against numerical results of simplified configurations of plates obtained from the development of the finite element method and existing studies. Both verifications have shown very good agreement. Influences of plates' dimensions, carbon nanotubes reinforcement, and the stiffness of elastic layer are analyzed and provided in this study. The transverse-motion natural frequencies of the double plates are also identified, and they follow a decreasing trend as the aspect ratio increases for all the cases. The fundamental lateral-motion and axial-motion natural frequency also follows a similar trend as the aspect ratio increases. The reinforcement effect of carbon nanotubes on the transverse-motion natural frequencies is less obvious for thinner plates. An increase in the elastic layer stiffness increases the second series transverse-motion natural frequencies of the double-plate system. Among the considered functionally graded patterns, the functionally graded X-pattern reinforcement provides the largest increase in the transverse-motion natural frequencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is an additive manufacturing technique widely used for rapid prototyping. This method facilitates the creation of parts with intricate geometries, making it suitable for advanced applications in fields such as tissue engineering, aerospace, and electronics. Despite its advantages, FDM often results in the formation of voids between the deposited filaments, which can compromise mechanical properties. However, in some cases, such as the design of scaffolds for bone regeneration, increased porosity can be advantageous as it allows for better permeability. On the other hand, the introduction of nano-additives into the FDM material enhances design flexibility and can significantly improve the mechanical properties. Therefore, modelling FDM-produced components involves complexities at two different scales: nanoscales and microscales. Material deformation is primarily influenced by atomic-scale phenomena, especially with nanoscopic constituents, whereas the distribution of nano-reinforcements and FDM-induced heterogeneities lies at the microscale. This work presents multiscale modelling that bridges the nano and microscales to predict the mechanical properties of FDM-manufactured components. At the nanoscale, molecular dynamic simulations unravel the atomistic intricacies that dictate the behaviour of the base material containing nanoscopic reinforcements. Simulations are conducted on polylactic acid (PLA) and PLA reinforced with silver nanoparticles, with the properties derived from MD simulations transferred to the microscale model. At the microscale, non-classical micropolar theory is utilised, which can account for materials' heterogeneity through internal scale parameters while avoiding direct discretization. The developed mechanical model offers a comprehensive framework for designing 3D-printed PLA nanocomposites with tailored mechanical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]