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Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze the effects of 16 weeks of Jazz Dance training compared to a control group in postmenopausal women, postintervention, and at the 6- and 12-month follow-ups, on cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, muscle strength, and sleep quality., Methods: Two-arm randomized clinical trial with a total of 47 women (jazz dance intervention group [JDIG] [n = 23] and control group (CG) [n = 24]) with a mean age of 53.41 ± 2.8 y. Data collection was carried out at four times, baseline, postintervention, and 6- and 12-month follow-ups using the 6-minute walk test (cardiorespiratory fitness); bioimpedance (body composition); isokinetic dynamometry (muscle strength); and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (sleep quality)., Results: In the intention-to-treat analysis, the results showed positive differences for the JDIG in cardiorespiratory fitness at all time points (P = 0.034) and in the group x time interaction (P = <0.001). Lower limb muscle strength showed differences from baseline to postintervention and from baseline to the 12-month follow-up for the concentric force ratio (P = 0.021; P = 0.009). However, for peak extension and flexion, the results were not positive for the JDIG. There was a short-term improvement in sleep duration for the JDIG (P = 0.001) and significant intergroup differences in subjective sleep quality, where the JDIG showed better results compared to the CG (P = 0.041)., Conclusions: Jazz Dance is effective for improving cardiorespiratory fitness (in the short, medium, and long term) and sleep quality (in the short and medium term); however, it does not seem to have presented sufficient intensity and duration for facilitating changes in body composition or increasing lower limb muscle strength in postmenopausal women., Competing Interests: Financial disclosure/conflicts of interest: None reported., (Copyright © 2024 by The Menopause Society.)