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IntroductionThe US plays a crucial role in screening Asian women for breast disease. ABUS offers several advantages over traditional HHUS, including quicker examination, objectivity, and the ability to store and reconstruct images. This study marks the first large-scale opportunistic screening of ABUS in the population.MethodsBetween January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2019, 10,537 women aged 35–75 years from nine districts were randomly assigned to either HHUS or ABUS groups. Diagnostic methods were quantified, and comparisons were made using the Chi-square test.ResultsThe screening groups consisted of 5,445 participants for HHUS and 4,936 for ABUS. The HHUS and ABUS groups identified 90 carcinomas and 292 benign lesions or 71 carcinomas and 178 benign lesions, respectively. SE), SP, AC, PPV, and NPV for HHUS were 51.11%, 93.84%, 93.13%, 12.23%, and 99.13%, respectively, while for ABUS, they were 66.20%, 93.77%, 93.38%, 13.43%, and 98.98%. The area under the curve (AUC) values for HHUS and ABUS were 0.72 (95% CI: 0.67–0.78) and 0.86 (95% CI: 0.82–0.91), respectively, indicating superior diagnostic performance of ABUS over HHUS (Delong test p < 0.05).DiscussionABUS is user-friendly, requires minimal training, reduces reliance on examiner experience, and demonstrates potential for superior sensitivity compared to HHUS in breast cancer screening.

Summary: Surface water in rivers is vital for human society. However, our current understanding of the dynamics and drivers of river flows relies predominantly on stream gauging data, which are limited in spatial coverage and involve significant costs. Remote sensing techniques have emerged as complementary tools for monitoring river discharge, but these satellite-based methods often require complex data processing. This paper introduces a simple, yet effective and robust methodology to understand river discharge, using Australian rivers as a case study. Our findings reveal that changes in relative surface water extent within river basins can effectively capture river discharge dynamics. Moreover, we observe a linear relationship between relative surface water extent and river discharge in hilly basins and a quadratic relationship in flat basins. The new approach helps monitor river flows in ungauged river basins, and it has the potential to bridge the gap between local and regional understandings of water dynamics.

Background/objectives: Apis cerana development is described as comprising four stages: embryo, larva, pupa, and adult. There are significant differences between workers and drones in terms of physiological functions and social roles, and the formation of the organ primordia occurs during the embryonic stage. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the differential expression of and alternative splicing of genes in worker and drone embryos and to explain their unique developmental patterns., Methods: Long-read sequencing (PacBio Iso-Seq) and short-read sequencing (Illumina RNA-Seq) were used to investigate worker and drone embryo gene expression differences in A. cerana across five developmental points (12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 h)., Results: The study identified 59,254 common isoforms, with 5744 and 5106 isoforms specific to worker and drone embryos, respectively. Additionally, a new transcript of the csd gene was identified. The number of differentially expressed genes (3391) and differential splicing events (470 genes) peaked at the 24-h embryonic stage. Differential splicing events of csd , dsx , and Y-y were observed in the worker and drone embryos., Conclusions: The gene expression results indicated that the 24-h embryonic point is a critical period for the expression of genes related to developmental and behavioral differences between workers and drones. The findings provide a theoretical basis for future research on the developmental differences between workers and drones.