18 results on '"Freudenburg, William R."'
Search Results
2. Socioenvironmental Injustice across the Global Divide: Slow Violence and Institutional Betrayal in Bhopal and Flint.
- Author
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Deb, Nikhil and Seamster, Louise
- Subjects
SLOW violence ,POISONS ,BETRAYAL ,LEAD in water ,GOVERNMENT agencies - Abstract
This paper explores the connections between two seemingly disparate cases of socioenvironmental injustice: Flint's water crisis in Michigan, USA, and Union Carbide's toxic chemical release in Bhopal, India. Engaging our empirical and theoretical insights from these two cases, this paper illustrates how marginalized people in distant settings can face similar socioenvironmental struggles. Considering Bhopal and Flint as instances of slow violence and institutional betrayal, the article makes two key arguments. First, treating these crises as discrete events obscures their sustained assault on people deemed expendable by their governments. Second, institutions charged with protecting people in distress can magnify and extend suffering. The paper analyzes institutional betrayal as a mechanism of slow violence: survivors can suffer lingering consequences when seeking restitution from regulatory bodies that may be responsible or complicit. We find that government responses and denials have caused prolonged violence in these regions. The paper concludes by urging scholars to compare socioenvironmental injustice globally, to believe residents, and to reject false end dates for crises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. How Local Perceptions Contribute to Urban Environmental Activism: Evidence from the Chicago Metropolitan Area.
- Author
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Vivas Bastidas, Juanita, Akchurin, Maria, Garbarski, Dana, and Doherty, David
- Subjects
METROPOLITAN areas ,CITY dwellers ,ENVIRONMENTAL activism ,CITIES & towns ,COLLECTIVE action ,POWER (Social sciences) - Abstract
In this paper, we examine how structural and social-psychological factors combine to motivate urban environmental activism. Specifically, we argue that residents' everyday perceptions about environmental, social, and political conditions in their neighborhoods and cities are connected to their likelihood of involvement in environmental collective action. We use logistic regression models and original survey data from the 2021 Cook County Community Survey (n = 1,069) to investigate whether urban residents' perceptions of the conditions where they live are associated with their likelihood of participating in protests or public meetings around environmental issues. Our findings show that, in the context of the Chicago metropolitan area, residents who perceive worse environmental conditions in their communities, feel a greater sense of belonging to their neighborhoods, and feel they understand local politics and have political power are more likely to mobilize. In contrast, those who are pessimistic about the future of their neighborhoods are less likely to act. The study suggests that participation in urban environmental collective action is partly explained by how people interpret the daily surroundings they routinely navigate and experience where they live. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Slow Harms and Citizen Action : Environmental Degradation and Policy Change in Latin American Cities
- Author
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Veronica Herrera and Veronica Herrera
- Subjects
- Environmental degradation--Latin America, Urban pollution--Latin America, Environmentalism--Latin America--Citizen participation, Environmental justice--Latin America, Water--Pollution--Latin America, Community organization--Latin America
- Abstract
Environmental degradation is not new, yet the impact of pollution on human health and wellbeing is growing. According to the World Health Organization, 12.6 million people die annually from living or working near toxic pollution, amounting to one-quarter of global deaths. Ninety-two percent of these deaths occur in middle or low-income countries, where the majority of the global population lives. For the millions of communities around the world where pollution is a slow moving, long-standing problem, residents born into toxic exposure often perceive pollution as part of the everyday landscape, particularly in low-resource settings. Local communities may also be both victims of pollution and complicit in perpetrating it themselves. When and how do people mobilize around slow harms? Moreover, when does citizen action around slow harms unlock policy action? In Slow Harms and Citizen Action, Veronica Herrera chronicles the struggle against toxic exposure in urban Latin America. Comparing advocacy movements for river pollution remediation in the capital regions of Argentina, Colombia, and Peru, Herrera explains how citizen-led efforts helped create environmental governance through networks that included impacted communities (bonding mobilization) and resourced allies (bridging mobilization). Through bonding and bridging mobilization, citizen advocacy for slow harms activated the state's regulatory capacity. Moreover, Herrera illustrates how the most successful environmental movements occurred in settings where established human rights movements had previously helped dismantle state-sponsored militarized violence. By unpacking human rights movements as thoroughfares for environmental activism, Slow Harms and Citizen Action sheds new light on the struggles for environmental justice in Latin America.
- Published
- 2024
5. After Tragedy Strikes : Why Claims of Trauma and Loss Promote Public Outrage and Encourage Political Polarization
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Thomas D. Beamish and Thomas D. Beamish
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- Secondary traumatic stress--Political aspects--United States--21st century, Psychic trauma--Social aspects--United States--21st century, Psychic trauma--Political aspects--United States--21st century, Secondary traumatic stress--Social aspects--United States--21st century, Psychic trauma and mass media--United States--21st century
- Abstract
While trauma and loss can occur anywhere, most suffering is experienced as personal tragedy. Yet some tragedies transcend everyday life's sad but inevitable traumas to become notorious public events: de facto'public'tragedies. In these crises, suffering is made publicly visible and lamentable. Such tragedies are defined by public accusations, social blame, outpourings of grief and anger, spontaneous memorialization, and collective action. These, in turn, generate a comparable set of political reactions, including denial, denunciation, counterclaims, blame avoidance, and a competition to control memories of the event. Disasters and crises are no more or less common today than in the past, but public tragedies now seem ubiquitous. After Tragedy Strikes argues that they are now epochal—public tragedies have become the day's definitive social and political events. Thomas D. Beamish deftly explores this phenomenon by developing the historical context within which these events occur and the role that political elites, the media, and an emergent ideology of victimhood have played in cultivating their ascendence.
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- 2024
6. The Oxford Handbook of Symbolic Interactionism
- Author
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Wayne H. Brekhus, Thomas DeGloma, William Ryan Force, Wayne H. Brekhus, Thomas DeGloma, and William Ryan Force
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- Social interaction, Symbolic interactionism
- Abstract
The Oxford Handbook of Symbolic Interactionism features a diverse array of cutting-edge scholarship in symbolic interactionism (SI). Contributors present original research in various established and emerging areas of concern while outlining key theoretical and methodological foundations of this multifaceted and broadly relevant perspective in the field of sociology. The scholars featured in this volume present new and evolving outlooks on foundational SI themes including the self and identity, the interactive construction of meaning, classical pragmatism, interactionist research methods, performance, culture and subcultures, cognition, emotion, organizations and institutions, and social constructionism. Contributors merge these and other traditional concepts and perspectives of symbolic interactionism with a range of other influences to bring SI to bear on various developing areas of research, and to address a variety of new and interesting questions, problems, and issues. These include issues pertaining to race and racism, gender, sex and sexuality, power, digital technologies and computer-mediated interaction, crime, health and illness, and environmental concerns. Presenting an expansive and forward-looking take on symbolic interactionism while providing readers with valuable tools with which to conduct their own research, this handbook addresses important developments that are reshaping the field. The handbook is organized into four parts: (I) theoretical and methodological orientations; (II) culture, context, and symbolic interaction; (III) power and inequalities; and (IV) environment, disasters, and risk. In each part, contributors demonstrate the timely and unique contributions of symbolic interactionism to our understanding of important issues and social problems in the contemporary world.
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- 2024
7. Big Rural : Rural Industrial Places, Democracy, and What Next
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Crystal Cook Marshall and Crystal Cook Marshall
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- Rural industries--United States, Land use, Rural--Government policy--United States, Rural development--United States
- Abstract
In Big Rural: Rural Industrial Places, Democracy, and What Next, Crystal Cook Marshall unveils the rural not as wild and unknowable but as measured and intervened-in as big cities. Drawing international comparisons with a case study centering on the Pocahontas Coalfield, Cook Marshall documents that rural places are often systems among systems that scientists and engineers heavily shape both in landscape and culture. Often single sector economies with consolidated power and automation away of jobs, these rural industrial places compound the problems of their inhabitants, even threatening their capacity to practice democracy. Cook Marshall interacts with rural interveners from industry to Rural Studies and Science and Technology scholars to policy advocates, also detailing the gaps in related scholarship. Building from analysis, she proposes a range of antidotes to the extraction and destruction of “Big Rural” both in material life and in knowledge, such as potential National Rural and Sustainable Agricultural strategies. Through these, in interviews with rural change agents, through research, and through local and federal paths, Cook Marshall asserts a way forward for the rural that is more equitable and just.
- Published
- 2024
8. Sociology: A Brief Introduction: 2024 Release ISE
- Author
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SCHAEFER and SCHAEFER
- Abstract
Sociology: A Brief Introduction connects essential sociological theories, research, and concepts to students'daily experiences. The program highlights the distinctive ways in which sociologists explore human social behavior—and how their research findings can be used to help students think critically about the broader principles that guide their lives. In doing so, it helps students begin to think sociologically, using what they have learned to evaluate human interactions and institutions independently. With up-to-date scholarship, examples, and photos, Dr. Schaefer's market-leading, student-friendly program features thorough integration of the latest research on race, ethnicity, and globalization.
- Published
- 2024
9. Cities, Change, and Conflict : A Political Economy of Urban Life
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Nancy Kleniewski, Alexander R. Thomas, Gregory Fulkerson, Nancy Kleniewski, Alexander R. Thomas, and Gregory Fulkerson
- Subjects
- HT151
- Abstract
Cities, Change, and Conflict was one of the first texts to embrace the perspective of political economy as its main explanatory framework, and then complement it with the rich contributions of human ecology as well as perspectives derived from critical approaches to social theory. Although its primary focus is on North American cities, the book contains several chapters on cities in other parts of the world, including the Global North and Global South. It provides both historical and contemporary accounts of the impact of globalization on urban development and urban institutions.This sixth edition features a new, groundbreaking chapter on the relationship between the physical environment and human settlements, including the urban-rural nexus. This edition also expands and updates coverage of recent trends such as the establishment and evolution of gay neighborhoods, the suburbanization of immigrant groups, the situation of the immigrant youth known as'Dreamers,'the reverse migration of Blacks from the North to the South, and the proliferation of exurban communities. Beyond examining the dynamics that shape the form and functionality of cities, the text surveys the experience of urban life among different social groups, including a new perspective on intersectionality as it affects people's experiences in cities. It illuminates the workings of the urban economy, local and federal governments, and the criminal justice system while addressing policy debates and decisions that affect almost every aspect of urbanization and urban life.
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- 2024
10. Elgar Encyclopedia of Environmental Sociology
- Author
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Christine Overdevest and Christine Overdevest
- Subjects
- Environmental sociology--Encyclopedias, Climatic changes--Encyclopedias
- Abstract
The Elgar Encyclopedia of Environmental Sociology serves as a repository of insight on the complex interactions, challenges and potential solutions that characterize our shared ecological reality. Presenting innovative thinking on a comprehensive range of topics, expert scholars, researchers, and practitioners illuminate the nuances, complexities and diverse perspectives that define the continually evolving field of environmental sociology. Entries provide clear and concise explanations of complex concepts and theories on the relationship between material, ecological and social progress and barriers to progress, contributing to a wealth of thought-provoking research designed to encourage critical thinking and reflection. This authoritative Encyclopedia will serve as a comprehensive research tool for students, researchers and scholars of environmental sociology, environmental studies and sustainability studies. Key Features: 99 enlightening entries authored by an impressive collective of contributorsAn accessible and engaging format designed to cater to a wide audience of students, researchers and expertsTimely insights on contemporary issues and developments in the field of environmental sociology, from climate adaptation and degrowth to the carbon intensity of well-being and Rights of Nature
- Published
- 2024
11. Sixty Miles Upriver : Gentrification and Race in a Small American City
- Author
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Richard E. Ocejo and Richard E. Ocejo
- Subjects
- Minorities--New York (State)--Newburgh, Gentrification--New York (State)--Newburgh
- Abstract
An unvarnished portrait of gentrification in an underprivileged, majority-minority small cityNewburgh is a small postindustrial city of some twenty-eight thousand people located sixty miles north of New York City in the Hudson River Valley. Like many other similarly sized cities across America, it has been beset with poverty and crime after decades of decline, with few opportunities for its predominantly minority residents. Sixty Miles Upriver tells the story of how Newburgh started gentrifying, describing what happens when White creative professionals seek out racially diverse and working-class communities and revealing how gentrification is increasingly happening outside large city centers in places where it unfolds in new ways.As New York City's housing market becomes too expensive for even the middle class, many urbanites are bypassing the suburbs and moving to smaller cities like Newburgh, where housing is affordable and historic. Richard Ocejo takes readers into the lives of these newcomers, examining the different ways they navigate racial difference and inequality among Newburgh's much less privileged local residents, and showing how stakeholders in the city's revitalization reframe themselves and gentrification to cast the displacement they cause to minority groups in a positive light.An intimate exploration of the moral dilemma at the heart of gentrification, Sixty Miles Upriver explains how progressive White gentrifiers justify controversial urban changes as morally good, and how their actions carry profound and lasting consequences for vulnerable residents of color.
- Published
- 2024
12. South Slavic Women’s Transgenerational Trauma Healing Through Oral Memory Practices : Women War Crimes and War Survivors
- Author
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Danica Anderson and Danica Anderson
- Subjects
- Slavs, Southern--Psychology, Yugoslav War, 1991-1995--Bosnia and Herzegovina--Psychological aspects, Generational trauma
- Abstract
South Slavic Women's Transgenerational Trauma Healing through Oral Memory Practices: Women War Crimes and War Survivors explains that Kolo-Informed Trauma Treatment is a clinical, cultural, psychological, and neurobiological approach that draws upon the rich scientific UNESCO intangible cultural heritage and embodied practices of the South Slavic Kolo-circle movement format or somatic folk dance. The author argues that Slavic oral memory practices are not in fact worthless or outdated in healing trauma. The inclusion of the little-known or rarely researched women who have experienced war crimes and war trauma demonstrates the intrinsic depth and female indigenous resources aligning with many scientific interdisciplinary fields and women's human rights. Central to the Kolo-Informed Trauma Treatment is the profound recognition of the importance of women's cultural memory and somatic oral traditions to evolve towards communal healing. Women's memory narrative enables the South Slavic people to have profound communal approaches to offer insights into the effects of war trauma, advocating paths towards thriving. Through a recalibration with the relationship of women as valued resources and prominence as creators of healing cultures, South Slavic women's communal healing practices, if orchestrated on a planetary scale, elaborate inclusive dynamic homeostasis.
- Published
- 2024
13. Voices for Transgender Equality : Making Change in the Networked Public Sphere
- Author
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Thomas J Billard and Thomas J Billard
- Subjects
- Mass media--Political aspects--United States, Transgender people--Political activity--United States, Transgender people--Civil rights--United States, Social media--Political aspects--United States
- Abstract
Transgender rights have emerged as an important topic of everyday conversation across the country in recent years and become, in many ways, the flashpoint du jour of the American culture wars. During the Trump presidency in particular, transgender people were thrust onto the center stage of US politics. Faced with unrelenting hostility and an increasingly complicated media system, transgender activists crafted new communication strategies to fight for their equality, stall attempts to undermine their rights, and win the support of large swathes of the public. In Voices for Transgender Equality, Thomas J Billard offers an insider's view into transgender activism during the first two years of the Trump administration. Drawing on extensive on-the-ground observation at the National Center for Transgender Equality, Billard shows how these activists developed an unlikely blend of online and offline strategies to saturate a diverse ecology of national news outlets, local and community media outlets across the country, and both public and private conversations across multiple social media platforms with voices in support of their cause. Moreover, these activists navigated the complex flows of information and ideas among these different domains of the communication system as they worked to shape the national conversation on transgender rights. As Billard argues, this movement occurred at a very particular time in the development of the media system, with'new'media shaping the movement in important ways that are both generalizable to other social movements and unique to transgender activism. Including rich storytelling and insightful analysis, Voices for Transgender Equality makes a compelling case of what it takes to make social and political change in a world transformed by digital media. Along the way, Billard provides key insights into the new business-as-usual of mediated politics and valuable lessons for more effective activism.
- Published
- 2024
14. Mining the Heartland : Nature, Place, and Populism on the Iron Range
- Author
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Erik Kojola and Erik Kojola
- Subjects
- Right and left (Political science)--Minnesota, Mineral industries--Minnesota, Environmental management--Minnesota, Collective memory--Minnesota
- Abstract
Honorable Mention, Outstanding Publication Award, given by the Environmental Sociology Section of the American Sociological AssociationA riveting portrait of the cultural struggles and political conflicts of proposed copper-nickel mines in Minnesota's Iron RangeOn an unseasonably warm October afternoon in Saint Paul, hundreds of people gathered to protest the construction of a proposed copper-nickel mine in the rural northern part of their state. The crowd eagerly listened to speeches on how the project would bring long-term risks and potentially pollute the drinking water for current and future generations. A year later, another proposed mining project became the subject of a public hearing in a small town near the proposed site. But this time, local politicians and union leaders praised the mine proposal as an asset that would strengthen working-class communities in Minnesota.In many rural American communities, there is profound tension around the preservation and protection of wilderness and the need to promote and profit from natural resources. In Mining the Heartland, Erik Kojola looks at both sides of these populist movements and presents a thoughtful account of how such political struggles play out. Drawing on over a hundred ethnographic interviews with people of the region, from members of labor unions to local residents to scientists, Kojola is able to bring this complex struggle over mining to life. Focusing on both pro- and anti-mining groups, he expands upon what this conflict reveals about the way whiteness and masculinity operate among urban and rural residents, and the different ways in which class, race, and gender shape how people relate to the land. Mining the Heartland shows the negotiation and conflict between two central aspects of the state's culture and economy: outdoor recreation in the Land of Ten Thousand Lakes and the lucrative mining of the Iron Range.
- Published
- 2024
15. Built Environment and Population Health in Small-Town America : Learning From Small Cities of Kansas
- Author
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Mahbub Rashid and Mahbub Rashid
- Subjects
- Rural population, Rural health, Cities and towns
- Abstract
A groundbreaking look at the complex relationship between the built environment and population health in small-town America.The links between urban settings and health issues are well established, but the built environments of smaller cities and towns also play a crucial role in population well-being. In this book, Mahbub Rashid—who employs innovative spatial and social network analysis techniques to examine the impact of built form and space on people's behavior, psychology, society, and culture—uses extensive spatial, demographic, and health data to study the crucial role of the built environment in small Kansas cities. The first book of its kind, Built Environment and Population Health in Small-Town America sheds light on the critical factors shaping the well-being of these communities and provides valuable insights for building healthier futures.
- Published
- 2024
16. Rural and Small-Town America : Context, Composition, and Complexities
- Author
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Tim Slack, Shannon M Monnat, Tim Slack, and Shannon M Monnat
- Subjects
- Small cities--United States
- Abstract
Contemporary America is centered around urban society. Most Americans reside in cities or their surrounding suburbs, and both the media and modern American sociology focus disproportionately on urban life. Rural and Small-Town America looks at what we can learn from rural society and confronts common myths and misunderstandings about rural people and places. Tim Slack and Shannon M. Monnat examine social, economic, and demographic changes and how these changes pose both problems and opportunities for rural communities. They assess changes in population size and composition, economies and livelihoods, ethnoracial diversity and inequities, population health and health disparities, and politics and policies. The central focus of this book is that rural America is no paragon of stability. Social change abounds, accompanied by new challenges. Through analysis of empirical evidence, demographic data, and policy debates, readers will glean insights about rural America and the United States as a whole.
- Published
- 2024
17. Energy in American History : A Political, Social, and Environmental Encyclopedia [2 Volumes]
- Author
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Jeffrey B. Webb, Christopher R. Fee, Jeffrey B. Webb, and Christopher R. Fee
- Abstract
Contextualizes and analyzes the key energy transitions in U.S. history and the central importance of energy production and consumption on the American environment and in American culture and politics.Focusing on the major energy transitions in U.S. history, from the pre-industrial era to the present day, this two-volume encyclopedia captures the major advancements, events, technologies, and people synonymous with the production and consumption of energy in the United States. Expert contributors show how, for example, the introduction of electricity and petroleum into ordinary American life facilitated periods of rapid social and political change, as well as profound and ongoing impacts on the environment. These developments have in many ways defined and accelerated the pace of modern life and led to vast improvements in living conditions for millions of people, just as they have also brought new fears of resource exhaustion and fossil-fuel induced climate change. Today, as America begins to move beyond the use of fossil fuels toward a greater reliance on renewables, including wind and solar energy, there is a pressing need to understand energy in America's past in order to better understand its energy future.
- Published
- 2024
18. British Petroleum (BP).
- Author
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Eigenmann, C. S.
- Subjects
BP PLC - Abstract
Summary: BP is one of the largest oil companies in the world. In the early twenty-first century, BP had worked hard to make itself a "green," environmentally friendly, oil company, through a rebranding campaign, until the Deepwater Horizon oil spill of April 2010.
- Published
- 2024
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