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As cross‐shelf gradients of most properties are typically much steeper than those in the alongshore direction, transport across isobaths tends to be inhibited, particularly at oceanic fronts where cross‐shelf gradients are markedly pronounced. Consequently, variations in cross‐shelf gradients may exert a significant influence on offshore transport; however, this influence is not yet well understood. This study employs reconstructed daily suspended sediment concentration (SSC) data from the Yellow Sea's offshore region to investigate the dynamics of offshore transport. Our analysis on an interannual scale shows that offshore SSC correlates more with temperature gradients at the oceanic front than with winter storms, despite the latter's vital role in causing frontal instability. The observed increase in offshore transport over the past two decades is likely connected to Kuroshio Current warming, which has strengthened the horizontal density gradient at the oceanic front, driving the strengthened offshore transport of coastal sediments during instability episodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Chronic inflammation of adipose tissue is a prominent characteristic of many metabolic diseases. Lipid metabolism in adipose tissue is consistently dysregulated during inflammation, which is characterized by substantial infiltration by proinflammatory cells and high cytokine concentrations. Adipose tissue inflammation is caused by a variety of endogenous factors, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, cellular senescence, ceramides biosynthesis and mediators of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) signaling. Additionally, the gut microbiota also plays a crucial role in regulating adipose tissue inflammation. Essentially, adipose tissue inflammation arises from an imbalance in adipocyte metabolism and the regulation of immune cells. Specific inflammatory signals, including nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) signaling, inflammasome signaling and inflammation‐mediated autophagy, have been shown to be involved in the metabolic regulation. The pathogenesis of metabolic diseases characterized by chronic inflammation (obesity, insulin resistance, atherosclerosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease [NAFLD]) and recent research regarding potential therapeutic targets for these conditions are also discussed in this review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronic nonhealing wounds significantly reduce patients' quality of life and are a major burden on healthcare systems. Over the past few decades, tissue engineering materials have emerged as a viable option for wound healing, with cell-derived extracellular matrix (CDM) showing remarkable results. The CDM's compatibility and resemblance to the natural tissue microenvironment confer distinct advantages to tissue-engineered scaffolds in wound repair. This review summarizes the current processes for CDM preparation, various cell decellularization protocols, and common characterization methods. Furthermore, it discusses the applications of CDM in wound healing, including skin defect and wound repair, angiogenesis, and engineered vessels, and offers perspectives on future developments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sparse General Matrix-Matrix Multiplication (SpGEMM) has played an important role in a number of applications. So far, many efficient algorithms have been proposed to improve the performance of SpGEMM on GPUs. However, the performance of each algorithm for matrices of different structures varies a lot. There is no algorithm that can achieve the optimal performance of SpGEMM computation on all matrices. In this article, we design a machine learning based approach for predicting the optimal SpGEMM algorithm on input matrices. By extracting features from input matrices, we utilize LightGBM and XGBoost to train different lightweight models. The models are capable of predicting the best performing algorithm with low inference overhead and high accuracy for the given input matrices. We also investigate the impact of tree depth on model accuracy and inference overhead. Our evaluation shows that an increase in tree depth leads to a corresponding increase in prediction accuracy, reaching a maximum of approximately 85%, while resulting in increased inference overhead of approximately 10 µs. Compared with the state-of-the-art algorithms on three GPU platforms, our method achieves better overall performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of high‐intensity fluorescent materials is always the focuses and forefront projects because of their important applications in displays, sensing and detection fields. In recent years, the detection of explosives has attracted increasing attention due to security and counterterrorism issues. Herein, two diphenyl−anthracene (DPA) derivatives were designed and synthesized by introducing strong electron withdrawing fluorine atoms and cyano‐groups to DPA, which exhibited strong fluorescence both in the solution and solid phase with the absolute quantum yields up to 70.4 % and 45.9 % respectively. The detection behavior of nitroaromatic explosives such as picric acid (PA), 2,4,6‐trinitrotoluene (TNT) and 3‐Nitropropionic acid (3‐NP) also shows good sensitivity with the quenching constant as high as 6.3×104 L mol−1. Theoretical calculation demonstrates that the fluorescence quenching behavior of the two DPA derivatives is caused by the behavior of photoinduced electron transfer (PET) and the resonance energy transfer (RET) studies explained the higher sensitivity and selectivity of both compounds towards PA than other nitro‐containing explosives. Furthermore, the strong solid‐state fluorescence of the DPA derivatives also shows excellent advantages in enhancing latent fingerprint recognition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Rs768705 (TMEM161B) is one of the identified single nucleotide polymorphisms related to major depressive disorder (MDD). Paranoid personality traits are independently associated with the risk of MDD. This study aimed to investigate the interaction effect between rs768705 (TMEM161B) and paranoid personality traits on the new-onset risk of MDD in Chinese freshmen., Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted among 7642 Chinese freshmen without lifetime MDD at baseline in 2018. 158 new-onset MDD cases were ascertained in 2019. DNA samples were extracted to detect the genotype of rs768705. The diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders-IV criteria were used to determine MDD and personality disorder traits. Multiplicative interaction was assessed by logistic regression models. Tomas Andersson's method for calculating biological interactions was used to estimate the additive interaction., Results: Rs768705(AG) (OR = 1.88, 95 % CI: 1.24-2.83) and paranoid personality traits (OR = 3.68, 95 % CI: 2.57-5.26) were significantly associated with the risk of MDD. The multiplicative interaction model with the product term of rs768705 and paranoid personality trait traits had a significant interaction effect (OR = 4.20, 95 % CI:1.62-10.91). There was also a significant additive interaction effect (RR = 7.08, 95 % CI:4.31-11.65) for the incidence of MDD. Seventy seven percent patients among new MDD cases were attributed to the additive interaction effect between rs768705 and paranoid personality traits., Conclusions: Rs768705 (AG) may interact with paranoid personality traits to increase the incidence of MDD among Chinese college students. Schools and psychosocial health organizations should pay more attention to individuals with paranoid personality traits for MDD intervention and prevention., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflict of interests., (Crown Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Background: Survival and regeneration mechanisms of large (>250 mL) fat grafts remain incompletely understood. In fat grafts from volunteers with megavolume fat transfer breast augmentation, neovascularization and inflammatory cell infiltration decreased within 7 days according to histological analysis. We further investigated this phenomenon using a nude mouse model., Methods: To simulate clinical contexts, chambers containing 1 mL human fat were implanted into nude mice. Chambers allowed selective transfer of tissue fluid from recipient nude mice into chambers, but not capillaries or macrophages. Seven days later, fat was removed from the chamber and reimplanted into a new nude mouse in the open-chambered fat group (OCFG, n=45). Adipose samples from volunteers and explanted grafts from OCFG were subjected to histological analyses. Graft weight, vascularization, and immune response were also compared between the OCFG and conventional direct fat grafting (control group (CG))., Results: Percent tissue integrity, percent fibrosis, adipocyte viability, and neovascularization did not significantly differ between volunteer samples and OCFG grafts at day 7. On day 90, OCFG retention rate was decreased relative to CG and the fibrosis area was larger in the OCFG than in the CG. However, the macrophage and capillary counts were lower in the OCFG group relative to CG at days 7 and 14 after transplantation., Conclusions: The present study provides histological analyses of megavolume fat grafts sampled from clinical breast augmentation tissues and a xenograft nude mouse model. However, these preliminary results in a small clinical cohort should be further assessed in large allogeneic animal models., (Copyright © 2024 by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons.)

Deltas are threatened by erosion due to climate change and reduced sediment supply, but their response to these changes remains poorly quantified. We investigate the abandoned Yellow River delta that has transitioned from rapid growth to ongoing deterioration due to a river avulsion removing the sediment supply. Integrating bathymetric data, process observations, and sediment transport modeling, we find that while the subaerial delta was stabilized by engineering measures, the subaqueous delta continued to erode due to intensified storms, losing 39% of its mass deposited before the avulsion. Long-term observations show that winter storms initiate scouring of the subaqueous delta, contributing up to 70% of seabed erosion. We then analyze 108 global deltas to assess subaqueous delta erosion risks and identify 17 deltas facing similar situations of sediment decline and storm intensification during the past 40 years. Our findings suggest that subaqueous delta erosion must be integrated into delta sustainability evaluations.

Adipose tissue is a highly attractive reservoir of stem cells due to its accessibility and abundance, and the SVF within it holds great promise for stem cell-based therapies. The use of mechanical methods for SVF isolation from adipose tissue is preferred over enzymatic methods, as it can be readily applied in clinical settings without additional processing steps. However, there is a lack of consensus on the optimal approach for mechanically isolating SVF. This comprehensive review aims to present and compare the latest mechanical isolation methods for SVF from adipose tissue, including centrifugation, filtration/washing, emulsification, vibration, and mincing/adiponizing. Each of these methods possesses unique advantages and limitations, and yet, no conclusive evidence has emerged demonstrating the superiority of one approach over the others, primarily due to the dearth of well-controlled prospective studies in this field., Competing Interests: All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to disclose., (© 2024 The Japanese Society for Regenerative Medicine. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.)

The development of high-intensity fluorescent materials is always the focuses and forefront projects because of their important applications in displays, sensing and detection fields. In recent years, the detection of explosives has attracted increasing attention due to security and counterterrorism issues. Herein, two diphenyl-anthracene (DPA) derivatives were designed and synthesized by introducing strong electron withdrawing fluorine atoms and cyano-groups to DPA, which exhibited strong fluorescence both in the solution and solid phase with the absolute quantum yields up to 70.4 % and 45.9 % respectively. The detection behavior of nitroaromatic explosives such as picric acid (PA), 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and 3-Nitropropionic acid (3-NP) also shows good sensitivity with the quenching constant as high as 6.3×10 4  L mol -1 . Theoretical calculation demonstrates that the fluorescence quenching behavior of the two DPA derivatives is caused by the behavior of photoinduced electron transfer (PET) and the resonance energy transfer (RET) studies explained the higher sensitivity and selectivity of both compounds towards PA than other nitro-containing explosives. Furthermore, the strong solid-state fluorescence of the DPA derivatives also shows excellent advantages in enhancing latent fingerprint recognition., (© 2023 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Introduction: Managing large chronic wounds presents significant challenges because of inadequate donor sites, infection, and lack of structural support from dermal substitutes. Hydrogels are extensively used in various forms to promote chronic wound healing and provide a three-dimensional spatial structure, through growth factors or cell transport., Objectives: We present a novel multicenter regenerative model that is capable of regenerating and merging simultaneously to form a complete layer of skin. This method significantly reduces wound healing time compared to the traditional centripetal healing model. We believe that our model can improve clinical outcomes and pave the way for further research into regenerative medicine., Methods: We prepared a novel multi-island double-layer microneedle (MDMN) using gelatin-methacryloylchitosan (GelMA-CS). The MDMN was loaded with keratinocytes (KCs) and dermal fibroblasts (FBs). Our aim in this study was to explore the therapeutic potential of MDMN in a total skin excision model., Results: The MDMN model replicated the layered structure of full-thickness skin and facilitated tissue regeneration and healing via dual omni-bearing. Multi-island regeneration centres accomplished horizontal multicentric regeneration, while epidermal and dermal cells migrated synchronously from each location. This produced a healing area approximately 4.7 times greater than that of the conventional scratch tests. The MDMN model exhibited excellent antibacterial properties, attributed to the chitosan layer. During wound healing in diabetic mice, the MDMN achieved earlier epidermal coverage and faster wound healing through multi-island regeneration centres and the omnidirectional regeneration mode. The MDMN group displayed an accelerated wound healing rate upon arrival at the destination (0.96 % ± 0.58 % vs. 4.61 % ± 0.32 %). Additionally, the MDMN group exhibited superior vascularization and orderly collagen deposition., Conclusion: The present study presents a novel skin regeneration model using microneedles as carriers of autologous keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts, which allows for omni-directional, multi-center, and full-thickness skin regeneration., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.)