Objectives: To observe the clinical effect of the modified painless blistering moxibustion with wheat-grain sized moxa cone on cough variant asthma (CVA) differentiated as pathogenic wind attacking the lung and explore the influences on eosinophil count (EOS) in the peripheral blood and the content of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the serum of patients., Methods: Ninety-two patients with CVA of pathogenic wind attacking the lung were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 46 cases in each group. In the observation group, the modified painless blistering moxibustion with wheat-grain sized moxa cone was applied to the unilateral Feishu (BL 13), Gaohuang (BL 43) and Zusanli (ST 36) in each session of treatment, once every 3 days. In the control group, budesonide and formoterol powder inhaler was delivered, 4.5 μg per inhalation, once every half an hour after breakfast and dinner; one more time of inhalation needed if the symptoms were not well controlled, but less than 6 times of inhalation per day. The duration of treatment was 8 weeks in both groups. Separately, before and after treatment, and during the 1-month follow-up after treatment completion, the score of the symptoms of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) was observed in the two groups; using the lung function detector, the indexes of pulmonary function (forced expiratory volume in one second [FEV1], FEV1/forced vital capacity [FVC] and peak expiratory flow [PEF]) were determined, and the count of EOS in the peripheral blood and the content of IL-4 and TNF-α in the serum were determined before and after treatment; and the clinical effect was compared between the two groups., Results: After treatment and in follow-up, the TCM symptom scores were decreased compared with those before treatment in the two groups ( P <0.05), and the score in the observation group was lower than that of the control group in follow-up ( P <0.05). After treatment, FEV1, FEV1/FVC and PEF were increased when compared with those before treatment in the two groups ( P <0.05), and the count of EOS in the peripheral blood and the content of IL-4 and TNF-α in the serum were reduced ( P <0.05); there was no statistical difference in these indexes between the two groups ( P >0.05). After treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group was 95.7% (44/46), which was not different statistically in comparison with the control group (93.5% [43/46], P >0.05). In the follow-up, the total effective rate of the observation group was 95.7% (44/46), which was higher than that of the control group (78.3% [36/46], P <0.05)., Conclusions: The modified painless blistering moxibustion with wheat-grain sized moxa cone may ameliorate the symptoms of CVA of pathogenic wind attacking the lung and improve the pulmonary functions, which is probably related to the regulation of the count of EOS in the peripheral blood and the content of IL-4 and TNF-α in the serum, thereby, reducing the inflammatory response.