Search

Abstract Manganese oxide (α-MnO2) nanoparticles are highly recognised for their use in supercapacitor applications. This study demonstrates the successful synthesis of flower-like and nanorods hollandite α-MnO2 by a simple one-pot hydrothermal technique at various reaction times. The synthesised nanoparticles were characterised by various physicochemical and electrochemical characterisation techniques. The influence of the various reaction times on the structural and morphological properties was evaluated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope. XRD patterns revealed that the synthesized MnO2 nanoparticles are tetragonal structures with crystallite sizes ranging from 13.69 to 20.37 nm estimated from the Williamson–Hall method. Moreover, the functional groups and surface area were examined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Bruner–Emmert–Teller, respectively. Furthermore, the compositional elements were studied by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Finally, the electrochemical performances were studied using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The GCD characteristics revealed that the optimised α-MnO2 has a good capacitive behaviour, which predicts the potential application in energy storage. Electrochemical studies revealed that the 3 h-MnO2 sample exhibited a superior electrochemical behaviour and demonstrated a high specific capacitance of 132 F/g at a current density of 1A/g.

Urban air mobility is expected to play a role in improving transportation of people and goods in growing urban areas while contributing to sustainable urban growth and zero-emissions future aviation. The research presented herein computationally investigated the performance of control laws for a generic Urban Air Taxi (UAT) subjected to empirically-developed urban airflow disturbances. This involved developing a representative flight dynamics model of a UAT in steady level cruise flight with an inner-loop autopilot. Active Disturbance Rejection Control (ADRC) and Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control laws were implemented to investigate the controlled and uncontrolled acceleration responses and compare them to the acceleration limits in ISO 2631. Using a linear flight dynamics model, ADRC demonstrated improved performance over PID control with equal initial tuning effort. PID was able to reduce passenger accelerations to unharmful, though still uncomfortable, levels while ADRC further reduced the lateral accelerations to comfortable levels.

We use a game-theoretic model to examine how different types of activist motivation affect strategic interactions between an activist and a firm in the context of a threatened adversarial engagement, in which the activist can benefit from "warm glow" and media publicity as well as from firm compliance with activist demands. The model yields novel predictions about when firms prefer to self-regulate to pre-empt a contested engagement, how vigorously firms defend themselves against the activist's attack if an engagement occurs, and a new taxonomy of engagements, characterized by offensive and defensive strategies and the likelihood of activist success. The model predicts that when warm glow and campaign-driven wins are important motivations for activists, safe bet and long shot types of engagements are more likely to occur: These tend to be lower expenditure skirmishes where one party has a clear advantage and where a pre-emptive settlement is infeasible. By contrast, firms and activists are more likely to negotiate self-regulation that pre-empts resource-intensive toss-up engagements where each side is evenly matched and expends significant effort. Our findings contribute to strategic management research by developing new insights about how firms respond to different activist motivations and types of engagements. We explore extensions of the model and discuss implications for future empirical and theoretical research on the management of activist relations. This paper was accepted by Joshua Gans, business strategy. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.01638. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) such as MMP-9, 3, and 2 degrade the cellular matrix and are believed to play a crucial role in ischemic stroke. We examined how the duration of ischemia (up to 4 h) and treatment with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator altered the comparative expression of these MMPs in experimental ischemic stroke with reperfusion. Both prolonged ischemia and r-tPA treatment markedly increased MMP-9 expression in the ischemic hemisphere (all p < 0.0001). The duration of ischemia and r-tPA treatment also significantly increased MMP-2 expression (p < 0.01–0.001) in the ischemic hemisphere (p < 0.01) but to a lesser degree than MMP-9. In contrast, MMP-3 expression significantly decreased in the ischemic hemisphere (p < 0.001) with increasing duration of ischemia and r-tPA treatment (p < 0.05–0001). MMP-9 expression was prominent in the vascular compartment and leukocytes. MMP-2 expression was evident in the vascular compartment and MMP-3 in NeuN+ neurons. Prolonging the duration of ischemia (up to 4 h) before reperfusion increased brain hemorrhage, infarction, swelling, and neurologic disability in both saline-treated (control) and r-tPA-treated mice. MMP-9 and MMP-2 expression were significantly positively correlated with, and MMP-3 was significantly negatively correlated with, infarct volume, swelling, and brain hemorrhage. We conclude that in experimental ischemic stroke with reperfusion, the duration of ischemia and r-tPA treatment significantly altered MMP-9, 3, and 2 expression, ischemic brain injury, and neurological disability. Each MMP showed unique patterns of expression that are strongly correlated with the severity of brain infarction, swelling, and hemorrhage. In summary, in experimental ischemic stroke in male mice with reperfusion, the duration of ischemia, and r-tPA treatment significantly altered the immunofluorescent expression of MMP-9, 3, and 2, ischemic brain injury, and neurological disability. In this model, each MMP showed unique patterns of expression that were strongly correlated with the severity of brain infarction, swelling, and hemorrhage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Connecting infrastructures such as steel bridges are important for sustainable and economic development of society. Understanding the risks to these infrastructures associated with wind is crucial to ensure their resilience, particularly with the evident threat of climate change. The authors will discuss the benefits of early‐stage consulting in delivering climate aware performance‐based design for steel bridges. A holistic approach comprising bridge monitoring, aerodynamic consultation coupled with wind tunnel testing and numerical simulations enables us to understand the structural response of bridges, from an aerodynamic perspective. By combining this knowledge with a local climate model, the bridge response to current and future expected wind conditions, can be predicted and assessed. The outcomes of such an approach enable us to refine design wind loads optimizing material usage and ensuring safe and cost‐effective construction processes, thereby reducing embodied carbon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to evaluate the utility and applicability of electrooculography (EOG) when studying ocular activity during complex motor behavior. Due to its lower spatial resolution relative to eye tracking (ET), it is unclear whether EOG can provide valid and accurate temporal measurements such as the duration of the Quiet Eye (QE), that is the uninterrupted dwell time on the visual target prior to and during action. However, because of its greater temporal resolution, EOG is better suited for temporal‐spectral decomposition, a technique that allows us to distinguish between lower and higher frequency activity as a function of time. Sixteen golfers of varying expertise (novices to experts) putted 60 balls to a 4‐m distant target on a flat surface while we recorded EOG, ET, performance accuracy, and putter kinematics. Correlational and discrepancy analyses confirmed that EOG yielded valid and accurate QE measurements, but only when using certain processing parameters. Nested cross‐validation indicated that, among a set of ET and EOG temporal and spectral oculomotor features, EOG power was the most useful when predicting performance accuracy through robust regression. Follow‐up cross‐validation and correlational analyses revealed that more accurate performance was preceded by diminished lower‐frequency activity immediately before movement initiation and elevated higher‐frequency activity during movement recorded from the horizontal channel. This higher‐frequency activity was also found to accompany a smoother movement execution. This study validates EOG algorithms (code provided) for measuring temporal parameters and presents a novel approach to extracting temporal and spectral oculomotor features during complex motor behavior. This study validates electrooculography for computing temporal indices of oculomotor activity typically obtained through mobile eye tracking. It also indicates that using EOG indices that embed both temporal and spectral features can improve predictions of movement accuracy compared to those that rely on temporal features only. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Proges en Urologie is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations in plasma decrease during acute illness and it is unclear if this contributes to disease. Clinical and laboratory studies of T3 supplementation in disease have revealed little or no effect. It is uncertain if short term supplementation of T3 has any discernible effect in a healthy animals. Observational study of intravenous T3 (1 µg/kg/h) for 24 h in a healthy sheep model receiving protocol-guided intensive care supports (T3 group, n=5). A total of 45 endpoints were measured including hemodynamic, respiratory, renal, hematological, metabolic and endocrine parameters. Data were compared with previously published studies of sheep subject to the same support protocol without administered T3 (No T3 group, n=5). Plasma free T3 concentrations were elevated 8-fold by the infusion (pmol/l at 24 h; T3 group 34.9±9.9 vs. No T3 group 4.4±0.3, P<0.01, reference range 1.6 to 6.8). There was no significant physiological response to administration of T3 over the study duration. Supplementation of intravenous T3 for 24 h has no physiological effect on relevant physiological endpoints in healthy sheep. Further research is required to understand if the lack of effect of short-term T3 may be related to kinetics of T3 cellular uptake, metabolism and action, or acute counterbalancing hormone resistance. This information may be helpful in design of clinical T3 supplementation trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In response to King’s article on cohesion, this author submitted a critique, “The Essence of Military Group Cohesion” (2007), based on 20 years of research. The critique noted that King had set up several strawmen and presented a narrow focus. Furthermore, the critique introduced the Standard Model of Military Group Cohesion as a more widely useful approach. The Model was further articulated in “Key Questions and Challenges to the Standard Model of Military Group Cohesion” (2011) and “The Misconceived Construct of Task Cohesion” (2015). This current article describes major conceptual and measurement efforts leading up to the development of the Model, critiques and expansions of the Model, and needed future research to refine the Model as well as combine cohesion with other key variables such as motivation, combatant capacity, and leadership to more fully explain variation in key military outcome variables such as unit performance and retention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on a case study by Baris Feldman et al. describing siblings with biallelic loss-of-function variants in the GORIN gene, associated with left atrial cardiomyopathy, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, and fibrosis. Exome sequencing of a large Pakistani cohort revealed additional mutations in the GORIN gene linked to similar cardiovascular phenotypes.

Solution-processed gain media have great technological potential as lasers due to their ease of integration with on-chip photonics, scalability and tuneable optoelectronic properties. Currently, the spectral coverage of solution-processed lasers extends from visible up to telecom wavelengths in the short-wave infrared (SWIR) (<1650 nm). Here, the optical gain in the extended SWIR from 1600 nm to 2500 nm is demonstrated, using PbSbased colloidal quantum dots (CQDs). This spectral region has many applications such as in LIDAR, biological imaging and environmental monitoring and is currently served by exotic, costly materials with limitedscalability. Using the CQDs in distributed feedback laser cavities, lasing with emission tuned between 2150 nm and 2500 nm is reported. We show that due to the increased absorption cross-section of larger CQDs, the optical gain threshold is reduced by a factor of 36 compared to smaller-sized CQDs, reaching an amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) threshold down to 42 µJ cm -2 . Furthermore, gain and lasing under nanosecond excitation are demonstrated for the first time from PbS CQDs and use transient absorption spectroscopy data to model nanosecond gain thresholds. This paves the way for realizing compact and practical CQD infrared lasers and potentially toward electrically driven laser diodes., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Symptomatic heart failure (sHF) with cardiac dysfunction, edema, and mortality are driven by overactivation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Renin is widely recognized as a key initiator of RAAS function, yet the mechanisms that activate renin remain a mystery. We discovered that activated coagulation factor XII generates active renin in the circulation and is directly linked to pathological activation of the systemic RAAS, development of sHF, and increased mortality. These findings suggest a new paradigm for therapeutically modulating the RAAS in sHF and other pathological conditions.

Objectives: Limited data are available comparing the efficacy of osi versus earlier generation TKIs for mNSCLC with atypical EGFR mutations (AMs) such as L861Q, G719X, S768I and exon20., Methods: We performed a single-institution retrospective analysis of patients with EGFR-mutated mNSCLC treated from 2007 to 2023 with 1L TKIs, comparing outcomes for AM patients treated with osi, afatinib, and erlotinib. Baseline demographics, disease characteristics, treatment history, toxicity, and clinical outcomes were abstracted from the electronic medical record and compared between TKIs using independent sample t-tests and chi-square analyses. Median progression free survival (mPFS) and overall survival (mOS) were compared via Kaplan-Meier log-rank analysis and Cox multivariable regression., Results: Among 355 patients with EGFR-mutated mNSCLC, 36 (10 %) harbored AMs in G719X (N=21; 6 %), Exon 20 (N=11; 3 %), L861Q (N=7; 2 %), S768I (N=4; 1 %), C797S (N=1; 0.3 %); 6 patients had compound mutations. Patients with classical mutations (CMs) vs AMs had similar baseline demographic and disease characteristics and usage of TKIs (p = 0.124). Among AM patients, osi yielded superior mPFS (22 m) vs afatinib (12 m; p = 0.005) or erlotinib (9 m; p = 0.001). mOS was likewise superior for osi (32 m) vs afatinib (21 m; p = 0.032) or erlotinib (17 m; p = 0.011). Dose-reduction rates due to AEs were lower for osi (19 %) vs afatinib (24 %; p = 0.003) or erlotinib (23 %; p = 0.002). Discontinuation rates due to AEs were lower for osi vs afatinib (1 % vs 2 %; p < 0.001) or erlotinib (2 %; p = 0.004)., Conclusions: In a large real-world analysis, osi demonstrated superior progression-free and overall survival and improved tolerability compared to afatinib or erlotinib for atypical EGFR-mutated mNSCLC., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Interactions between eukaryotic hosts and their bacterial symbionts drive key ecological and evolutionary processes, from regulating ecosystems to the evolution of complex molecular machines and processes. Over time, endosymbionts generally evolve reduced genomes, and their relationship with their host tends to stabilize. However, host-bacteria relationships may be heavily influenced by environmental changes. Here, we review these effects on one of the most ancient and diverse endosymbiotic groups, formed by-among others-Legionellales, Francisellaceae, and Piscirickettsiaceae. This group is referred to as Deep-branching Intracellular Gammaproteobacteria (DIG), whose last common ancestor presumably emerged about 2 Ga ago. We show that DIGs are globally distributed, but generally at very low abundance, and are mainly identified in aquatic biomes. Most DIGs harbour a type IVB secretion system, critical for host-adaptation, but its structure and composition vary. Finally, we review the different types of microbial interactions that can occur in diverse environments, with direct or indirect effects on DIG populations. The increased use of omics technologies on environmental samples will allow a better understanding of host-bacterial interactions and help unravel the definition of DIGs as a group from an ecological, molecular, and evolutionary perspective., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of FEMS.)

Copolymer thin films showing induced supramolecular chirality are of considerable interest for optoelectronic applications such as organic light-emitting diodes. Here, we introduce a new helicene-like chiral additive with two octyloxy substituents which displays excellent chiral induction properties in an achiral polyfluorene copolymer, leading to a circular dichroism (CD) response of up to 10,000 mdeg. This chiral inducer also displays very good thermal stability, which enables us to perform an extended study on the induced chiroptical properties of the cholesteric copolymer thin films annealed at different temperatures in the range 140-260 °C. Starting from about 180 °C, a distinct change in the morphology of the CD-active film is observed by CD microscopy, from micrometre-size granular to extended CD-active regions, where the latter ones display skewed distributions of the dissymmetry parameter g abs . Broadband Müller matrix spectroscopy finds a pronounced CD and circular birefringence (CB) response and only weak linear dichroism (LD, LD') and linear birefringence (LB, LB'). Ultrafast transient CD spectroscopy with randomly polarised excitation reveals a clean mirror-image-type transient response, which shows a second-order decay of the S 1 population due to singlet-singlet annihilation processes., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Chiral, enantiopure Yb(III) complexes exhibit circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) in the near infrared (NIR) wavelength region. This CPL is quantified by the dissymmetry factor ( g lum ). The excited state 2 F 5/2 consists of six m J ' states degenerated in three Stark levels, due to the crystal-field splitting (CFS), which are populated in accordance with the Boltzmann distribution. Consequently, room temperature CPL spectra are the sum of various - either positive or negative - contributions, that are practically impossible to quantify. To address this issue, an advanced setup enabling CPL measurements over a broad temperature range (300 to 4 K) has been developed. The interrelation of CFS, g lum and temperature was explored using a pair of enantiopure Yb(III) complexes, highlighting the individual contribution of each crystal-field sublevel to the overall CPL spectrum, as anticipated by simulations performed in the framework of multireference wave-functions. Hence, the CPL spectra of chiral lanthanide complexes were found to be indeed strongly temperature-dependent, as is the g lum dissymmetry factor, as a consequence of the variation in thermal sublevel population.

The recently isolated bacterium "Candidatus Uabimicrobium amorphum" is the only known prokaryote that can engulf other bacterial cells. Its proteome contains a high fraction of proteins involved in signal transduction systems, which is a feature normally associated with multicellularity in eukaryotes. Here, we present a protein-based phylogeny which shows that "Ca. Uabimicrobium amorphum" represents an early diverging lineage that clusters with the Saltatorellus clade within the phylum Planctomycetota. A gene flux analysis indicated a gain of 126 protein families for signal transduction functions in "Ca. Uabimicrobium amorphum", of which 66 families contained eukaryotic-like Serine/Threonine kinases with Pkinase domains. In total, we predicted 525 functional Serine/Threonine kinases in "Ca. Uabimicrobium amorphum", which represent 8% of the proteome and is the highest fraction of Serine/Threonine kinases in a bacterial proteome. The majority of Serine/Threonine kinases in this species are membrane proteins and 30% contain long, tandem arrays of WD40 or TPR domains. The pKinase domain was predicted to be located in the cytoplasm, while the WD40 and TPR domains were predicted to be located in the periplasm. Such domain combinations were also identified in the Serine/Threonine kinases of other species in the Planctomycetota, although in much lower abundances. A phylogenetic analysis of the Serine/Threonine kinases in the Planctomycetota inferred from the Pkinase domain alone provided support for lineage-specific expansions of the Serine/Threonine kinases in "Ca. Uabimicrobium amorphum". The results imply that expansions of eukaryotic-like signal transduction systems are not restricted to multicellular organisms, but have occurred in parallel in prokaryotes with predatory lifestyles and phagocytotic-like behaviors., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution.)

Objectives: We report routinely collected outcome data from an 8-week outpatient rehabilitative therapy program. The aims of the intervention were to (1) reduce symptom severity and (2) improve functional mobility in adults with functional neurological disorder (FND)., Methods: The program delivered individual physiotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and self-management sessions, group physiotherapy, and psychoeducation. Outcome measures included the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS), 10-Meter Walk Test (10MWT), Timed Up and Go (TUG), and Berg Balance Scale (BBS). Data were analyzed retrospectively in accordance with routine service evaluation. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests assessed changes in outcomes between weeks 1 and 8 for all patients completing treatment (n = 45). For patients who attended the 3-month follow-up (n = 31), Friedman's ANOVA assessed overall change in outcomes over time. Post hoc Wilcoxon signed-rank tests compared pairs of time-points (Weeks 1, 8, and 3-month follow-up)., Results: Analyses of patients completing the program revealed significant improvements in scores between week 1 and week 8. Excluding the BBS, there were statistically significant improvements in all outcomes between weeks 1 and 8 and between weeks 1 and 3-month follow-up., Discussion: This outpatient therapy program provided effective treatment for FND. Patients reported reduced anxiety, depression, and functional impairment, as well as improved performance on most physiotherapy measures., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

Background and Objective: Data regarding open conversion (OC) during minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for renal tumors are reported from big databases, without precise description of the reason and management of OC. The objective of this study was to describe the rate, reasons, and perioperative outcomes of OC in a cohort of patients who underwent MIS for renal tumor initially. The secondary objective was to find the factors associated with OC., Methods: Between 2008 and 2022, of the 8566 patients included in the UroCCR project prospective database (NCT03293563), who underwent laparoscopic or robot-assisted minimally invasive partial (MIPN) or radical (MIRN) nephrectomy, 163 experienced OC. Each center was contacted to enlighten the context of OC: "emergency OC" implied an immediate life-threatening situation not reasonably manageable with MIS, otherwise "elective OC". To evaluate the predictive factors of OC, a 2:1 paired cohort on the UroCCR database was used., Key Findings and Limitations: The incidence rate of OC was 1.9% for all cases of MIS, 2.9% for MIRN, and 1.4% for MIPN. OC procedures were mostly elective (82.2%). The main reason for OC was a failure to progress due to anatomical difficulties (42.9%). Five patients (3.1%) died within 90 d after surgery. Increased body mass index (BMI; odds ratio [OR]: 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-1.09, p  = 0.009) and cT stage (OR: 2.22, 95% CI: 1.24-4.25, p  = 0.008) were independent predictive factors of OC., Conclusions and Clinical Implications: In MIS for renal tumors, OC was a rare event (1.9%), caused by various situations, leading to impaired perioperative outcomes. Emergency OC occurred once every 300 procedures. Increased BMI and cT stage were independent predictive factors of OC., Patient Summary: The incidence rate of open conversion (OC) in minimally invasive surgery for renal tumors is low. Only 20% of OC procedures occur in case of emergency, and others are caused by various situations. Increased body mass index and cT stage were independent predictive factors of OC., (© 2024 The Author(s).)

Estrogen receptor positive (ER + ) breast cancer is the most common breast cancer diagnosed annually in the US with endocrine-based therapy as standard-of-care for this breast cancer subtype. Endocrine therapy includes treatment with antiestrogens, such as selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), selective estrogen receptor downregulators (SERDs), and aromatase inhibitors (AIs). Despite the appreciable remission achievable with these treatments, a substantial cohort of women will experience primary tumor recurrence, subsequent metastasis, and eventual death due to their disease. In these cases, the breast cancer cells have become resistant to endocrine therapy, with endocrine resistance identified as the major obstacle to the medical oncologist and patient. To combat the development of endocrine resistance, the treatment options for ER + , HER2 negative breast cancer now include CDK4/6 inhibitors used as adjuvants to antiestrogen treatment. In addition to the dysregulated activity of CDK4/6, a plethora of genetic and biochemical mechanisms have been identified that contribute to endocrine resistance. These mechanisms, which have been identified by lab-based studies utilizing appropriate cell and animal models of breast cancer, and by clinical studies in which gene expression profiles identify candidate endocrine resistance genes, are the subject of this review. In addition, we will discuss molecular targeting strategies now utilized in conjunction with endocrine therapy to combat the development of resistance or target resistant breast cancer cells. Of approaches currently being explored to improve endocrine treatment efficacy and patient outcome, two adaptive cell survival mechanisms, autophagy, and "reversible" senescence, are considered molecular targets. Autophagy and/or senescence induction have been identified in response to most antiestrogen treatments currently being used for the treatment of ER + breast cancer and are often induced in response to CDK4/6 inhibitors. Unfortunately, effective strategies to target these cell survival pathways have not yet been successfully developed. Thus, there is an urgent need for the continued interrogation of autophagy and "reversible" senescence in clinically relevant breast cancer models with the long-term goal of identifying new molecular targets for improved treatment of ER + breast cancer., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision., (Copyright © 2024 McGrath, Abolhassani, Guy, Elshazly, Barrett, Mivechi, Gewirtz and Schoenlein.)

Introduction: The objective of this study is to make an inventory of surgical practices and their consequences in the short and medium term on sexuality and micturition comfort., Materials and Methods: It is a retrospective multicenter study over ten years on 63 men who had an operation for a fracture of the corpora cavernosa associated or not with a urethral lesion. Patient history, clinical presentation, surgical management as well as postoperative data were collected from operative reports. Residual penis curvature, IIEF5 score, IPSS score and residual pain were collected during a telephone interview during data collection., Results: No statistically significant difference was demonstrated for IIEF5, IPSS, sequelae curvature, pain during intercourse, time to resumption of sexual life, rate of surgical resumption between use of absorbable or non-absorbable threads and between the realization of an overlock or a separate point. We found a significant difference in the time taken to resume sexual activity, between surgical exploration by degloving compared to elective surgical exploration., Conclusion: Our study shows great variability in the surgical management of penile fractures, with no influence in the short and medium term on sexuality and urination comfort. Medium-term complications such as erectile dysfunction, curvature of the penis and pain during sexual intercourse seem frequent and insufficiently diagnosed, but decrease during urological follow-up., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.. All rights reserved.)

Aim: Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized treatment of metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). Our goal was to assess for an association between immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and clinical outcomes for patients on ICIs. Methods: We analyzed a cohort of 110 HNSCC patients who received ICI therapy at the University of Virginia. Results: On review, 48% of our patients experienced an irAE with the most common events being hypothyroidism (30%), dermatitis (14%) and hepatitis (11%). Women were more likely to experience irAEs. Treatment interruption/discontinuation occurred in 43% patients with irAEs. Development of irAEs was associated with superior objective response rate (68 vs. 39%, p  = 0.009), with a greater rate of CR (17 vs. 5%) and PR (32 vs. 16%). Twelve patients underwent ICI re-treatment following irAE, with 17% attaining a complete disease response, 25% attaining a partial response, 33% achieving stable disease and 25% experiencing disease progression with ICI resumption. Conclusion: Development of irAE was associated with superior objective response rate, with a greater rate of CR and PR. ICI re-treatment following irAE was feasible in a significant proportion of patients and can be attempted in carefully selected patients, given the dearth of second-line therapies for these patients.