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BF2 complexes of 1,3-dipyrrolyl-1,3-diketones are highly emissive compounds and well known to be π-electronic anion-responsive systems because of their role in the formation of ion-pair assemblies. Despite their impressive electronic properties, their broader potential remains unexplored. Here, we synthesized a series of novel mono-functionalized π-electronic BF2 complexes of 1,3-dipyrrolyl-1,3-diketones. Controlled functionalization was achieved by selectively introducing formyl, iodo, nitro and amine groups at the α-position of the unsubstituted pyrrole of 1,3-dipyrrolyl-1,3-diketone BF2 complexes. Single crystal X-ray diffraction studies of compounds 2 and 4 provided definitive evidence of their molecular structures and confirmed selective functionalization. Detailed photophysical and electrochemical studies revealed the alteration of electronic properties through the choice of functional groups as evidenced by distinct absorption and emission profiles. Furthermore, DFT calculations complemented the experimental findings by providing insights into the bandgap energies and molecular stability of the compounds. These functionalized BF2 complexes represent valuable building blocks for developing new derivatives with applications spanning organic electronics, bioimaging, and chemosensors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Redox-induced magnetic regulation in organic diradicals is distinctly attractive. In this work, taking nitroxide radicals as spin sources, we predict the magnetic properties of 9, 10-anthraquinone, 9, 10-phenaquone, 9, 10-diazanthracene and 9, 10-diazepine-bridged molecular diradical structures in which the couplers are prone to dihydrogenation reduction at positions 9 and 10. As evidenced at both the B3LYP and M06-2X levels of theory, the calculations confirm that the magnetic transitions between ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism can take place for 9, 10-anthraquinone and 9, 10-diazanthracene-bridged diradicals after dihydrogenation. The differences in the magnetic behaviors and magnetic magnitudes of 9, 10-anthraquinone and 9, 10-diazanthracene-bridged diradicals before and after dihydrogenation could be attributed to their noticeably different spin-interacting pathways. As for 9, 10-phenaquone and 9, 10-diazepine-bridged diradicals, the calculated results indicate that the signs of their magnetic exchange coupling constants J do not change, but the magnitudes remarkably change after dihydrogenation. The connecting bond character and spin polarization are crucial in explaining the different magnetic magnitudes of these designed diradicals. In detail, shorter bonds and larger spin polarization are responsible for strong magnetic coupling. In addition, the diradical with an extensively π-conjugated structure can effectively promote magnetic coupling. The McConnell's spin alternation rule is the key to understanding the observed ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism of these diradicals. The work provides useful information for the rational design of redox-regulated magnetic molecular switches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of functional materials and the use of nanotechnology are ongoing projects. These fields are closely linked, but there is a need to combine them more actively. Nanoarchitectonics, a concept that comes after nanotechnology, is ready to do this. Among the related research efforts, research into creating functional materials through the formation of thin layers on surfaces, molecular membranes, and multilayer structures of these materials have a lot of implications. Layered structures are especially important as a key part of nanoarchitectonics. The diversity of the components and materials used in layer-by-layer (LbL) assemblies is a notable feature. Examples of LbL assemblies introduced in this review article include quantum dots, nanoparticles, nanocrystals, nanowires, nanotubes, g-C3N4, graphene oxide, MXene, nanosheets, zeolites, nanoporous materials, sol–gel materials, layered double hydroxides, metal–organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, conducting polymers, dyes, DNAs, polysaccharides, nanocelluloses, peptides, proteins, lipid bilayers, photosystems, viruses, living cells, and tissues. These examples of LbL assembly show how useful and versatile it is. Finally, this review will consider future challenges in layer-by-layer nanoarchitectonics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, we report the serendipitous discovery of a racemic chemosensor ([2]HA2) that outputs three signal patterns (1/0/−1) in response to two external stimuli (hydrostatic pressure and solvent); these signals can be observed by hydrostatic pressure spectroscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fish early life stages are well known for their sensitivity to crude oil exposure. However, the effect of crude oil exposure on adults and their gametes during their spawning period is not well studied. Polar cod, a key arctic fish, may be at risk for crude oil exposure during this potentially sensitive life stage. Additionally, this species experiences lower food availability during their spawning season, with unknown combined consequences. In the present study, wild-caught polar cod were exposed to decreasing levels of a water-soluble fraction (WSF) of crude oil or control conditions and fed either at a low or high feed ration to assess the combined effect of both stressors. Samples were taken during late gonadal development, during active spawning (spawning window), and in the post-spawning period. Histology analysis of gonads from fish sampled during the spawning window showed that oil-exposed polar cod were more likely to have spawned compared to controls. Oil-exposed females had 947 differentially regulated hepatic genes, and their eggs had a higher polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon body burden compared to controls. Feed ration did not consistently affect polar cod's response to oil exposure for the endpoints measured, however, did alone result in decreases in some sperm motility parameters. These results suggest that polar cod's spawning period is a sensitive life event to crude oil exposure, while feed limitation may play a minor role for this supposedly capital breeder. The effects of adult exposure to crude oil on gamete quality and the next generation warrant further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The new Japanese guidelines for primary aldosteronism introduce a category in the judgment of functional confirmatory tests that is called the "borderline range," which is rare in the other international guidelines. The clinical characteristics of this borderline group are not yet understood. To investigate whether this borderline group has any significant differences in terms of target organ damage, we used data from a Japanese nationwide registry (JPAS-II) of individuals with primary aldosteronism or essential hypertension to compare the borderline group with the definitive-positive group and the negative group. We analyzed the cases of 1785 patients based on their captopril-challenge test results. Since the JPAS-II database contains plasma aldosterone concentration values obtained based on both radioimmunoassay (n = 1555) and chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (n = 230) principles, we converted these values to their equivalents as if measured by chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay and conducted all analyses under the simulated condition. Multicovariate-adjusted models revealed significant prevalance odds ratios for chronic kidney disease (2.01, 95% confidence interval: 1.13 to 3.61), electrocardiographic abnormalities (1.66, 95% confidence interval: 1.16 to 2.37). No significant difference was observed between the borderline and negative groups in these assessments (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] for chronic kidney disease: 0.73 [0.26 to 2.02] and electrocardiographic abnormalities: 1.01 [0.60 to 1.70]). We confirmed that the prevalence of target organ damage increases linearly as the aldosterone-to-renin ratio rises following the captopril challenge test. These results provide material to consider regarding the significance of the provisionally established borderline group., Competing Interests: Compliance with ethical standards. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Japanese Society of Hypertension.)