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BACKGROUND: Leukocytoclastic vasculitis is mediated by a type III hypersensitivity reaction. This entity is the most common vasculitis in clinical practice and is associated with a wide spectrum of conditions: autoimmune, neoplasms, infections, or drug hypersensitivity. Leukocytoclastic vasculitis is an infrequent manifestation of hypersensitivity to drugs; pharmacodermias only cause between 10 and 24% of cases; the most common causative agents are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, beta-lactam antibiotics, or sulfa drugs. Clinically it manifests as palpable purpura that predominates in the lower extremities and trauma sites. Treatment focuses on symptom control, low-dose corticosteroids, or colchicine. When the cause is a medication, the prognosis is favorable and the suspension of the causative drug is usually healing. CLINICAL CASE: Case 1: A 31-year-old male patient who presented, after consuming ketorolac, a dermatosis of both legs with purpuric spots and blisters with a necrotic center, that subsided after 5 days. Case 2: A 45-year-old male patient who manifested purpuric spots and blisters 12 hours after consuming naproxen. CONCLUSIONS: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can potentially precipitate leukocytoclastic vasculitis, and early diagnosis and treatment reduce morbidity in adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is a severe cutaneous adverse reaction, typically characterized by the appearance of multiple pinpoint non-follicular pustules, less than 5 mm, sterile, on an erythematous-edematous base, and can be disseminated. Up to 90% of cases are associated with drug administration. It usually resolves in less than 15 days with a good prognosis. We describe the case of a 31-year-old man who experienced drug-induced AGEP with multisystem involvement. However, at the onset, he presented with purpuric lesions on the skin and oral mucosal involvement, leading to the consideration of other differential diagnoses. The clinical evolution, including pustule formation and histopathological findings, led to the diagnosis of AGEP. He received standard supportive care, including topical and systemic corticosteroids, with a favorable clinical outcome. This case highlights an atypical presentation of AGEP and the possibility of overlap with other drug adverse reactions, emphasizing the need for timely and accurate diagnosis and management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Drug Reaction Syndrome with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) is an adverse drug reaction, being life-threatening in 10% of cases. CLINICAL CASE: 15-year-old male patient attended the pediatric emergency department with a clinical history of morbilliform and pruritic exanthema on the face and neck of 9 days of evolution, extending to the thorax and extremities, accompanied by fever of 38.0°C of 1 day of evolution. The patient had a history of atopy and acne vulgaris, treated with minocycline. On admission the hemogram showed leukocytes 16,900 cells/ml, eosinophils 18.2%, neutrophils 6.2%. Blood chemistry revealed: creatinine 1.92 mg/dl, TSGO 45 U/L, TSGP 287 U/L, CRP: 62.8 mg/L and ESR 21 mm/h. It was decided to admit him to the pediatric intensive care unit, since he complies with 7 RegiSCAR points. CONCLUSION: DRESS syndrome is a severe and potentially fatal reaction; its diagnosis is a challenge due to its heterogeneity and clinical variability. It should be taken into consideration after a detailed interrogation that yields the use of suspicious drugs prior to the onset of symptoms, even though its incidence has not been fully described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Boletín Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromáticas is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Chile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La Hipomineralización Molar Incisivo (HMI) presenta una prevalencia entre 2,9% y 44%. El dolor y la hipersensibilidad dentaria son el principal motivo de consulta de los pacientes afectados, y es por ello que un diagnóstico oportuno y una intervención eficaz brinda mejoras notables en la calidad de vida del paciente. Presentación de caso: Se trata de paciente masculino de 8 años de edad quien acude al Servicio de Odontopediatría y Ortodoncia del Centro Médico Docente la Trinidad por presentar dolor e hipersensibilidad. En la evaluación clínica y radiográfica se observa destrucción de gran parte de esmalte y dentina en los primeros molares permanentes superiores e inferiores, con restauraciones atípicas presentes, siendo el diagnóstico de HMI severa con pulpitis irreversible. También se diagnostica maloclusión Clase II División 1 con mordida profunda. Se realiza, bajo sedación endovenosa, extracción de los primeros molares permanentes, logrando la mesialización de los segundos molares permantes con el cierre de espacio completo y correcta inclinación, evidenciando una óptima evolución. Una vez emergidos los segundos molares permanentes, inicia tratamiento de Ortodoncia con mecánica Clase II. Conclusión: El caso del paciente reportado presentó hipomineralización severa de los primeros molares permanentes, siendo tratado con extracciones de los molares permanentes afectados en el momento oportuno. En el seguimiento a 5 años se observó mesialización exitosa de los segundos molares permanentes.