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This review article explores the transformative impact of AI and IoT in livestock management, highlighting their pivotal role in advancing Agriculture 4.0. It delves into various technologies such as robotics, nanotechnology, and gene editing, which are reshaping farming and food systems towards sustainability. The paper emphasizes the significance of digital phenotyping in poultry, particularly in enhancing productivity, animal welfare, and sustainability through innovative genomics research and health monitoring platforms. Additionally, it examines the evolution of e-agriculture in India, focusing on government initiatives and the increasing influence of mobile technology in farming. The role of Big Data in Smart Farming is also scrutinized, revealing its extensive impact beyond primary production and its potential in reshaping supply chain dynamics and business models. The review further assesses the contributions of IoT in agricultural systems, particularly in meeting the challenges of a rapidly growing global population. Through this comprehensive analysis, the paper underscores the necessity for ongoing research and development in these areas, recognizing the potential challenges and opportunities presented by these robust, sustainable, and in creating a more technologically advanced agricultural future.

This review article titled “Revolutionizing Agriculture: The Impact of AI and IoT” delves into the transformative role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) in modern agriculture. It encapsulates the burgeoning wave of digitalization and its implications for data-driven farming practices. The paper comprehensively reviews the advancements in digital agriculture management, highlighting the integration of AI, IoT devices, machine learning, and sensor technology in enhancing farming efficiency and productivity. Emphasis is placed on the use of robotics, drones for crop monitoring, and smart irrigation systems, which leverage real-time data for optimized agricultural operations. The role of high-speed 5G networks in enabling these smart farming solutions is also discussed, particularly their impact on data transmission and connectivity in rural settings. Challenges and opportunities in implementing Smart Decision Support Systems (SDSS) in developing countries are explored, focusing on real-time soil analysis and decision-making aids for farmers. The review further discusses a proposed cloud-based system for remote farm monitoring, employing AI-based models for efficient data processing and improving farming practices. This article aims to provide a nuanced understanding of the current and future potential of AI and IoT in reshaping agricultural practices, addressing global food security challenges, and supporting sustainable development.

Family ownership is a special form of the known forms of ownership that is distinguished from it in that the owners are relatives who belong to one family. This is what the legislator in the Emirate approved under Family Property Law No. (9) of 2020 in more detail, and thus completed this type of ownership with the social life and Emirati customs and traditions. Therefore, the legislator in the Emirate of Dubai was keen to organize this type of ownership in an optional manner for the securities related to the allocation of this type of ownership. The study aimed to establish a comprehensive and clear legal framework for the family institution in the Emirate of Dubai, and to facilitate its transfer between successive generations easily and smoothly, and to maintain the exclusivity of ownership, the role it plays in achieving institutional economic growth in the emirate, and to maintain social prostitution, and to stay away from everything. What may increase disputes between family members. The study concluded with a number of distinguished results: Public property in both federal laws and the law of the Emirate of Dubai has a form of common ownership, and the legislator has organized its download within common ownership (compulsory common ownership), while the legislator in the Emirate of Dubai has allocated an independent law under the name of the Family Organization Law. It concluded many tips, including: The urgent need for a strong organization of commercial ownership in the Federation of Legal Contractors, similar to the legislator in the Emirate of Dubai, since this is the reason it is also in the field of family commercial companies and real estate, and therefore the UAE legislator allowed one of three celebrities to be an exception to the rule that it also requires. However, the legislator should have rejected this and not not taken it into account; because it is contrary to starting with family ownership, which is exclusive ownership between family members or the family for downloading. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, colloidal AgNPs have been synthesized through chemical reduction (cold method) with sodium borohydride (NaBH4) as the reducing agent, and the solution was modified by adding 0.1 ml of both NH3 and HNO3 solutions to the various pH values. The silver nanoparticles colloidal suspension was then preserved utilizing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The impact of pH on the AgNPs’ size was discussed, and the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) behavior of AgNPs in aqueous sols prepared at various pH values varies. Surface plasmon peaks at around (434,426, 410 nm) wavelengths and different pH levels (5, 7, and11). For the reaction system; when changing different Ph values, the silver nanoparticles size scale was determined. At high pH, compared to low pH, smaller silver nanoparticles were obtained. Plasmon resonance shows a difference in the size of AgNPs. Ag NPs have a cubic polycrystalline structure, according to X-Ray diffraction (XRD). The Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX), Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) were used to characterize Ag NPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polystyrene (PS) films are photostabilized by 2-amino pyridine derivative compounds. Investigations were conducted on compounds of (a-e). The casting method was used to create PS films with complexes present in concentrations of 0.5 % by weight, while chloroform served as the solvent. By keeping track of the carbonyl indices as the exposure duration progressed, the photostabilization activities of these compounds were discovered. Using chloroform as a solvent, the variations in PS's viscosity average molecular weight with exposure time were also monitored. The theoretical results of the PS modification compounds showed that the total energy values of PS-D are higher energy content than the rest of the studied models. The negative sign in the HOMO energy indicates stability, that is, it is less effective, where values are shown (HOMO) PS-C is the least effective (stable) and PS-E is the most effective (unstable). The thermodynamic theoretical outcome was shown that all reactions are endothermic and spontaneous, and the results of the (energy gap) values gave a range from 2.38453 eV for PS-C to 2.60277 eV. For PVCE, which proves that all PS modifications are conductive or semiconducting materials for electricity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a novel method is proposed for selective deposition of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) and growth of ZnO Nanorods (NRs) on multi‐dimensional patterned polymer surfaces. The method involves microfabrication of functionalized 1D, 2D, and 3D polymer structures by two‐photon polymerization (TPP) followed by selective assembly of ZnO NPs acting as seeds before growing ZnO NRs by chemical bath deposition (CBD) technique at low temperature. The immobilization of the ZnO NPs seed layer is done by electrostatic interaction between the positively charged polymer surface functionalized by amine groups and the negatively charged ZnO NPs functionalized by citrate molecules. The influence of citrate molecules on the stability of the ZnO NPs dispersions and their immobilization on the polymer surface is demonstrated. Spatially controlled and selective growth of ZnO NRs is shown at low temperatures on multi‐dimensional structures up to 9 mm2 and having different shapes, including 1D polymer lines, 2D microplates, and 3D arrays of cones. The diameter of NRs and their orientation can be controlled through the size of ZnO NPs and the shape of the polymer structure respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & Aim: Medication errors are a significant concern in healthcare, with effective management largely dependent on understanding its causes and reporting practices. This study aims to explore the experiences of Jordanian nurses in relation to medication error occurrence and reporting within the Jordanian context and the factors that may influence their decisions to report or not. Methods & Materials: A qualitative descriptive approach was used. 24 nurses from three different hospitals were interviewed. The hospitals included a major governmental institution, a private facility, and a university hospital, ensuring diverse healthcare settings. Data were analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis, and the study was reported guided by the COREQ checklist. Results: Three major themes were identified: Obsolete policies and guidelines, Adapting to an Unhealthy Environment, and Trying to adjust: creating own definition for medication errors. In our study, medication errors emerged as a pervasive issue across Jordanian hospitals, attributed to both systemic failures and individual practices. Despite existing policies, participants reported frequent medication errors due to obsolete guidelines, lack of adherence, and an environment that hinders effective medication administration. Conclusion: The study reveals the critical issues of medication errors in Jordanian hospitals due to outdated policies and challenging environments. It emphasizes the need for updated protocols and a culture supportive of error reporting. Addressing these factors is essential for improving patient safety and healthcare quality.