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Abstract Infusion extravasation has an increased incidence in newborns, which can result in various adverse outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different types of temperament on infusion extravasation in newborns. A total of 209 newborns aged 4–7 days who were treated with infusion therapy were assessed for temperament type using the neonatal behavioral assessment scale score (NBAS). The 2009 Infusion Nurses Society clinical grading criteria for extravasation were used, and the clinical data of the newborns, such as gestational age and body weight, were collected. Out of 209 newborns assessed, 107 developed infusion extravasations, with an incidence rate of 51.2%. Newborns with intermediate temperament type were more prone to develop infusion extravasation. Newborns with low body weight, amniotic fluid aspiration syndrome, or meconium aspiration syndrome were prone to develop infusion extravasation. Body weight, temperament type of consolability, temperament type of peak of excitement, diseases, general temperament type, and NBAS total scores of the neonates were independent risk factors for infusion extravasation. Thus, different types of temperament can have an impact on neonatal extravasation.

CO2 geological storage is a guaranteed technology for achieving carbon neutrality. The offshore deposit basin is far away from the human activity area, and the implementation of a CO2 geological storage is more advantageous than the land sedimentary basin. To find out the CO2 storage potential in the Weixinan sag of the Beibu Gulf Basin, based on the 8 indicators such as caprock burial depth, the maximum thickness of single layer mudstone, mud-soil ratio, fault density and reservoir porosity, formation thickness, sand-soil ratio, permeability, etc., it has established a reservoir evaluation system for the secondary structure unit of the basin. Combined with the core physical property data of lays and 3D geological models, the reservoir and caprock of the Weixinan sag are optimized, and the effective storage potential is evaluated with the US-DOE method. The results show that within 800−3000 meters below the sea floor, in the Weixinan sag, there are two sets of reservoir-cap combinations suitable for CO2 storage. Combination 1: in Neogene, the neritic mudstone of the first member of the Jiaowei Formation is the cap rock, and the neritic sandstone of the second member of the Jiaowei Formation and the Xiayang Formation is the reservoir, and the effective storage capacity is 0.749 billion tons. Combination 2: in the Paleogene, the deep lake mudstone in the second member of the Weizhou Formation is the cap rock, and the sandstone in the third member of the Weizhou Formation is the reservoir, and the effective storage capacity is 0.374 billion tons. In the Weixinan sag, two sets of reservoir-cap assemblages suitable for CO2 storage in the saline aquifers are selected, with an effective storage capacity of 1.123 billion tons. According to the evaluation of the annual CO2 emission of 70 million tons in the west of Guangdong Province, it can meet the CO2 emission reduction needs of the region for more than 16 years. Offshore geological storage is a potential path for the green and sustainable development of coastal heavy chemical clustering areas and to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality.

Abstract Bleeding and thrombosis are known as common complications of polycythemia for a long time. However, the role of coagulation system in erythropoiesis is unclear. Here, we discover that an anticoagulant protein tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) plays an essential role in erythropoiesis via the control of heme biosynthesis in central macrophages. TFPI levels are elevated in erythroblasts of human erythroblastic islands with JAK2 V617F mutation and hypoxia condition. Erythroid lineage-specific knockout TFPI results in impaired erythropoiesis through decreasing ferrochelatase expression and heme biosynthesis in central macrophages. Mechanistically, the TFPI interacts with thrombomodulin to promote the downstream ERK1/2-GATA1 signaling pathway to induce heme biosynthesis in central macrophages. Furthermore, TFPI blockade impairs human erythropoiesis in vitro, and normalizes the erythroid compartment in mice with polycythemia. These results show that erythroblast-derived TFPI plays an important role in the regulation of erythropoiesis and reveal an interplay between erythroblasts and central macrophages.

Abstract Background Nuciferine (NUC), a natural compound extracted from lotus leaves, has been proven to have anti‐obesity effects. However, the development and application of NUC as an anti‐obesity drug in dogs are hindered due to its poor water solubility and low bioavailability. Objective To promote the development of NUC‐related products for anti‐obesity in dogs, this study prepared NUC into a liposome formulation and evaluated its characteristics, pharmacokinetics in dogs, and anti‐obesity effects on high‐fat diet dogs. Methods NUC liposomes were prepared by the ethanol injection method, using NUC, egg lecithin, and β‐sitosterol as raw materials. The characteristics and release rate in vitro of liposomes were evaluated by particle size analyser and dialysis method, respectively. The pharmacokinetics in dogs after oral administration of NUC‐liposomes was carried out by the high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Moreover, we investigated the anti‐obesity effect of NUC‐liposomes on obese dogs fed with a high‐fat diet. Results NUC‐liposome was successfully prepared, with an EE of (79.31 ± 1.06)%, a particle size of (81.25 ± 3.14) nm, a zeta potential of (–18.75 ± 0.23) mV, and a PDI of 0.175 ± 0.031. The cumulative release rate in vitro of NUC from NUC‐liposomes was slower than that of NUC. The T1/2 and relative bioavailability of NUC‐liposomes in dogs increased, and CL reduced compared with NUC. In addition, the preventive effect of NUC‐liposomes on obesity in high‐fat diet dogs is stronger than that of NUC. Conclusions The liposome formulation of NUC was conducive to improve its relative bioavailability and anti‐obesity effect in dogs.

In this study, high-throughput sequencing technology and statistical analysis were employed to explore the effects of adding green tea at proportions of 10%, 20%, and 30% on physicochemical characteristics, bacterial community diversity and succession of Daqu during fermentation compared with pure wheat Daqu (control). The results showed that the addition of green tea significantly increased the bacterial community diversity of Daqu and improved its saccharification capacity, moisture content and acidity. However, the increase in tea addition did not exhibit a proportional relationship with the community diversity. The unique evolutionary structure of the bacterial communities in different types of Daqu was found to be the major factor affecting the physicochemical characteristics of Daqu. During the fermentation process, all four Daqu exhibited differentiation in bacterial community succession starting from the thermophilic stage, thereby leading to the formation of their unique community structure at the end of the fermentation process. The phyla Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, and Actinobacteria showed varying influences on the community succession of the four Daqu samples, thus making each of them have different physicochemical characteristics. Specifically, Pseudomonas was an important bacterial genus contributing to the physicochemical characteristics of the control and 10% tea Daqu, while Weissella and Pediococcus, were important contributors to the physicochemical characteristics of the 20% tea Daqu. Bacillus was found to be a significant bacterial genus contributing to the physicochemical characteristics of the 30% tea Daqu. This study provides a theoretical basis for process optimization in the production of tea-added Daqu and for the development of multi-raw material fermentation starters. It also has implications for improving the preparation process of Daqu and the application of tea in Daqu making.

Norisoprenoids are important chemical compounds to grape and wine aroma, and their content in the grape berries can be greatly affected by varietal, terroir, and environmental factors. In this study, we investigate how major factors, such as genotype and climate conditions, influence the physicochemical properties of grape juice, volatile C13-norisoprenoid compounds, and gene expression profiles of three Vitis vinifera grape varieties: Muscat blanc à Petit grain, Muscat à petits grains rouges, and Gewürztraminer during the production period in 2010 and 2011. The total soluble solids (TSS) of both Muscat varieties were significantly higher in 2011 compared to 2010, reflecting interannual climatic variations, while Gewürztraminer showed no significant differences. At full maturity, total acid of all three cultivars was consistent between the years, indicating genetic determination. Thirteen norisoprenoids were identified, with Muscat varieties showing consistently higher levels than Gewürztraminer, irrespective of the production year. Varietal differences were significant for 13 out of 14 volatile compounds, and vintage effects were notable for 11 compounds, including key aroma contributors β-damascenone and β-ionone. OPLS-DA analysis highlighted distinct volatile profiles for each variety and vintage, influenced by climatic factors such as precipitation and sunlight hours. Gene expression analysis revealed strong correlations between VvCCD1, VvCCD4a, and VvCCD4b genes and C13-norisoprenoid accumulation, with these genes also implicated in the ABA biosynthesis pathway. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in VvCCD1, VvCCD4a, and VvCCD4b were linked to variations in norisoprenoid content among the cultivars. Altogether, these findings revealed the interaction of genetic and environmental factors in shaping the physicochemical properties for the grape, volatile profiles, and gene expression patterns of grape berries, with significant implications for viticulture and the winemaking process.

At present, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has issued interim guidelines for the direct stability assessment of surf-riding and broaching for the second-generation intact stability criteria. Accurately and efficiently predicting surf-riding and broaching remains a key problem to be solved for the direct stability assessment of surf-riding and broaching. Therefore, a six-degree-of-freedom(6DOF) coupled mathematical model is established in this paper. Firstly, the four-degree-of-freedom(4DOF) coupled equations of surge–sway–roll–yaw motions are built based on the traditional MMG maneuvering mathematical model by considering Froude–Krylov forces, diffraction forces and restoring forces, and the heave and pitch are approximately calculated by iteratively solving improved static equilibrium equations in real-time, effectively solving the divergence problem in direct time-domain seakeeping calculations of high-speed ships in stern-quartering waves. Secondly, the hydrodynamic lift forces due to the coexistence of wave particle velocity and ship forward velocity are taken into account in the propeller-thrust and rudder-force models. In addition, the real-time emersion of twin rudders in waves is considered in the rudder-force models. At the same time, the free-running model experiments with a ONR tumblehome vessel are carried out in stern-quartering waves, and the pure loss of stability and broaching motions are observed. Finally, comparative validations between the calculations and the experiments of surf-riding and broaching in stern-quartering waves are carried out, and the effects of the ship speed, the instantaneous wetted surface of the hull, rudder exposure, heave and pitch motions on predicting surf-riding and broaching motions are investigated. The computation results show that the established 6DOF mathematical model has enough accuracy to be used for the direct stability assessment of the surf-riding and broaching failure modes.