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Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii- dominated harmful algae blooms have been reported globally in recent years. However, our understanding of the ecology of C. raciborskii in natural conditions is still poor. In this study, we collected the water samples from a C. raciborskii -blooming lake, Yilong Lake, in Yunnan province, China, and used both culture-dependent and culture-independent approaches to investigate their microbial communities and the interactions between C. raciborskii and the other bacteria. The composition and diversity of microbial communities were revealed with 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing data analysis. Microbial co-occurrences analysis suggests C. raciborskii may have complex associations with other bacteria. Based on co-inoculation tests, we obtained 14 strains of bacterial strains from the water samples that exhibited either algicidal or promoting effects on a strain of C. raciborskii. Two bacterial isolates exhibited a consistent performance between co-occurrence analysis and experimental results. Effects of these bacteria-algae interspecies interactions on the bloom event are discussed. All these results may provide new insights into the C. raciborskii -dominated blooms and how its interspecies relationships with other bacteria may influence the bloom events in eutrophic waters throughout the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Most head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients are diagnosed at an advanced local stage. While immunotherapy has improved survival rates, only a minority of patients respond durably to targeted immunotherapies, posing substantial clinical challenges. We investigated the heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment in HNSCC cohorts before and after immunotherapy by analyzing single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data and bulk RNA sequencing datasets retrieved from public databases., Methods: We constructed a single-cell transcriptome landscape of HNSCC patients before and after immunotherapy and analyzed the cellular composition, developmental trajectories, gene regulatory networks, and communication patterns of different cell type subpopulations. Additionally, we assessed the expression levels of relevant indicators in HNSCC cells via western blot, ELISA, and fluorescent probe techniques., Results: At the single-cell level, we identified a subpopulation of TP63 + SLC7A5 + HNSCC that exhibited a ferroptosis-resistant phenotype. This subpopulation suppresses ferroptosis in malignant cells through the transcriptional upregulation of SLC7A5 mediated by high TP63 expression, thereby promoting tumor growth and resistance to immunotherapy. The experimental results demonstrated that the overexpression of TP63 upregulated the expression of SLC7A5 and suppressed the concentrations of Fe 2+ and ROS in HNSCC cells. By integrating bulk transcriptome data, we developed a clinical scoring model based on TP63 and SLC7A5, which are closely associated with tumor stage, revealing the significant prognostic efficacy of the TP63 + SLC7A5 + HNSCC-mediated ferroptosis mechanism in HNSCC patients., Conclusion: Our research elucidates the TME in HNSCC before and after immunotherapy, revealing a novel mechanism by which TP63 + SLC7A5 + HNSCC inhibits ferroptosis and enhances tumor resistance via TP63-induced SLC7A5 upregulation. These insights lay the foundation for the development of more effective treatments for HNSCC., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Chen, Cai, Ye, Wu, Liu, Xie, Feng, Jin, Lv, Ye, Cai and Cai.)