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Abstract Background Heart failure (HF) with improved ejection fraction (EF, HFimpEF) is a distinct HF subtype, characterized by left ventricular (LV) reverse remodeling and myocardial functional recovery. Multiple cardiometabolic factors are implicated in this process. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), emerging as an endocrine and paracrine organ, contributes to the onset and progression of HF. However, the relation between EAT and the incidence of HFimpEF is still unclear. Methods A total of 203 hospitalized HF patients with reduced EF (HFrEF, LVEF ≤ 40%) who underwent coronary CT angiography (CCTA) during index hospitalization were consecutively enrolled between November 2011 and December 2022. Routine follow-up and repeat echocardiograms were performed. The incidence of HFimpEF was defined as (1) an absolute LVEF improvement ≥ 10% and (2) a second LVEF > 40% (at least 3 months apart). EAT volume and density were semiautomatically quantified on non-enhanced series of CCTA scans. Results During a median follow-up of 8.6 (4.9 ~ 13.3) months, 104 (51.2%) patients developed HFimpEF. Compared with HFrEF patients, HFimpEF patients had lower EAT volume (115.36 [IQR 87.08 ~ 154.78] mL vs. 169.67 [IQR 137.22 ~ 218.89] mL, P

The development of health-promoting hospitals is an important part of the Healthy China Initiative, facilitating the transformation of medical institutions from a primary focus on medical and surgical treatments to a patient-centered approach prioritizing public health. To promote the scientific, standardized, and sustainable development of health-promoting hospitals, the Shanghai Municipal Center for Health Promotion, together with Shanghai General Hospital and other institutions, has jointly developed the Standards for the Development of Health⁃promoting Hospitals (Standards) in accordance with the principles of scientific rigor, feasibility, and advancing with the times. The Standards outlines the requirements for the development of health-promoting hospitals across four aspects: organizational and institutional guarantees, creation of a healthy environment, implementation of health education and promotion, and evaluation. It is applicable to all levels and types of public medical institutions in Shanghai, and can also be referred to and implemented by other medical institutions. The introduction of the Standards is of great significance for promoting the formation of a long-term mechanism in health-promoting hospitals. This paper introduces the basis, principles, main content, precautions, and implementation suggestions of the Standards. Taking into account relevant policies and standards, it interprets the technical aspects in the process of developing health-promoting hospitals, which is helpful for medical institutions and their management to better understand and apply the standards in their work.

Abstract Purpose To investigate the associations between the most popular social media platform WeChat usage and cognitive performance among the middle-aged and older Chinese population using data from a nationally representative survey. Methods In total, 17,472 participants (≥ 45 years old) from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS, Wave 4, 2018) were analyzed. Cognitive performance including episodic memory and executive function was assessed using Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE). Other confounding variables included socio-economic characteristics, medical status, and lifestyle-related information. Multiple linear regression models were used to test the association between cognitive performance and WeChat usage by introducing covariates hierarchically. Subgroup analyses of age and gender were conducted to estimate the robustness of the primary findings. Results After adjusting for multiple confounders across all linear models, WeChat usage is significantly associated with executive function, episodic memory, and global cognitive performance (all p values

Objective The objective is to investigate the impact of wheel polygonalization on metro bogies, thereby strengthening the control requirements for wheel polygonalization, and enhancing the operational quality and safety performance of bogies. Method Based on the introduction of the concept of wheel polygonalization and the mathematical expression of polygonalization using methods such as wheel off roundness testing, modal testing, vibration testing, and stress testing, type of metro is comparativety tested. Result & Conclusion According to the test data: wheel polygonalization can cause main frequency vibration of the axle box position; wheel polygonalization can amplify the magnitude of axle box vibration, with the test object containing obvious wheel polygonalization resulting in an 18% increase in axle box vibration; when the excitation frequency of wheel polygonalization is close to the structural modal frequency, the structural stress will increase significantly, with the stress at key measuing points increasing by more than twice, indicating that wheel polygonalization has a significant impact on structural strength.

Phosphine is a major fumigant for insects control in stored products. However, the current fumigation with aluminum phosphide to generate phosphine is facing many challenges, such as require manual operation, fumigation produce can’t be automatically performed, and management of residue contaminants. To address these issues, the study utilizes a combination of pure phosphine gas from cylinders and nitrogen from a membrane separation nitrogen generator. Phosphine and nitrogen are mixed at predetermined ratios, and the resulting gas mixture is delivered directly into sealed grain storage facilities via a controlled release device and circulated within the grain piles to ensure fumigant evenly distribution. This maintains effective phosphine concentrations within the storage facility. The exposure duration lasted for 13 days, during which phosphine concentrations were monitored, and the total mortality rate of adult insects within the grain piles was recorded. Within 9 hours of treatment initiation, gas concentrations reached 736 mL/m3, peaking at 1 160 mL/m3, with an effective average concentration above 200 mL/m3 sustained for 10 days. The gas circulated and distributed uniformly within the treated space, enabling effective control of major stored commodity pests within a relatively short exposure period.

ObjectiveTo investigate the current situation of health communication carried out by medical institutions in Shanghai through new media platforms such as WeChat， Weibo， Toutiao， Douyin， Kuaishou， Bilibili and WeChat Videos， and to propose targeted measures.MethodsBased on the systematic collection of new media accounts of medical institutions in Shanghai， and through the combination of keyword screening and manual audit， health communication data of medical institutions on new media platforms were determined.ResultsData from 1 117 new media accounts of 162 medical institutions in Shanghai were collected， including 610 WeChat official accounts， 105 WeChat video accounts， 89 Weibo accounts， 18 Bilibili accounts， 198 Douyin accounts， 37 Toutiao accounts， and 60 Kuaishou accounts， totaling 111 853 posts. After keyword sorting and manual screening， a total of 66 761 health science posts were collected， with WeChat Official Accounts， Douyin， and Weibo having the top three highest number of posts. Video-based new media such as Douyin， WeChat Videos， Kuaishou， and Bilibili had a better communication impact than text and image-based new media like WeChat Official Accounts， Weibo， and Toutiao. Among them， Douyin and Toutiao were the best platforms for video and text-image-based new media， respectively.ConclusionMedical institutions in Shanghai recognize the importance of new media in health communication and have made full use of various media platforms to carry out health communication，having a certain impact on health education. In the future， medical institutions should choose appropriate platforms based on target audiences and content characteristics， fully leverage the advantages of various platforms， explore innovative communication strategies， promote the dissemination of health knowledge， and enhance the health literacy of the public.

Atherosclerosis (AS), the main contributor to acute cardiovascular events, such as myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke, is characterized by necrotic core formation and plaque instability induced by cell death. The mechanisms of cell death in AS have recently been identified and elucidated. Ferroptosis, a novel iron-dependent form of cell death, has been proven to participate in atherosclerotic progression by increasing endothelial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, accumulated intracellular iron activates various signaling pathways or risk factors for AS, such as abnormal lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammation, which can eventually lead to the disordered function of macrophages, vascular smooth muscle cells, and vascular endothelial cells. However, the molecular pathways through which ferroptosis affects AS development and progression are not entirely understood. This review systematically summarizes the interactions between AS and ferroptosis and provides a feasible approach for inhibiting AS progression from the perspective of ferroptosis.

To address the current issues of insufficient precision in scenario division and limited applicability of models in energy storage planning， the paper proposes a method for refined energy storage planning based on multi-layer clustering of load scenarios. Firstly， an analysis method is introduced that considers the spatiotemporal coupling characteristics of load using association analysis and clustering， along with a multi-layer clustering method considering load spatiotemporal characteristics. Secondly， for typical load scenarios， a refined energy storage planning model is constructed that comprehensively considers carbon emissions， lifecycle costs， penalties for curtailed wind and solar power， and the coordination of energy storage and distributed energy sources. Finally， a case study is conducted on an actual distribution network， resulting in optimal coordinated configurations of energy storage and distributed energy sources for different load scenarios. This validates the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed model and method.

Abstract Aims To find potential relation between retrobulbar vessels and fundus microvessels and to detect sensitive and effective clinical indicators in predicting the progress of diabetic retinopathy (DR), ocular hemodynamics were measured using superb microvascular imaging (SMI) and ultrawide-field optical coherence tomography angiography (UWF-OCTA). Methods Observational, cross-sectional study evaluating ocular hemodynamics in patients with DR by SMI (Aplio i900, Canon Medical) and UWF-OCTA (BM-400 K BMizar, Tupai Medical Technology). The peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), and resistive index (RI) of the central retinal artery (CRA), posterior ciliary artery (PCA), and ophthalmic artery (OA) were measured by SMI. UWF-OCTA evaluated the fundus vascular parameters. A correlation analysis was used to determine the correlation between SMI and UWF-OCTA parameters. Results One hundred thirty-nine eyes of 139 diabetic patients were included: 29 without DR (NDR), 36 with mild to moderate nonproliferative DR (M-NPDR), 37 with severe NPDR (S-NPDR), and 37 with proliferative DR (PDR). PSV and EDV of retrobulbar vessels decreased from NDR to S-NPDR while increasing PDR. RI of OA showed a decreasing trend in the progression of DR, but other vessels didn’t show the same trend. ROC curve analysis showed that CRAPSV, CRAEDV, PCAEDV, OAPSV, and OAEDV had diagnostic value distinguishing M-NPDR and S-NPDR. The correlation analysis observed a significant association between the SMI parameters of CRA and PCA and UWF-OCTA parameters. CRA hemodynamics were more associated with fundus vascular parameters, especially the retina, in the NDR group than in the M-NPDR group. In contrast, PCA consistently correlated with fundus vascular parameters, especially in the choroid, from the NDR to the M-NPDR group. However, OA showed a poor correlation with OCTA parameters. Conclusion The velocity of retrobulbar vessels, mainly the CRA, may serve as a valuable predictor for assessing the progress of DR. The use of SMI in diabetic patients may help identify patients at risk of developing retinopathy.

Purpose: Our aim was to identify recent research trends on diabetic macular edema (DME) and focus on publications from different countries, institutions, and authors. Methods: We retrieved and analyzed data from January 1, 2003 to December 31, 2022 on the DME research field from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. Microsoft Excel and VOSviewer were applied to perform visualization analysis and evaluate the trends. Results: A total of 4482 publications were identified, and the annual global publications increased steadily, from 36 to 390, during this period. The United States (1339 publications, 71,754 citations), Johns Hopkins University (176 publications, 17,015 citations), and Bressler NM (76 publications, 9621 citations) were the most influential and productive countries, institutions, and authors, respectively. The top 100 keywords were classified into five clusters: (1) therapy and adverse effects of DME; (2) clinical biomarkers of DME; (3) mechanistic research on DME; (4) improving bioavailability and efficacy; and (5) early diagnosis of diabetic complications. “Diabetic macular edema,” “retinopathy,” “ranibizumab,” and “optical coherence tomography angiography” were the most frequent keywords. Regarding the average appearing years (AAYs) of the keywords, “deep learning” (AAY:2020.83), “optical coherence tomography angiography” (AAY:2019.59), “intravitreal Aflibercept” (AAY:2019.29), and “dexamethasone implant” (AAY:2019.20) were recognized as the hotspots of the DME research area in the short run. Conclusion: In the past two decades, the United States was in master status in DME research. Although intravitreal drug injection has been the mainstream therapy for a long time, the effectiveness of different drugs, such as dexamethasone, new solutions for drug delivery, such as intravitreal implantation, and more accurate tools for the classification and follow-up of DME patients, such as deep learning systems, are still research hotspots.

AimsTo investigate the association between socioeconomic position (SEP) and sensory impairments (SIs).MethodsWe used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) (2015). Logistic regressions estimated the odds ratio for associations of SEP with SIs. In addition, Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted to assess the causal relationship between them with the inverse variance weighting (IVW) estimator. MR-Egger, simple median, weighted median, maximum likelihood, and robust adjusted profile score were employed for sensitivity analyses.ResultsIn the observational survey, we enrolled 19,690 individuals aged 45 and above. SEP was negatively associated with SIs. Adjusted odds of vision impairment were higher for illiterate (1.50; 95%CI: 1.19, 1.91), less than elementary school diploma (1.76; 95%CI: 1.39, 2.25), middle school diploma (1.53; 95%CI: 1.21, 1.93) and lower income (all p

This study addresses the issue of low control accuracy and harvesting efficiency resulting from the manual adjustment of the header height during the sugarcane harvesting process in hilly and mountainous regions. An adaptive header height adjustment system was designed and implemented. A test bench for the sugarcane harvester header was designed and constructed, incorporating a LiDAR to measure the ground height at the sugarcane growth point in front, and a draw-wire displacement sensor to monitor the real-time height of the header. I/O ports were allocated, and the control program was developed in the TIA Portal environment. The PLC control system achieves the precise adjustment of the cutting height based on the collected data. The experimental results indicate that the system can quickly respond and adjust the cutting height under complex terrain conditions. When the cutting height into the soil is 0 mm, the adaptive control system’s average cutting height error is 0.28 cm, and the average response time is 2.3 s. When the cutting depth into the soil is 2 cm, the average cutting height error is 0.21 cm, and the average response time is 2.31 s.

BackgroundAn increase in deaths has been perceived during the pandemic, which cannot be explained only by COVID-19. The actual number of deaths far exceeds the recorded data on deaths directly related to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Data from early and short-lived pandemic studies show a dramatic shift in cardiovascular mortality. Grounded in the post-pandemic era, macroscopic big data on cardiovascular mortality during the pandemic need to be further reviewed and studied, which is crucial for cardiovascular disease prevention and control.MethodsWe retrieved and collected data associated with cardiovascular disease mortality from the National Vital Statistic System from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) platform based on the ICD-10 codes. We applied regression analysis to characterize overall cardiovascular disease mortality trends from 2010 to 2023 and built a time series model to predict mortality for 2020–2023 based on mortality data from 2010 to 2019 in order to affirm the existence of the excess deaths by evaluating observed vs. predicted mortality. We also conducted subgroup analyses by sex, age and race/ethnicity for the purpose of obtaining more specific sociodemographic information.ResultsAll-cause age-standardised mortality rates (ASMRs) for CVD dramatically increased between 2019 and 2021[annual percentage change (APC) 11.27%, p

Liupanshui City in Guizhou Province represents a karst mountainous region with a delicate geological environment. The area has a long history of coal mining, and several coal mines have been progressively closed in recent years. However, even after closure of coal mines, the fractured rock mass in the mined-out areas continues to undergo deformation over a specific period. In karst mountainous regions, this deformation is affected by various factors including elevation, slope, precipitation, and vegetation. In this study, we employed SBAS-InSAR technology to construct a time series of surface deformation data from January 2019 to May 2022 within Liupanshui City’s LuJiaZhai-DaPingDi Minefield. Subsequently, this data was comprehensively analyzed in conjunction with time series vegetation cover, monthly precipitation, elevation, and slope data from the identical period. The key findings of this research are as follows: 1) After the closure of the mine, the subsidence area gradually stabilized, yet the volume of subsidence continues to increase. The subsidence area primarily occurs near the MaiZiGou Coal Mine air-mining area, which had a relatively short closure time, as well as in higher elevation areas in the southern and eastern parts of the minefield. Specifically, the maximum cumulative subsidence and the subsidence rate during the study period reached −60.3 mm and −21.83 mm/a, respectively. 2) Surface deformation is closely linked to slope, vegetation type, and rainfall, with subsidence rates and amounts noticeably higher during the rainy season than in the dry season. 3) Surface vegetation cover types display varied effects on deformation, with grassland or shrub areas being more sensitive to precipitation than forests. Forests, especially pine and fir, show a delayed subsidence response to rain, typically 2–3 months post-rainy season onset. This inhibitory effect lessens with increasing slope, particularly beyond a 25° threshold, where responsiveness to precipitation and associated subsidence significantly increase. The findings of this study hold substantial scientific implications for the restoration and management of closed mining areas, as well as the prevention of geological hazards in karst complex mountainous regions.

The in-depth integration of big data technology and red cultural resources promotes the integration of red cultural resources into the integrated construction of the Civic and Political Science curriculum. In this paper, we use information gained to extract the text features of red cultural resources, combine TF*IDF to calculate the weights of feature items, represent the text to the vector space model, put forward the automatic classification algorithm of decision tree red cultural resources text, and build the framework system of red cultural resources text classification. Teaching stage and political appearance are used as independent variables, respectively, to explore the differences in the teaching effect of Civics courses at different stages of universities, secondary schools, and elementary schools as well as among CPC members, members of the League, and the people, and focuses on analyzing the utilization rate of the red cultural resources of Civics course teaching as well as the students’ participation degree. The results show that only 0.0537 students think that the school functionaries are not working correctly, and there exist 0.4308 students who believe that the classroom teaching is not innovative enough. Combining red cultural resources and the integrated teaching of Civic and Political Science courses requires more excavation of red cultural resources and connotations and the formation of characteristic teaching.

The excavation and sorting out of the thinking political elements of college courses directly determines the transmission content, promotion mode, and final effect of the course thinking political. In order to study the role of information fusion technology in the excavation of Civic Science elements in college courses, this paper investigates the current situation of college course Civic Science construction and practices the method of excavating Civic Science elements by information fusion with the help of specific course examples. From the results, both courses have achieved good results. Regarding the mining effect, 56.2% of the students in the first course thought the effect was obvious, and 54.1% of the students in the second course gave the same evaluation. Students who thought the effect was very bad were 3.5% for the first course and 2.8% for the second course. Compared with the research results, the students who think the effect is very good in a comprehensive view have relatively increased by 21.74%, and those who think the effect is very poor have relatively decreased by 25%. In terms of the role of Civic Education, there was a significant increase in students’ educational ratings in the classroom after the element mining method with the help of information integration. The average score of students’ ratings for the first course increased by 5.5 points, a 9.12% increase in comparison, with the highest score being 68.5 points. For the second course, the average student rating increased by 5 points, or 7.95%, with the highest score being 69.5. To sum up, the excavation of Civic and Political elements of college courses based on information fusion technology can effectively improve the excavation effect and the nurturing effect of Civic and Political elements, logically associate Civic and Political elements with professional education, organically integrate them in classroom teaching, and provide conceptual support and material guarantee for the positive development of Civic and Political courses.

Different chemical treatment methods were employed to modify the surface of cotton stalk fibers, which were then utilized as fillers in composite materials. These treated fibers were incorporated into polylactic acid/polypropylene melt blends using the melt blending technique. Results indicated that increasing the surface roughness of cotton stalk fibers could enhance the overall mechanical properties of the composite materials, albeit potentially leading to poor fiber–matrix compatibility. Conversely, a smooth fiber surface was found to improve compatibility with polylactic acid, while Si-O-C silane coating increased fiber regularity and interfacial interaction with the matrix, thereby enhancing heat resistance. The mechanical properties and thermal stability of the composite materials made from alkali/silane-treated fibers exhibited the most significant improvement. Furthermore, better dispersion of fibers in the matrix and more regular fiber orientation were conducive to increasing the overall crystallinity of the composite materials. However, such fiber distribution was not favorable for enhancing impact resistance, although this drawback could be mitigated by increasing the surface roughness of the reinforcing fibers.

The treatment of waste plastics has gradually become a hot topic in the current scientific community. In response to the needs for high-impact performance R-PP-based composites, carbon fiber (CF)-reinforced polyolefin elastomer (POE)/recycled polypropylene (R-PP) composite (CF/POE/R-PP) was prepared by the mechanical blending method, and its mechanical and thermal properties were systematically studied. It was found that the CF could effectively improve the bending and notch impact strength as well as enhance the thermal stability of POE/R-PP. Furthermore, a stable and dispersed composite interface formed by the combination of maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (PP-g-MAH) with the surface of CF and the fusion alkyl chains in R-PP and POE further enhanced the CF’s reinforcing effect. As a result, the addition of 9 wt.% CF successfully improved the heat resistance of the composite material, and the residual carbon content increased by 97.84% after sintering. The composite toughening of POE and CF effectively improved the impact strength of the composite material, with a maximum increase of over 1000%. This study ultimately resulted in a high-impact-resistant composite material.

Contribution: A novel proactive and collaborative learning paradigm was proposed to engage learners with different backgrounds and enable effective retention and transfer of the multidisciplinary artificial intelligence (AI)-cybersecurity knowledge. Specifically, the proposed learning paradigm contains: 1) an immersive learning environment to motivate the students for exploring AI/ machine learning (ML) development in the context of real-world cybersecurity scenarios by constructing learning models with tangible objects and 2) a proactive education paradigm designed with the use of collaborative learning activities based on game-based learning and social constructivism. Background: Increasing evidence shows that AI techniques can be manipulated, evaded, and misled, which can result in new and profound security implications. There is an education and training gap to foster a qualified cyber-workforce that understands the usefulness, limitations, and best practices of AI technologies in the cybersecurity domain. Efforts have been made to incorporate a comprehensive curriculum to meet the demand. There still remain essential challenges for effectively educating students on the interaction of AI and cybersecurity. Intended Outcomes: A novel proactive and collaborative learning paradigm is proposed to educate and train a qualified cyber-workforce in this new era where security breaches, privacy violations, and AI have become commonplace. Application Design: The development of this learning paradigm is grounded in the pedagogical approaches of technology-mediated learning and social constructivism. Findings: Although the research work is still ongoing, the prototype learning paradigm has shown encouraging results in promoting the learners' engagement in applied AI learning.