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This article critically evaluates the idea that the division between objectivity and subjectivity can illuminate the relationship between social scientific and lay perspectives on the social world. It examines a conceptualization which associates objectivity with a grasp of the features of the object of investigation and associates subjectivity with the potential for lay actors to suffer from misapprehensions. The article explores how this division is used in critical social science, such that the critical perspective of the sociologist is seen as objective, whereas the perspectives of lay actors are seen as subjective and always potentially problematic. The article explores Michael Burawoy's analysis of objectivity and subjectivity within the context of a critical social scientific appraisal of the labour process. Contrary to Burawoy's approach, this article postulates that a meaningful dialogue between sociologists and lay actors can only be achieved if the objectivity of social scientific accounts is not assumed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1964, the Section of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery at the University of Michigan opened its doors to future surgeons and leaders in the field. Today, we are celebrating the 60-year history of the program and its significant contributions to the field. Beginning under the leadership of Reed O. Dingman, MD, DDS, the program began with three faculty members and two independent surgical residents. Since that time, it has expanded dramatically to include 24 faculty members and 28 integrated plastic surgery residents. The goals of the program have always been to achieve excellence in all three of our academic missions including clinical care, teaching, and research. Annually, the program sees an average of 35,000 outpatient clinic visits, 4,000 major operations, 200 peer-reviewed publications, $5,000,000 in research spending, and residents who are well trained and highly competitive for fellowships of their choosing every single year. Through scientific collaborations, academic exchanges, and medical missions, the program's influence has spread beyond Michigan, reaching the entire world. In addition to training world-renowned surgeons, Michigan's faculty and graduates have assumed leadership roles in prestigious professional organizations, scientific journals, and research foundations. In this article, we explore the roots of the program and reflect on six decades of impact, innovation, and inspiration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Methods Results Conclusions Radiation‐induced peripheral neuropathy is a rare, but serious complication often resulting in profound morbidity, life‐long disability, and chronic debilitating pain. Unfortunately, this type of peripheral neuropathy is usually progressive, and almost always irreversible. To date, a standardized rat model of radiation‐induced peripheral neuropathy has not been established. The purpose of the present study was to examine neuropathic pain, sensorimotor impairment, and muscle force parameters following the administration of a clinically relevant radiation dose in a rat model.Ten rats were randomly assigned to one of two experimental groups: (1) radiation and (2) sham‐radiated controls. Radiated animals were given a clinically relevant dose of 35 Gray (Gy) divided into five daily doses of 7 Gy/day. This regimen represents a human equivalent dose of 70 Gy, approximating the same dosage utilized for radiotherapy in oncologic patients. Sham‐radiated controls were anesthetized and placed in the radiation apparatus but were not given radiation. All animals were tested for baseline values in both sensorimotor and pain behavioral tests. Sensorimotor testing consisted of the evaluation of walking tracks with the calculation of the Sciatic Functional Index (SFI). Pain‐related behavioral measures consisted of mechanical allodynia (von Frey test), cold allodynia (Acetone test), and thermal allodynia (Hargreaves test). Animals were tested serially over an 8‐week period. At the study endpoint, electrophysiological and muscle force assessments were completed, and histomorphometric analysis was performed on all sciatic nerves.Animals that underwent radiation treatment displayed significantly greater pain hypersensitivity to mechanical stimulation as compared to sham radiated controls from weeks 4 to 8 of testing. SFI values indicated sensorimotor impairments in the overground gait of radiated animals as compared to non‐radiated animals. Furthermore, radiated animals displayed reduced twitch and tetanic muscle force when compared to sham radiated controls.A clinically relevant human equivalent dose of fractionated 35 Gy in rats established significant pain hypersensitivity, impairments in sensorimotor locomotion, and decreased muscle force capacity. This novel rodent model of radiation‐induced peripheral neuropathy can be utilized to assess the potential efficacy of therapeutic treatments to either prevent or remediate this clinically debilitating condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The diversity in genome resources is fundamental to designing genomic strategies for local breed improvement and utilisation. These resources also support gene discovery and enhance our understanding of the mechanisms of resilience with applications beyond local breeds. Here, we report the genome sequences of 555 cattle (208 of which comprise new data) and high-density (HD) array genotyping of 1,082 samples (537 new samples) from indigenous African cattle populations. The new sequences have an average genome coverage of ~30X, three times higher than the average (~10X) of the over 300 sequences already in the public domain. Following variant quality checks, we identified approximately 32.3 million sequence variants and 661,943 HD autosomal variants mapped to the Bos taurus reference genome (ARS-UCD1.2). The new datasets were generated as part of the Centre for Tropical Livestock Genetics and Health (CTLGH) Genomic Reference Resource for African Cattle (GRRFAC) initiative, which aspires to facilitate the generation of this livestock resource and hopes for its utilisation for complete indigenous breed characterisation and sustainable global livestock improvement., (© 2024. The Author(s).)