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The solution-treated second-generation single crystal (SX) superalloys underwent hot isostatic pressing (HIP) at 1316 °C and 105 MPa for varying durations. This study investigates the effect of HIP on micropores and stress-rupture behavior under conditions of 980 °C and 250 MPa. The results illustrate that the application of HIP treatment significantly reduces the porosity and volume of micropores, thereby increasing the rupture life of the alloys. With the disappearance of micropores, the crack initiation site shifts from the micropores to the γ/γʹ interface, resulting in reduced crack dimensions and decelerated propagation. Consequently, the smaller size of cracks in HIPed specimens slow down fracture. Nonetheless, the crack propagation pattern remains consistent: cracks expand perpendicular to the stress axis, connecting with cracks at other heights via secondary cracks along the direction.

IntroductionThe association between a plant-based diet and weight loss and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) has not been fully elucidated. We performed a pooled analysis and Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate this question.MethodsWe searched for randomized controlled trials on the effects of a plant-based diet on weight loss compared with a non-plant-based diet. In addition, a two-sample MR study was conducted. IVs were obtained from the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on the exposures, and we obtained summary statistics on the outcomes. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the main analysis and other MR methods were performed as supplementary analyses.ResultsIndividuals on the plant-based diet lost more weight than the non-plant-based diet group (WMD −0.96 kg; 95% CI: −1.32 to −0.60). Population conditions and energy restriction were identified as the study-level factors that influenced the pooling results in the subgroup analyses. Increased consumption of raw vegetables was significantly associated with lower BMI (IVW, β −0.35, 95% CI: −0.62 to −0.08, p = 0.012) and lower risk of obesity (IVW, OR 0.11, 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.99, p = 0.048), coronary heart disease (IVW, OR 0.44, 95% CI: 0.21 to 0.92, p = 0.029) and myocardial infarction (IVW, OR 0.39,95% CI: 0.15 to 0.98, p = 0.045) and a higher HDL-C (IVW, β 0.47, 95% CI: 0.24 to 0.70, p = 4×10−5).DiscussionThe present findings suggest that raw vegetable intake is beneficial for weight loss and prevention of ASCVD.

With the increasing integration of distributed photovoltaic (PV) generation into distribution networks, challenges such as power reverse flow and high line losses have emerged, leading to greater uncertainty in power systems. To address these issues, this paper presents an analytical model for calculating line losses in low-voltage distribution networks with PV generation, utilizing power flow calculations. A simulation model of a 15 node low-voltage network is developed using SIMULINK to validate the accuracy of the analytical model under the scenario of uniform load distribution (ULD). Additionally, a line loss optimization algorithm based on quantum genetic algorithms (QGA) is proposed for low-voltage distribution networks with distributed PV generation, along with an optimization model. The objective function of the optimization model is based on the reduction in line losses resulting from the integration of the PV system. The example results demonstrate the consistency between the line loss optimization using QGA and the analytical results, highlighting the significant advantages of QGA in terms of speed and accuracy. This research provides valuable insights for line loss optimization in low-voltage distribution networks with distributed PV generation and serves as a theoretical reference for future studies in this field.

Abstract Background Universal stress proteins (USPs) are a class of stress-induced proteins that play a crucial role in biotic and abiotic stress responses. These proteins have previously been reported to participate directly in responses to various stress and protect plants against unfavorable environmental conditions. However, there is limited research on USPs in cotton, and systematic characterization of USPs in Gossypium species is lacking. Results In the present study, the USP genes in Gossypium hirsutum were systematically identified and classified into six distinct subfamilies. The expansion of USPs in Gossypium species is mainly caused by dispersed duplication and whole genome duplication. Notably, the USPs that have expanded through allotetraploidization events are highly conserved in the allotetraploid species. The promoter regions of GhUSPs contain a diverse range of cis-acting elements associated with stress response. The RNA-Seq analysis and RT-qPCR assays revealed a significant induction of numerous GhUSPs expressions in response to various abiotic stresses. The co-expression network of GhUSPs revealed their involvement in stress response. Conclusions This study systematically analyzed the biological characteristics of GhUSPs and their response to abiotic stress. These findings serve as a theoretical basis for facilitating the breeding of cotton varieties in future research.

This article discusses the importance of responsible recommender systems, which are information filtering systems that suggest personalized recommendations to users. While existing recommender systems focus on accuracy and personalization, there is a growing need for these systems to also work responsibly to avoid negative effects on users and society. The article highlights various challenges and threats in technical, social, and ethical contexts that need to be addressed. It also presents recent advances and contributions in the field of responsible recommender systems, covering topics such as bias, debiasing, miscalibration, privacy and security, fairness, and explainability. [Extracted from the article]