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Situating affect in the soundscapes of suona as a Chinese musical instrument in various media, this study investigates how these mediated soundscapes shape social ideologies, hierarchies of cultures, and social resistance in ancient and contemporary China. Several mediated soundscapes are tapped into, including (1) the poem titled "To the Tune of Seeing the Emperor-Ode to the Trumpet"; (2) a TV program demonstrating how suona can be "languaging" in localized contexts; (3) a famous movie titled "Song of the Phoenix" capturing the contestation of affective regimes represented by the Chinese conventional versus the Western modern; (4) works of a well-known rock band, the Second-Hand Rose, showing how two differing affective regimes were conflated. In examining these mediated soundscapes, this study showcases how stratifications of cultures as the high versus the low, the conventional versus the modern, vernacularism versus globalism are constructed, resisted, and transmuted via competition and conflation of affective regimes in Chinese media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Selective hydrogenation of functionalized nitroarenes to anilines employed with heterogeneous catalysts is a significant process and widely applied in chemical industry. However, designing high‐performance catalysts for these processes remains challenging. Recently, notable advancements have been achieved in synthesis methodologies, characterization techniques, and theoretical calculations, offering opportunities to gain insights into mechanisms. This review summarizes the recent progress in understanding the mechanistic aspects of selective hydrogenation catalysis for functionalized nitroarenes. We initiate by delving into the structure‐performance relationship, with the aim of providing a comprehensive understanding of mechanistic and kinetic details in the selective hydrogenation of functionalized nitroarenes. Subsequently, we introduce various strategies for designing high‐performance catalysts, categorizing them into three key aspects: isolating active sites, synergizing active sites and regulating local environments of active sites. Finally, we conclude with a concise overview of the current state of this field and provide a forward‐looking perspective for future studies, emphasizing the high‐performance design and manipulation of catalysts to achieve precise control over selectivity towards target products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 TiO 3 (NBT) ceramic is a potential dielectric material for the manufacture of high-performance dielectric ceramic capacitors due to its high polarization and environmentally friendly characteristics. In this work, (1– x)(0.70Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 TiO 3 –0.30SrTiO 3)– x Bi(Ni 0.5 Hf 0.5)O 3 (NBST– x BNH) ceramics have been prepared based on the strategy of refining grain size and inducing polar nano-regions (PNRs). As a result, the NBST–0.15BNH ceramic achieved large energy density and efficiency (W rec = 4.11 J/cm3, η = 82.1%) at a low electric field of 240 kV/cm. This performance is outstanding compared to existing reports at similar breakdown electric fields. The introduction of Sr2+ enabled the NBST to have a high relaxation property, and the introduction of BNH induced PNRs, which ensured the high energy storage efficiency of the ceramics. BNH doping refined grain size, which contributed to the large breakdown electric field strength of the ceramics. In addition, stability tests showed that the NBST–0.15BNH ceramic had excellent thermal and frequency stability. The ceramic also demonstrated a fast discharge rate (t 0.9 = 148 ns) in the charge-discharge test. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 TiO 3 (NBT) ceramic is a potential dielectric material for the manufacture of high-performance dielectric ceramic capacitors due to its high polarization and environmentally friendly characteristics. In this work, (1– x)(0.70Na 0.5 Bi 0.5 TiO 3 –0.30SrTiO 3)– x Bi(Ni 0.5 Hf 0.5)O 3 (NBST– x BNH) ceramics have been prepared based on the strategy of refining grain size and inducing polar nano-regions (PNRs). As a result, the NBST–0.15BNH ceramic achieved large energy density and efficiency (W rec = 4.11 J/cm3, η = 82.1%) at a low electric field of 240 kV/cm. This performance is outstanding compared to existing reports at similar breakdown electric fields. The introduction of Sr2+ enabled the NBST to have a high relaxation property, and the introduction of BNH induced PNRs, which ensured the high energy storage efficiency of the ceramics. BNH doping refined grain size, which contributed to the large breakdown electric field strength of the ceramics. In addition, stability tests showed that the NBST–0.15BNH ceramic had excellent thermal and frequency stability. The ceramic also demonstrated a fast discharge rate (t 0.9 = 148 ns) in the charge-discharge test. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The precise detection of pathological type I collagen is critical for diagnosing and prognosticating various diseases such as fibrosis and tumors. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is emerging as a promising high-resolution imaging technique, yet the intricate process of covalently modifying antibodies often results in SERS probes with diminished selectivity. We herein for the first time report the development of dual SERS peptide probes, Ag@R1@PCTP (S-P) and Ag@R2@ICTP (S-I), which integrate collagen targeting peptides (CTPs), Raman reporters, and silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) for specific imaging of pathological type I collagen in connective tissues. The S-P/S-I dual SERS peptide probes displayed distinct peaks at 2154 cm−1 and 2227 cm−1 in the Raman silent region with no overlap, showcasing their capability for multiplex imaging free from cross-interference. The SERS peptide probe S-P is specifically tuned to target pathological collagen, excluding intact collagen, while S-I effectively recognizes type I collagen in both its pathological and healthy states. The S-P/S-I probes have exhibited outstanding effectiveness in identifying pathological type I collagen across various connective tissues and have been successfully applied for imaging this collagen in a variety of cancer tissues. The innovative dual SERS peptide probes offer a highly specific and robust tool for imaging pathological type I collagen in tissues, presenting significant potential for the accurate diagnosis and treatment of a range of collagen-related diseases. • A highly specific sensor for SERS imaging of pathological type I collagen was established. • SERS peptide probes S-P and S-I showed selective identification of pathological collagen and type I collagen, respectively. • Dual SERS peptide probes have been effectively deployed for targeting pathological type I collagen in diverse tissues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The subsea jumper, a crucial pipeline connector facilitating liquid transport between underwater structures, experiences dynamic alterations in flow direction, rate, and phase volumes owing to its distinctive design. These complex flow characteristics can trigger flow-induced vibrations, potentially causing fatigue damage to the jumper. This paper explores the multiphase flow patterns (oil, gas, and water) in a rigid M-shaped subsea jumper under varied mixing velocities (2–4 m/s) and different volume fractions of each phase (0.1–0.7). It analyzes the factors influencing structural vibration response. The findings reveal diverse flow patterns within the jumper, each exhibiting distinct characteristics based on flow parameters. Concurrently, spatiotemporal oscillations from fluid dynamics impact each bend. Pressure on jumper walls gradually diminishes with changing flow direction. Furthermore, the study performs structural modal and frequency domain analyses of pulsating pressure to evaluate potential resonance conditions. The results of this paper contribute to a deeper understanding of the multiphase flow characteristics in jumpers, offering valuable insights to enhance the reliability of underwater oil and gas production. • The three-phase flow pattern evolution of oil, gas, and water in the M-shaped jumper was studied through simulation. • The flow characteristics of slug flow induced by multiphase flow in the jumper were investigated. • Explored the pressure drop characteristics of oil, gas, and water flow in the jumper at different flow rates. • Through one-way fluid-structure interaction, the jumper's vibration under multiphase flow was obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The collection of a substantial video dataset of the fibre rope in oceanographic winch winding process is built. The semantic segmentation algorithm was applied to fault detection in the fibre rope arrangement, and the performance of different models under various construction methods was validated for fault detection. • A model selection method was proposed. This method constructs evaluation indicators and assessment system to adapt models for varying engineering requirements. • Analysis scenarios were established for real-time monitoring during the maritime voyage of ships, for off-ship video analysis specifically targeting fault analysis, and for small detection devices used in embedded systems. • The training of the model underwent evaluation from various perspectives, affirming both the reliability and the practicality of the assessment approach. The quality of synthetic fibre rope arrangement is crucial for the orderly and efficient launch and recovery of marine exploration equipment in oceanographic winch systems. However, due to the unique properties of synthetic fibre ropes, faults are prone to occur during the rope winding process. This paper proposes a framework for fault detection method selection of oceanographic multi-layer winch fibre rope arrangement. An autonomous image dataset is used to train and evaluate the effectiveness and performance of various semantic segmentation models. Based on the performance metrics, a training model selection framework is proposed. The results of the fault detection method demonstrate that deep learning semantic segmentation algorithms perform well in the detection of rope winding arrangement faults. This evaluation framework provides guidance for the best model selection under various detection scenarios. It has made contribution to the fault detection and safe operation of oceanographic multi-layer winch fibre rope arrangement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• 0.80NN-0.20BNH ceramic achieved large W rec of 6.45 J/cm3 and an η of 82.72 %. • 0.8NN-0.2BNH ceramics displayed high power density (P D = 215 MW/cm3). • 0.8NN-0.2BNH ceramics displayed large current density (C D = 1346 A/cm2). • 0.8NN-0.2BNH ceramics show excellent stability of frequency and temperature. (1- x)NaNbO 3 - x Bi(Ni 0.5 Hf 0.5)O 3 [(1- x)NN- x BNH, x = 0.10, 0.15, 0.20 and 0.25] lead-free ferroelectric ceramics were fabricated via a standard solid-phase reaction method, in order to obtain superior energy storage properties. BNH is introduced into the NN lattice to limit grain growth and improve the breakdown field strength as a second component. As the results indicate, a high W rec of 6.45 J/cm3 and a breakdown field strength (E b) of 380 kV/cm were achieved for the 0.80NN-0.20BNH ceramic, which was dependent on the nonequivalent replacement at the B site. In addition, the ceramics maintain significant stability over a frequency range of 10 Hz to 1000 Hz and temperature intervals from 30 up to 120 °C. Exceptional charge/discharge properties of high power density (P D = 215 MW/cm3) and current density (C D = 1346 A/cm2) along with an ultra-fast discharge rate (54 ns) were acquired. These results demonstrate that the 0.80NN-0.20BNH ceramic is an energy storage material with high potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dielectric capacitors prepared by antiferroelectric (AFE) materials have the advantages of large power density and fast discharge ability. It has been a focus on the improvement of the recoverable energy density (Wrec) and discharge energy–density (Wdis) in the AFE ceramics. To address the above issue, optimizing the proportion of components is proposed for enhancing ceramic antiferroelectricity, ultimately improving the breakdown strength (Eb) and Wrec. In this work, an ultrahigh Wrec (14.3 J/cm3) with an excellent energy efficiency (η) of 81.1% is obtained in (Pb0.96Sr0.02La0.02)(Hf0.9Sn0.1)O3 AFE ceramic at electric field of 490 kV/cm, which is the maximum value reported in lead-based AFE ceramics fabricated by the conventional solid-state reaction method so far. The multistage phase transition induced by the electric field is observed in the polarization–electric field (P–E) hysteresis loops. Furthermore, an outstanding power density (PD) of 335 MW/cm3 and an excellent Wdis of 8.97 J/cm3 with a rapid discharge speed (102 ns) are obtained at electric field of 390 kV/cm. In addition, (Pb0.96Sr0.02La0.02)(Hf0.9Sn0.1)O3 ceramics also possess an excellent thermal and frequency stability. These exceptional properties indicate that (Pb0.98−xSrxLa0.02)(Hf0.9Sn0.1)O3 ceramics are a potential candidate for pulsed power devices and power electronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Full-thickness wounds are severe cutaneous damages with destroyed self-healing function, which need efficient clinical interventions. Inspired by the hierarchical structure of natural skin, we have for the first time developed a biomimetic tri-layered artificial skin (TLAS) comprising silica gel-collagen membrane-collagen porous scaffold for enhanced full-thickness wound healing. The TLAS with the thickness of 3–7 mm displays a hierarchical nanostructure consisting of the top homogeneous silica gel film, the middle compact collagen membrane, and the bottom porous collagen scaffold, exquisitely mimicking the epidermis, basement membrane and dermis of natural skin, respectively. The 1-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide/N-Hydroxysuccinimide-dehydrothermal (EDC/NHS-DHT) dual-crosslinked collagen composite bilayer, with a crosslinking degree of 79.5 %, displays remarkable biocompatibility, bioactivity, and biosafety with no risk of hemolysis and pyrogen reactions. Notably, the extra collagen membrane layer provides a robust barrier to block the penetration of silica gel into the collagen porous scaffold, leading to the TLAS with enhanced biocompatibility and bioactivity. The full-thickness wound rat model studies have indicated the TLAS significantly facilitates the regeneration of full-thickness defects by accelerating re-epithelization, collagen deposition and migration of skin appendages. The highly biocompatible and bioactive tri-layered artificial skin provides an improved treatment for full-thickness wounds, which has great potential in tissue engineering. • Design of tri-layered artificial skin (TLAS) for full-thickness wound healing • TLAS delicately mimics the epidermis, basement membrane and dermis of natural skin. • Dual cross-link of collagen provides TLAS with enhanced biocompatibility and bioactivity. • TLAS significantly facilitates the healing of full-thickness defects. • TLAS provides an improved treatment for full-thickness wounds, suggesting great potential in tissue engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a prevalent complication of type 2 diabetes (T2D). 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) is a glycolysis regulator. However, the potential effects of PFKFB3 in the DCM remain unclear. In comparison to db/m mice, PFKFB3 levels decreased in the hearts of db/db mice. Cardiac-specific PFKFB3 overexpression inhibited myocardial oxidative stress and cardiomyocyte apoptosis, suppressed mitochondrial fragmentation, and partly restored mitochondrial function in db/db mice. Moreover, PFKFB3 overexpression stimulated glycolysis. Interestingly, based on the inhibition of glycolysis, PFKFB3 overexpression still suppressed oxidative stress and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes in vitro, which indicated that PFKFB3 overexpression could alleviate DCM independent of glycolysis. Using mass spectrometry combined with co-immunoprecipitation, we identified optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) interacting with PFKFB3. In db/db mice, the knockdown of OPA1 receded the effects of PFKFB3 overexpression in alleviating cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. Mechanistically, PFKFB3 stabilized OPA1 expression by promoting E3 ligase NEDD4L-mediated atypical K6-linked polyubiquitination and thus prevented the degradation of OPA1 by the proteasomal pathway. Our study indicates that PFKFB3/OPA1 could be potential therapeutic targets for DCM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury (MIRI) is widespread in the treatment of ischemic heart disease, and its treatment options are currently limited. Adiponectin (APN) is an adipocytokine with cardioprotective properties; however, the mechanisms of APN in MIRI are unclear. Therefore, based on preclinical (animal model) evidence, the cardioprotective effects of APN and the underlying mechanisms were explored. Methods: The literature was searched for the protective effect of APN on MIRI in six databases until 16 November 2023, and data were extracted according to selection criteria. The outcomes were the size of the myocardial necrosis area and hemodynamics. Markers of oxidation, apoptosis, and inflammation were secondary outcome indicators. The quality evaluation was performed using the animal study evaluation scale recommended by the Systematic Review Center for Laboratory animal Experimentation statement. Stata/MP 14.0 software was used for the summary analysis. Results: In total, 20 papers with 426 animals were included in this study. The pooled analysis revealed that APN significantly reduced myocardial infarct size [weighted mean difference (WMD) = 16.67 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 13.18 to 20.16, P < 0.001)] and improved hemodynamics compared to the MIRI group [Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure: WMD = 5.96 (95% CI = 4.23 to 7.70, P < 0.001); + dP/dtmax: WMD = 1393.59 (95% CI = 972.57 to 1814.60, P < 0.001); -dP/dtmax: WMD = 850.06 (95% CI = 541.22 to 1158.90, P < 0.001); Left ventricular ejection fraction: WMD = 9.96 (95% CI = 7.29 to 12.63, P < 0.001)]. Apoptosis indicators [caspase-3: standardized mean difference (SMD) = 3.86 (95% CI = 2.97 to 4.76, P < 0.001); TUNEL-positive cells: WMD = 13.10 (95% CI = 8.15 to 18.05, P < 0.001)], inflammatory factor levels [TNF-α: SMD = 4.23 (95% CI = 2.48 to 5.98, P < 0.001)], oxidative stress indicators [Superoxide production: SMD = 4.53 (95% CI = 2.39 to 6.67, P < 0.001)], and lactate dehydrogenase levels [SMD = 2.82 (95% CI = 1.60 to 4.04, P < 0.001)] were significantly reduced. However, the superoxide dismutase content was significantly increased [SMD = 1.91 (95% CI = 1.17 to 2.65, P < 0.001)]. Conclusion: APN protects against MIRI via anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antioxidant effects, and this effect is achieved by activating different signaling pathways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The distal transradial access (dTRA) has become an attractive and alternative access to the conventional transradial access (TRA) for cardiovascular interventional diagnosis and/or treatment. There was a lack of randomized clinical trials to evaluate the effect of the dTRA on the long-term radial artery occlusion (RAO). Methods: This was a prospective, randomized controlled study. The primary endpoint was the incidence of long-term RAO at 3 months after discharge. The secondary endpoints included the successful puncture rate, puncture time, and other access-related complications. Results: The incidence of long-term RAO was 0.8% (3/361) for dTRA and 3.3% (12/365) for TRA (risk ratio = 0.25, 95% confidence interval = 0.07–0.88, P = 0.02). The incidence of RAO at 24 h was significantly lower in the dTRA group than in the TRA group (2.5% vs. 6.7%, P < 0.01). The puncture success rate (96.0% vs. 98.5%, P = 0.03) and single puncture attempt (70.9% vs. 83.9%, P < 0.01) were significantly lower in the dTRA group than in the TRA group. However, the number of puncture attempts and puncture time were higher in the dTRA group. The dTRA group had a lower incidence of bleeding than the TRA group (1.5% vs. 6.0%, P < 0.01). There was no difference in the success rate of the procedure, total fluoroscopy time, or incidence of other access-related complications between the two groups. In the per-protocol analysis, the incidence of mEASY type ≥ II haematoma was significantly lower in the dTRA group, which was consistent with that in the as-treated analysis. Conclusions: The dTRA significantly reduced the incidence of long-term RAO, bleeding or haematoma. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifer: NCT05253820. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Macrophages develop evolutionary versatility in expressed genes. • B cell immunity is relatively conserved among vertebrate species. • Compensatory TCR cascade components are utilized by different species. • Mouse species shows the highest similarity in immune transcriptomes to human among multiple vertebrates. Both innate and adaptive immune system undergo evolution from low to high vertebrates. Due to the limitation of conventional approaches in identifying broader spectrum of immune cells and molecules from various vertebrates, it remains unclear how immune molecules evolve among vertebrates. Here, we utilized carry out comparative transcriptome analysis in various immune cells across seven vertebrate species. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). We uncovered both conserved and species-specific profiling of gene expression in innate and adaptive immunity. Macrophages exhibited highly-diversified genes and developed sophisticated molecular signaling networks along with evolution, indicating effective and versatile functions in higher species. In contrast, B cells conservatively evolved with less differentially-expressed genes in analyzed species. Interestingly, T cells represented a dominant immune cell populations in all species and unique T cell populations were identified in zebrafish and pig. We also revealed compensatory TCR cascade components utilized by different species. Inter-species comparison of core gene programs demonstrated mouse species has the highest similarity in immune transcriptomes to human. Therefore, our comparative study reveals gene transcription characteristics across multiple vertebrate species during the evolution of immune system, providing insights for species-specific immunity as well as the translation of animal studies to human physiology and disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The underwater configuration analysis of a towing rope is crucial for estimating the rope tension and the state of the towed body. In the case where the rope inclination angle significantly increases, the partial hydrodynamic force coefficients of a rope segment should display apparent variations with the local inclination angle. However, constant drag coefficients ignoring the angle-dependent drag effect are widely used in numerical studies. To address the importance of the angle-dependent force coefficients for analyzing the underwater configuration of a towing rope, Large Eddy Simulations are carried out to obtain the drag forces of a cylindrical rope segment with varying inclination angles and Reynolds numbers. To model the rope deformation, a tensile experiment is also conducted to establish the nonlinear tension-strain relationship of the fibre rope. Parametric studies are performed to investigate the difference in the results calculated by both constant and angle-dependent hydrodynamic force coefficients. It was found that the application of constant drag coefficients leads to significant underestimation of the rope tension near the towed body, especially when the rope experiences large inclination angles. Therefore, the present study highlights the importance of using the angle-dependent hydrodynamic coefficients to predict the configuration and tension of towing ropes. • The underwater configuration of a towing rope is analyzed based on the drag coefficient validated by the inclination angle. • Large Eddy Simulations are carried out to obtain the drag coefficients at various inclination angles and Reynolds numbers. • Experiment is performed to establish the tension-elongation relationship of the synthetic fibre rope. • The rope tension predicted by the angle-dependent coefficients may be much larger than the one by constant coefficients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influences of jumper leakage on the M-type jumper's internal two-phase flow are investigated. The CFD simulation results are validated against the experimental data, demonstrating a high level of agreement. The effects of leak dimensions, different leak locations, gas-liquid ratio, and mixing speed are discussed in terms of the gas-liquid phase distribution, pressure gradient, and jumper vibrations. It is found that the flow patterns can be useful indicators for jumper leak detection, especially when the leak dimension is larger, the slug flow may be formed, producing more serious damage to the jumper. The flow pattern varies significantly with different leak locations. In addition, the flow pattern is affected by the volume percentage of water and faster mixing speeds. The pressure variations can be useful indicators. It is larger as the leak dimension increases and varies significantly in front of the leak location of the jumper. The vibrations can be useful indicators. The larger the leak dimension is, the more pronounced the vibration response is. If vibration sensors are used for leak detection, the downstream vibration signals of the jumper can be a key indicator. Faster mixing rates and water content will cause the jumper to vibrate more intensely. • The evolution of flow patterns near the jumper leakage port was investigated. • The pressure gradient changes of the jumper under different leakage conditions were studied. • The vibration response law of the jumper under different leakage conditions was presented. • The impact of different mixing speed or gas-liquid ratios on the jumper was discussed when a leak occurs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • One-step synthesis of collagen hydrogels with in-situ silver nanoparticles. • Synergistic interaction between Ag+ and collagen leads to multifunctional hydrogels. • Hydrogels exhibited outstanding in vitro and in vivo antibacterial properties. • Hydrogels displayed high biocompatibility and enhanced bioactivity. • Hydrogels showed excellent healing efficacy in diabetic full-thickness wounds. Developing antibacterial collagen-based wound dressings that target multidrug-resistant bacteria holds promise for healing diabetic wounds prone to infection, yet traditional approaches pose persistent challenges of cytotoxicity and uneconomical steps. To address these issues, we develop a biocompatible, eco-friendly, one-step cross-linking and reduction strategy, fabricating injectable antibacterial collagen hydrogels containing in situ-generated silver nanoparticles for diabetic wound care. By exposing the collagen-silver ion (Ag+) mixture to visible light, collagen-silver nanoparticle (Col I/AgNPs) hydrogels were one step created, eliminating the need for additional cross-linkers and toxic reducing agents. The synergistic interaction between collagen and silver ions was the first time investigated, revealing a pivotal redox reaction with a dual role that simultaneously initiated collagen cross-linking and reduced Ag+ to AgNPs. The resulting biocompatible Col I/AgNPs hydrogel was found to have multifunctional properties, exhibiting excellent injectability, enhanced biological activity, and outstanding broad-spectrum antimicrobial ability. Furthermore, animal experiments utilizing a diabetic full-thickness wound model demonstrated their excellent in vivo healing efficacies, capable of establishing efficient antibacterial barriers and serving as bioactive regenerative scaffolds. Our study proposes an innovative one-step approach to create injectable antibacterial collagen-silver nanoparticle hydrogels, highlighting their potential as advanced dressings for diabetic wound treatment and other biomedical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Salmonella enterica is a zoonotic bacterium that not only causes serious economic losses to the livestock and poultry industries but also seriously endangers human health. Long-term indiscriminate use of antibiotics has led to drug resistance in Salmonella , and thus the identification of alternatives to antibiotics is crucial. In this study, the effects of puerarin on the S. enterica -infected chickens were investigated. A total of 360 chicks were randomly assigned as the control group (CON), the S. enterica group (S), and puerarin-treatment group (P). Chicks in the P group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 50 (P50), 100 (P100), 200 (P200), and 400 (P400) mg/kg puerarin, respectively. It was found that puerarin treatment markedly altered the serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), together with the malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) contents in the serum. The mRNA expression of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, Bcl-2, and caspase-8 in the livers of S. enterica -infected chicks was increased after infection but significantly reduced after treatment with puerarin. Histologic analysis showed that puerarin effectively mitigated morphological damage in the liver caused by S. enterica. Proteomic analysis revealed that S. enterica infection led to metabolic disorders in the liver, resulting in oxidative stress, increased inflammation, and significantly elevated levels of hepatocellular carcinoma biomarkers. The findings of the filtered sequencing were verified by using quantitative PCR (qPCR). Treatment with 100 mg/mL puerarin thus effectively alleviated disordered liver metabolism, reduced inflammation and oxidative damage and significantly reduced the levels of hepatocellular carcinoma biomarkers in the liver. The results suggest that puerarin has the potential to replace antibiotics to control Salmonella infection in poultry and thus improve food safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flow pattern identification is of great significance for the flow assurance of multiphase flow in offshore pipelines. For this purpose, a deep learning algorithm integrating convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and long short-term memory (LSTM) networks is developed in this study to identify different flow patterns of two-phase flow in a Z-shaped pipeline. To verify the applicability and performance of the proposed algorithm, a series of experiments are conducted in the multiphase flow loop. Then, the flow pattern pictures, mass flow rates, and vibration signals are collected by the NI data acquisition system and subjected to denoising using the density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) algorithm combined with LSTM. Meanwhile, the Kendall rank correlation is employed for feature processing. Finally, the proposed deep learning algorithm achieves accuracies of 0.98077 with engineering parameters and 0.955 with time-domain parameters. In addition, a comparison analysis is conducted with four other common deep learning algorithms in terms of computation time, learning rate, accuracy, and different sample quantities. The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can not only improve the identification accuracy but can also achieve faster convergence speed and higher computational efficiency. • A DBSCAN-Kendall–CNN–SLTM model is proposed to characterize and identify different flow patterns in the offshore pipelines. • Experiments are conducted with the multiphase flow loop to verify the performance of the proposed deep learning model. • The performance of the proposed model is verified by comparing four other deep learning algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To evaluate and compare the diagnostic value of diffusion-related texture analysis parameters obtained from various magnetic resonance diffusion models as early predictors of the clinical response to chemotherapy in patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). Patients (n = 145) with CRLM were prospectively and consecutively enrolled and scanned using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM)/diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) before (baseline) and two–three weeks after (follow-up) commencing chemotherapy. Therapy response was evaluated based on the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST, version 1.1). The histogram and texture parameters of each diffusion-related parametric map were analysed between the responding and non-responding groups, screened using LASSO, and fitted with binary logistic regression models. The diagnostic efficacy of each model in the early prediction of CRLM was analysed, and the corresponding receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn. The area under the curve (AUC) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Of the 145 analysed patients, 69 were in the responding group and 76 were in the non-responding group. Among all models, the difference value based on the histogram and texture features of the DKI-derived parameters performed best for the early prediction of CRLM treatment efficacy. The AUC of the DKI model in the validation set reached 0.795 (95% CI 0.652–0.938). Among the IVIM-derived parameters, the difference model based on D and D* performed best, and the AUC in the validation set reached 0.737 (95% CI 0.586–0.889). Finally, in the DWI sequence, the model comprising baseline features performed the best, with an AUC of 0.699 (95% CI 0.537–0.86) in the validation set. Baseline DWI parameters and follow-up changes in IVIM and DKI parameters predicted the chemotherapeutic response in patients with CRLM. In addition, as very early predictors, DKI-derived parameters were more effective than DWI- and IVIM-related parameters, in which changes in D-parameters performed best. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]