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In order to investigate the influence of negative pressure on the interface of T2/Q235 explosive-welded composite plate, low-explosion-velocity diatomite-sensitized powder emulsion explosive with low explosion velocity was used as the welding special explosive, and T2 and Q235 were used as cladding and base plate, respectively. The explosive welding tests were carried out under atmospheric pressured00kPa), 60kPa, and 20kPa ambient pressures, respectively. The morphology and elemental composition of the composite interface were studied by means of metallographic analysis. The mechanism of negative pressure explosive welding was further revealed by numerical simulation. The results show that the charge density of powder emulsion explosive is increased under negative pressure conditions. The detonation velocity of powder emulsion explosive is not changed, and the brisance of powder emulsion explosive under 20kPa is 8.4% higher than that under ambient pressure condition. With decrease of ambient pressure, the interface wave height and wavelength of the composite plate gradually increases. At 20kPa, the wave height and wavelength increase by 49% and 23%, respectively. The oxygen element of T2/Q235 bonding surface under negative pressure is lower than that under ambient pressure. The numerical simulation results show that the T2/Q235 interface wave increases with the increase of explosive density, which is consistent with the experimental results. In the explosion welding process, the impact velocity and pressure of explosives increase by 16.3% and 66. 3% respectively, when the charge density of explosive was 0. 8g/cm³ under negative pressure (20kPa) as compared to 0.711 g/cm³ under normal pressure. The results show that the negative pressure improves the efficiency of explosive energy in explosive welding compared with normal pressure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The utilization of lignocellulosic substrates for microbial oil production by oleaginous yeasts has been evidenced as an economically viable process for industrial-scale biodiesel preparation. Efficient sugar utilization and tolerance to inhibitors are critical for lipid production from lignocellulosic substrates. This study investigated the lignocellulosic sugar utilization and inhibitor tolerance characteristics of Rhodotorula toruloides C23. The results demonstrated that C23 exhibited robust glucose and xylose assimilation irrespective of their ratios, yielding over 21 g/L of lipids and 11 mg/L of carotenoids. Furthermore, C23 exhibited high resistance and efficiently degradation towards toxic inhibitors commonly found in lignocellulosic hydrolysates. The potential molecular mechanism underlying xylose metabolism in C23 was explored, with several key enzymes and signal regulation pathways identified as potentially contributing to its superior lipid synthesis performance. The study highlights R. toruloides C23 as a promising candidate for robust biofuel and carotenoid production through direct utilization of non-detoxified lignocellulosic hydrolysates., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Objectives: To develop a predictive model for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants at seven days postpartum. The model employs ultrasound measurements of the ductus arteriosus (DA) intimal thickness (IT) obtained within 24 h after birth., Methods: One hundred and five preterm infants with gestational ages ranging from 27.0 to 36.7 weeks admitted within 24 h following birth were prospectively enrolled. Echocardiographic assessments were performed to measure DA IT within 24 h after birth, and DA status was evaluated through echocardiography on the seventh day postpartum. Potential predictors were considered, including traditional clinical risk factors, M-mode ultrasound parameters, lumen diameter of the DA (LD), and DA flow metrics. A final prediction model was formulated through bidirectional stepwise regression analysis and subsequently subjected to internal validation. The model's discriminative ability, calibration, and clinical applicability were also assessed., Results: The final predictive model included birth weight, application of mechanical ventilation, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDd), LD, and the logarithm of IT (logIT). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the model, predicated on logIT, exhibited excellent discriminative power with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.985 (95% CI: 0.966-1.000), sensitivity of 1.000, and specificity of 0.909. Moreover, the model demonstrated robust calibration and goodness-of-fit ( χ 2 value = 0.560, p  > 0.05), as well as strong reproducibility (accuracy: 0.935, Kappa: 0.773), as evidenced by 10-fold cross-validation. A decision curve analysis confirmed the model's broad clinical utility., Conclusions: Our study successfully establishes a predictive model for PDA in preterm infants at seven days postpartum, leveraging the measurement of DA IT. This model enables identifying, within the first 24 h of life, infants who are likely to benefit from timely DA closure, thereby informing treatment decisions., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (© 2024 Hu, Zhu, Wang, Hou, Ni, Zhang, Li, Peng, Li, Sun and Xu.)

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a persistent and irreversible side effect of antineoplastic agents. Patients with CIPN usually show chronic pain and sensory deficits with glove-and-stocking distribution. However, whether spinal neuronal microRNA (miR)-124 is involved in cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy remains to be studied. In this study, miR-124 was significantly reduced in the spinal dorsal horn in CIPN mice. Overexpression of neuronal miR-124 induced by injecting adeno-associated virus with neuron-specific promoter into the spinal cord of mice prevented the development of mechanical allodynia, sensory deficits, and the loss of intraepidermal nerve fibers induced by cisplatin. Meanwhile, cisplatin-induced M1 microglia activation and the release of proinflammatory cytokines were significantly inhibited by overexpression of neuronal miR-124. Furthermore, electroacupuncture (EA) treatment upregulated miR-124 expression in the spinal dorsal horn of CIPN mice. Interestingly, downregulation of spinal neuronal miR-124 significantly inhibited the regulatory effect of EA on CIPN and microglia activity as well as spinal neuroinflammation induced by cisplatin. These results demonstrate that spinal neuronal miR-124 is involved in the prevention and treatment of EA on cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy in mice. Our findings suggest that spinal neuronal miR-124 might be a potential target for EA effect, and we provide, to our knowledge, a new experimental basis for EA prevention of CIPN., (Copyright © 2024 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc.)