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Objective To study the characteristics and advantages of the tight trusteeship mode, and to provide expe-rience and suggestions for promoting the sinking of high-quality medical resources. Methods By literature analysis, the process and characteristics of hospital trusteeship reforms in China were summarized. Based on the “structure-process-results” theory, the tight, semi-tight, and loose trusteeship modes were compared using comparative research methods to summarize the main characteristics and advantages of the tight trusteeship mode. Through analyzing a case of tight trusteeship of a large provincial tertiary public hospital in Shandong Province, the specific practical measures, effectiveness, and existing problems of the tight trusteeship mode were discussed. Results The tight trusteeship mode is usually a comprehensive government trusteeship, where the trustee hospital provides a unified leadership to manage the entrusted hospital as a campus, integrating and homogenizing personnel ma-nagement, financial management, business management, informationization, and other aspects, achieving more stable collaboration and better performance. Conclusion The tight trusteeship mode is more conducive to channeling large public hospitals’ high-quality medical resources including brand, workforce, technology, and information towards primary medical institutions, which is an effective way to promote the expansion and sinking and regional balance of high-quality medical resources in the new era.

Objective Methods Results Interpretation The single‐center retrospective cohort study investigated underlying pathogenic mechanisms and clinical significance of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and hippocampal sclerosis (TLE‐HS), in the presence/absence of gray–white matter abnormalities (usually called “blurring”; GMB) in ipsilateral temporopolar region (TPR) on MRI.The study involved 105 patients with unilateral TLE‐HS (60 GMB+ and 45 GMB−) who underwent standard anterior temporal lobectomy, along with 61 healthy controls. Resected specimens were examined under light microscope. With combined T1‐weighted and DTI data, we quantitatively compared large‐scale morphometric features and exacted diffusion parameters of ipsilateral TPR‐related superficial and deep white matter (WM) by atlas‐based segmentation. Along‐tract analysis was added to detect heterogeneous microstructural alterations at various points along deep WM tracts, which were categorized into inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF), uncinate fasciculus (UF), and temporal cingulum.Comparable seizure semiology and postoperative seizure outcome were found, while the GMB+ group had significantly higher rate of HS Type 1 and history of febrile seizures, contrasting with significantly lower proportion of interictal contralateral epileptiform discharges, HS Type 2, and increased wasteosomes in hippocampal specimens. Similar morphometric features but greater WM atrophy with more diffusion abnormalities of superficial WM was observed adjacent to ipsilateral TPR in the GMB+ group. Moreover, microstructural alterations resulting from temporopolar GMB were more localized in temporal cingulum while evenly and widely distributed along ILF and UF.Temporopolar GMB could signify more severe and widespread microstructural damage of white matter rather than a focal cortical lesion in TLE‐HS, affecting selection of surgical procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here a base‐mediated formal [2+4] annulation of 3‐hydroxyoxindoles with 1,2‐bis(bromomethyl)benzene have been accomplished, affording spirooxindole‐fused oxacycles in good yields. This protocol features great functional group tolerance in mild reaction conditions. Gram‐scale synthesis and further transformation have also been demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional pickle has a long history and is favored by consumers due to the beauty of flavor and crisp texture. Nevertheless, there are still some problems such as relatively high nitrite content, low antioxidant activity, and high salt content. In this study, a new bergamot cold-chain fermented mustard roots was developed by adding traditional Chinese medicine bergamot to the fermentation process of pickle and followed by a cold-chain fermentation. The results showed that the brightness value of pickles decreased gradually, the redness value remained basically stable, the yellowness value increased significantly, the pH value decreased, the total acid content increased, and the soluble protein content gradually decreased during the fermentation. It is noteworthy that the increase of the addition amount of bergamot dry powder gave rise to the lower the nitrite content and peak value of pickle and the higher the antioxidant activity. In addition, alcohol, aldehydes, esters, ketones, hydrocarbons, nitriles, sulfides, and other aroma components were detected in in each group of samples. The aroma components became more complex with the increase of the Chinese medicine bergamot, and the species diversity increased at first and then decreased. And the highest relative abundance of bacteria and fungi correspond to Cyanobacteria and Ascomycota, respectively. Besides, in terms of sensory evaluation, the addition of bergamot mainly improved the color, aroma and taste of pickles, but had little effect on the posture. Among them, the new functional cold-chain fermented pickle with 2% bergamot had the highest overall score. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heterogeneous thermal-catalytic CO2 hydrogenation to alcohols using renewable energy is a highly attractive approach for recycling greenhouse gases into high-value chemicals and fuels, thereby reducing the dependence on fossil fuels, while simultaneously mitigating the CO2 emission and environmental problems. Currently, great advances have been made on the heterogeneous catalysts, but an in-depth and more comprehensive understanding to further promote this reaction process is still lacking. Herein, we highlight the thermodynamic and kinetic analysis of CO2 hydrogenation reaction firstly. Then, various reaction pathways for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol and higher alcohols (C2+ alcohols) have been discussed in detail, respectively, by combining the experimental studies and density functional theory calculations. On this basis, the key factors influencing the reaction performance, such as metal dispersion, support modification, promoter addition and their structural optimization, are summarized on the metal-based and metal-oxide-based catalysts. In addition, the catalytic performance of CO2 hydrogenation to alcohols and the relationship between structure and properties are mainly summarized and analyzed in the past five years. To conclude, the current challenges and potential strategies in catalyst design, structural characterization and reaction mechanisms are presented for CO2 hydrogenation to alcohols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Improving the selectivity in the oxidative coupling of methane to ethane/ethylene poses a significant challenge for commercialization. The required improvements are hampered by the uncertainties associated with the reaction mechanism due to its complexity. Herein, we report about 90 % selectivity to the target products at 11 % methane conversion over Gd2O3‐based catalysts at 700 °C using N2O as the oxidant. Sophisticated kinetic studies have suggested the nature of adsorbed oxygen species and their binding strength as key parameters for undesired methane oxidation to carbon oxides. These descriptors can be controlled by a metal oxide promoter for Gd2O3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study of oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) over MnOx−Na2WO4/support catalysts demonstrated that the selectivity to C2H6 and C2H4 (C2‐hydrocarbons) is affected by the kind of support, co‐fed water, and the kind of oxidant (O2 vs. N2O). In addition to previous studies with MnOx−Na2WO4/SiO2, an enhancing water effect was obtained using catalysts based on TiO2‐ or ZrO2‐containing supports. However, a negative effect on methane conversion was established for SiO2−Al2O3‐supported catalysts. Temporal analysis of products with isotopic tracers suggests that the ability of MnOx−Na2WO4 to generate diatomic adsorbed oxygen species depends on the kind of support and is the key property for the water effect. The strength of the water effect on the activity decreases with an increase in the surface area of working catalysts. The kind of support also affects products selectivity due to its influence on the mobility/releasability of lattice oxygen in supported MnOx−Na2WO4. Among the prepared catalysts, MnOx−Na2WO4/TiO2 was found to be promising for H2O‐assisted OCM. The use of N2O instead of O2 further increases the selectivity to C2‐hydrocarbons to 84 % at 6.8 % CH4 conversion due to the formation of predominantly monoatomic oxygen species from N2O that selectively convert CH4 into C2H6. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]