Search

Alzheimer's disease (AD), the leading cause of dementia, poses a growing global health challenge due to an aging population. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential for optimizing treatment and management, yet traditional diagnostic methods often fall short in addressing the complexity of AD pathology. Recent advancements in radiomics and artificial intelligence (AI) offer novel solutions by integrating quantitative imaging features and machine learning algorithms to enhance diagnostic and prognostic precision. This review explores the application of radiomics and AI in AD, focusing on key imaging modalities such as PET and MRI, as well as multimodal approaches combining structural and functional data. We discuss the potential of these technologies to identify disease-specific biomarkers, predict disease progression, and guide personalized interventions. Additionally, the review addresses critical challenges, including data standardization, model interpretability, and the integration of AI into clinical workflows. By highlighting current achievements and identifying future directions, this article underscores the transformative potential of AI-driven radiomics in reshaping AD diagnostics and care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Core-shell particles have been widely used in improving the toughness of resin, but a convenient and efficient large-scale preparation method for core-shell particles is lacking currently. In this work, an efficient and simple method has been developed to fabricate core-shell particles by combining photopolymerization and phase separation inside the emulsion droplet. In this strategy, two photocurable prepolymers with different hydrophilicity were dissolved in a cosolvent and dispersed in an aqueous solution to form an emulsion. Upon the removal of the cosolvent, phase separation occurred inside the emulsion droplet. The hydrophilic prepolymer migrated toward the oil-water interface and converted to a shell under UV irradiation, while the hydrophobic prepolymer migrated to the interior of the emulsion droplet and converted to a core. In addition, the core-shell ratio and size of the particle could be easily adjusted, which provided an idea for the efficient and large-scale preparation of the core-shell particle. The influence of the structure and contents of the core-shell particles on the toughening effect was investigated. Under the optimal parameters (the core-shell ratio of 1:1, the size of 1 μm, and the concentration of 7.5 wt %), the toughness, impact strength, flexural strength, and fracture toughness ( K IC ) of the composites were enhanced by 52, 8.4, 30.8, and 288.4% compared to the pure resin system, respectively. Furthermore, the T g value and the viscosity of the resin system were not greatly influenced after the addition of core-shell particles, i.e., an outstanding toughening effect was achieved without sacrificing its thermal property and processability.

The novel pathogen, Elizabethkingia anophelis, has gained attention due to its high mortality rates and drug resistance facilitated by its inherent metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) genes. This study successfully identified and outlined the functions of the B3-Q MBLs variant, GOB-38, in a clinical sample of E. anophelis. The T7 expression system was employed to stimulate the expression of recombinant protein in Escherichia coli, followed by an analysis of the biochemical properties of purified GOB-38. Our findings indicate that the enzyme GOB-38 displays a wide range of substrates, including broad-spectrum penicillins, 1-4 generation cephalosporins, and carbapenems, potentially contributing to in vitro drug resistance in E. coli through a cloning mechanism. It is important to highlight that GOB-38 exhibits a distinct active site composition compared to GOB-1/18, featuring hydrophilic amino acids Thr51 and Glu141 at both ends of its active center instead of hydrophobic alanine, potentially indicating a preference for imipenem. Furthermore, the co-isolation of Acinetobacter baumannii and E. anophelis, two opportunistic pathogens, from a single lung infection is noteworthy. Our in vitro co-culture experiments suggest that E. anophelis, carrying two MBL genes, may have the ability to transfer carbapenem resistance to other bacterial species through co-infection., Competing Interests: Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethical approval: All research methods were approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University (CDYFYYLK 02–020) and were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the legal requirements of the country (China) in which the work was performed. Informed consent was obtained from all participants., (© 2024. The Author(s).)