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In this paper, the energy storage capacity planning problem of a real island microgrid is deeply simulated. In the beginning, the overview and basic data of the island microgrid are described in detail, including the composition of the grid and its key parameters. Then, with the help of modeling and simulation technology, the operation of microgrid in various scenarios is comprehensively simulated and analyzed, focusing on how to optimize energy storage planning in the case of wind energy removal to ensure the smooth operation of the grid. The research deeply reveals the core role of stable power system in ensuring the reliability of power supply and the normal operation of the system. Among them, frequency stability is regarded as the cornerstone of power system operation, which is indispensable for maintaining the overall stability of the power grid and ensuring the continuous and stable power supply of users.Through this simulation study, we not only provide feasible schemes and suggestions for the energy storage capacity planning and allocation of island microgrids, but also verify that reasonable energy storage schemes have a positive effect on the overall stability and reliability of the power system.