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[Display omitted] • A hybrid Ce-MOF@MoS 2 with an advanced hierarchical structure is designed. • EP/Ce-MOF@MoS 2 -3 exhibits a notable increase in TS to 50.87 MPa and EB to 10.84 %. • The pHRR and THR of EP/Ce-MOF@MoS 2 -3 are reduced by 38 % and 12.64 %, respectively. • The hybrid's catalytic effects reduce CO and CO 2 production by 48.8 % and 38.7 %. This study demonstrates the preparation of needle-like Ce-MOF crystals on molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2) nanosheets using in-situ growth technology. This hybrid structure significantly enhances the thermal management and mechanical properties of thermosetting epoxy resin (EP). Specifically, EP/Ce-MOF@MoS 2 -3 exhibits a notable increase in tensile strength (TS) to 50.87 MPa and elongation at break (EB) to 10.84 %. Moreover, Ce-MOF@MoS 2 provides synergistic flame retardant benefits, reducing the peak heat release rate (pHRR) and total heat release (THR) of EP/Ce-MOF@MoS 2 -3 by 38 % and 12.64 %, respectively, compared to EP-0. Additionally, Ce-MOF@MoS 2 suppresses smoke and reduces toxic emissions; at a 3 % loading, it decreases CO and CO 2 production in EP nanocomposites by 48.8 % and 38.7 %, respectively. Thus, this Ce-MOF@MoS 2 hybrid, synthesized via in-situ growth, offers a novel approach for developing EP nanocomposites with superior thermal management and mechanical properties, along with effective flame retardancy and reduced hazardous emissions during thermal events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The vacancy-rich, hydrophilic, and multilayer-stacked MoS 2 /NiO nanosheets not only improve the exposure of MoS 2 active sites on heterointerface but also accelerate electron transfer between NiO and the MoS 2 interface, significantly enhancing the HER performance. [Display omitted] • Hydrophilic-aerophobic MoS 2 /NiO heterocatalyst was prepared on wood-derived carbon. • Oxygen vacancies and multilayer-stacked heterostructures improve HER performance. • Achieved 10 mA cm−2 with an overpotential of only 77 mV in KOH electrolyte. • Overall urea cell demonstrated excellent H 2 production activity and durability. Two-dimensional nano-MoS 2 holds remarkable potential for widespread use in hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) applications owing to its high catalytic activity, abundant availability, and low cost. However, its electrocatalytic performance is significantly lower than that of Pt-based catalysts necessitating strategies to improve its catalytic activity. We developed an effective strategy for enhancing the HER performance of MoS 2 based on the synergistic effect of oxygen vacancies (O v), heterostructures, and interfacial wettability. In particular, highly graphitized wood-based carbon (GWC) was used as a platform to prepare a hydrophilic/aerophobic MoS 2 @O v -NiO-GWC heterocatalyst featuring nanosheet stacking and containing abundant O v. Consequently, a current density of 10 mA cm−2 and an overpotential of only 77 mV were achieved in a 1 M KOH electrolyte using the prepared catalyst; notably, the overpotential increase was only 1.2 % after continuous operation for 90 h. Density functional theory calculations showed that coupling MoS 2 with the O v -NiO heterointerface increased the exposure of the MoS 2 active sites on the heterointerface and accelerated the electron transfer between NiO and the MoS 2 interface, considerably enhancing the HER performance. Moreover, an overall urea electrolysis cell assembled using this heterocatalyst demonstrated excellent hydrogen production activity and durability, with current densities of 10 and 100 mA cm−2 at cell voltages of only 1.33 and 1.46 V, respectively. Even after continuous operation for 75 h at a current density of 100 mA cm−2, the cell exhibited a voltage retention rate of 92.8 %. These results demonstrate the potential of this nano-heterocatalyst to efficiently produce hydrogen via overall urea electrolysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • MoS 2 nanosheets were grown on the surface of Ti 3 C 2 /MXene cross-linked with CNTs. • Ti 3 C 2 /CNTs dual skeleton can dramatically improve the structural stability during the cycling process. • N 2 plasma induced the phase transition of MoS 2 from 2H to 1T. • Expanded interlayer spacing of 1T-MoS 2 greatly promotes the Li+ diffusion. • P-MoS 2 /Ti 3 C 2 /CNTs anodes for LIBs delivered a remarkable lithium storage performance. MoS 2 /Ti 3 C 2 MXene composite has emerged as a promising anode material for lithium storage due to the synergistic combination of high specific capacity offered by MoS 2 and conductive skeleton provided by Ti 3 C 2 MXene. However, its two-dimensional/two-dimensional (2D/2D) structure is susceptible to collapse after long cycles, while the inherent low conductivity of MoS 2 limits its rate performance. In this study, we developed a novel approach combining plasma-induced phase engineering with dual skeleton structure design to fabricate a unique P-MoS 2 /Ti 3 C 2 /CNTs anode material featuring highly conductive 1T phase MoS 2 and a stable one-dimensional/two-dimensional (1D/2D) architecture. Within this architecture, growth of MoS 2 nanosheets on the surface of Ti 3 C 2 cross-linked by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was achieved. The resulting Ti 3 C 2 /CNTs dual skeleton not only provides robust mechanical support to prevent structural collapse during long cycles but also offers increased specific surface area and additional Li+ storage space, thereby enhancing the lithium storage capacity of the composite. Subsequent N 2 plasma treatment induced a phase transition in MoS 2 from 2H to 1T configuration. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirmed that the induced 1T-MoS 2 exhibits higher conductivity and lower Li+ diffusion barrier compared to 2H-MoS 2. Benefiting from these synergistic effects, our P-MoS 2 /Ti 3 C 2 /CNTs anode demonstrated remarkable electrochemical performance including a high reversible specific capacity of 1120 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1, excellent cycling stability with a specific capacity retention of 670 mAh g−1 after 600 cycles at 1 A/g, and superior rate performance with a specific capacity of 614 mAh g−1 at 2 A g−1. This combined modification strategy will serve as guidance for designing other energy storage materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MoS 2 /Ni 3 S 2 interfacial heterojunction is constructed and exhibits superior activity of promoting oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) towards efficient electrocatalytic water splitting process. [Display omitted] In the ongoing quest for cost-effective and durable electrocatalysts for hydrogen production—a critical element of sustainable energy transformation—the 1T phase of Molybdenum Disulfide (MoS 2) faces challenges due to its thermodynamic instability and the trade-off between efficiency and durability. Conversely, the 2H phase of MoS 2 , often disregarded in favor of the metallic 1T phase, suffers from its inert nature and limited active sites. To overcome these limitations, this study employs a straightforward hydrothermal synthesis strategy that couples both 1T and 2H phases of MoS 2 with Ni 3 S 2 , forming 1T- and 2H- MoS 2 /Ni 3 S 2 heterojunctions. Enhanced by Ni 3 S 2 ′s abundant active sites, improved electron transport capabilities, synergistic interface effects, and better structural stability, these heterojunctions achieve a high current density exceeding 500 mA cm−2 at low overpotentials, along with prolonged durability for both the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline electrolytes. Remarkably, an electrolyzer assembly utilizing 1T-MoS 2 /Ni 3 S 2 as the cathode and 2H-MoS 2 /Ni 3 S 2 as the anode demonstrates a competitive voltage of 1.58 V at 20 mA cm−2, showcasing superior performance in overall water splitting compared to other non-noble metal-based electrocatalysts. This study not only offers a viable method for synthesizing efficient and stable electrocatalysts for water splitting using transition metal-based heterogeneous structures but also addresses the fundamental challenges associated with 1T and 2H phases of MoS 2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate the effects of biaxial tensile and compressive strains on the electronic structure of O-doped monolayer MoS2 by density functional theory (DFT) in this paper. O-doped monolayer MoS2 is an exothermic reaction. The doping of O leads to the transformation of the system from direct bandgap to indirect, and the bonding of Mo and O causes a large amount of charge transfer. The application of tensile strain leads to a decrease in the stability of the doped system, and the system always maintains the nature of indirect bandgap. The degree of interatomic charge transfer and bandgap value gradually decrease with the increase of tensile strain. The application of compression strain improves the stability of the doped system, and as the compressive strain increases, the bandgap of the doped system completes the indirect–direct–indirect transformation. The bandgap value shows a trend of increasing and then decreasing. Additionally, the degree of charge transfer between atoms is strengthened. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate the effects of biaxial tensile and compressive strains on the electronic structure of O-doped monolayer MoS2 by density functional theory (DFT) in this paper. O-doped monolayer MoS2 is an exothermic reaction. The doping of O leads to the transformation of the system from direct bandgap to indirect, and the bonding of Mo and O causes a large amount of charge transfer. The application of tensile strain leads to a decrease in the stability of the doped system, and the system always maintains the nature of indirect bandgap. The degree of interatomic charge transfer and bandgap value gradually decrease with the increase of tensile strain. The application of compression strain improves the stability of the doped system, and as the compressive strain increases, the bandgap of the doped system completes the indirect–direct–indirect transformation. The bandgap value shows a trend of increasing and then decreasing. Additionally, the degree of charge transfer between atoms is strengthened. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hybrid MoS 2 /hollow carbon spheres (CSs) composites are fabricated using solvothermal method by uniformly growing MoS 2 nanosheets onto hollow CSs in an ethanol and water mixture at different pH values (CMS-x-y, with x and y been the weight ratio of Na 2 MoO 4· 2H 2 O and pH value). Sample CMS-20-3.5 fabricated using optimized conditions shows that the MoS 2 nanosheets with a mixed phases of 1T and 2H are uniformly anchored onto the surface of monodispersed hollow CSs. The hydrogen reaction evolution (HER) and supercapacitor measurements results suggest that sample CMS-20-3.5 reveals the best electrocatalytic activity for HER in acidic media, at the potential of 150 and 207 mV to attain current density of 1 and 10 mAcm-2 in case of no IR correction, respectively. Moreover, sample CMS-20-3.5 exhibits the highest specific capacitance of 800 Fg-1 at 1 Ag-1 using a three-electrode system in a 3 M KOH solvent. An asymmetric supercapacitor device is assembled using sample CMS-20-3.5 and activated carbon to manifest a high energy density of 36.4 Whkg-1 at 800 Wkg-1 under the voltage window of 0–1.6 V. Encouragingly, the composites in HER and supercapacitor applications exhibits excellent stability in the case of 24 h and 5000 cycles of continuous operation. [Display omitted] • MoS 2 nanosheets were grown homogeneously on hollow carbon nanospheres (CSs). • MoS 2 /CSs composites revealed high HER performance in acidic and alkaline media. • The sample delivered a high specific capacitance of 800 F g−1 in alkaline solvent. • An asymmetric device was assembled to manifest an energy density of 36.4 Wh kg−1. • The composites showed excellent stability in HER and supercapacitor applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Temperature sensors have extensive applications in industrial production, defense, and military sectors. However, conventional temperature sensors are limited to operating temperatures below 200 °C and are unsuitable for detecting extremely high temperatures. In this paper, a method for thermal protection of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) films is proposed and a MoS2 high temperature sensor is prepared. By depositing silicon nitride (Si3N4) films onto monolayer MoS2, not only is the issue of high-temperature oxidation effectively addressed, but also the prevention of contamination by impurities that could potentially compromise the performance of MoS2. Moreover, the width of the Schottky barrier of metal/MoS2 is reduced by using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition of 400 nm Si3N4 to form an ohmic contact, which improves the electrical performance of the device by three orders of magnitude. The sensor exhibits a positive temperature coefficient measurement range of 25 °C–550 °C, with a maximum temperature coefficient of resistance of 0.89%·°C−1. The thermal protection method proposed in this paper provides a new idea for the fabrication of high-temperature sensors, which is expected to be applied in the high-temperature field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

2D ferroelectrics open a new realm of nonvolatile memory and computing devices, while metal–organic frameworks (MOF) offer tremendous possibilities to design and optimize ferroelectric performance. Integrating a MOF ferroelectric gate with a semiconducting channel provides new strategy toward ultralow power ferroelectric field effect transistors (FeFETs), yet no 2D MOF is experimentally demonstrated to be ferroelectric yet. Here, the study successfully develops 2D ferroelectric MOF nanosheets, {CuL2(H2O)2(NO3)2(H2O)1.5·(CH3OH)}∞ wherein L denotes PhPO(NH4Py)2, abbreviated as {CuIIL2}n‐MOF, and confirm its ferroelectricity down to 7 nm thickness. A large polarization of ≈14.2 µC cm−2, small coercive field of ≈33.3 V µm−1, and excellent endurability >106 cycles are found in 2D {CuIIL2}n‐MOF nanosheets. This enables to fabricate FeFETs using 2D {CuIIL2}n‐MOF as the gate and MoS2 as the channel, achieving an on/off ratio of 107 with ultralow off‐state current of 100 fA and tunable memory window, making it exceptional among known FeFETs and very promising for next‐generation ultralow power memories and computing devices [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The NiCo-MoS 2 -CW was constructed via hydrothermal and electrodeposition. • The NiCo-modified MoS 2 significantly enhanced the Volmer step. • The NiCo-MoS 2 -CW can deliver 10 mA cm−2 at overpotentials of 64 mV for HER. • The NiCo-MoS 2 -CW || NiCo-MoS 2 -CW cell requires only 1.69 V at 50 mA cm−2. The development of a cost-effective and efficient bifunctional electrode for overall water splitting holds significant importance in accelerating the sustainable advancement of hydrogen energy. The present study involved a bifunctional catalytic electrode was prepared by loading NiCo-modified 1T/2H MoS 2 onto carbonized wood (NiCo-MoS 2 -CW) using the hydrothermal and electrodeposition techniques. The XPS analysis revealed that NiCo-modified MoS 2 exhibited a weak electron characteristic, which facilitated the ionization of H 2 O and significantly enhanced the Volmer step. The XPS analysis unveiled that NiCo-modified MoS 2 displayed a weak electron characteristic, thereby promoting the ionization of H 2 O and substantially augmenting the Volmer step. The electrocatalytic performance of the NiCo-MoS 2 -CW in 1.0 M KOH is remarkably impressive, exhibiting minimal overpotentials of only 64 mV (10 mA cm−2) and 216 mV (50 mA cm−2) for the hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction, respectively. The NiCo-MoS 2 -CW || NiCo-MoS 2 -CW electrolytic cell can achieve a cell voltage of only 1.69 V to achieve a current density of 50 mA cm−2. Overall, this study proposes a potential approach to improve the catalytic efficiency of overall water splitting by modulating the interfacial electronic properties of MoS 2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The coupling of nanostructures with emerging 2D semiconductors is gaining significant interest thanks to the unique features of these hybrids systems, which make them key platforms for next‐generation applications in electronics, optoelectronics, and sensing. Top‐down lithographic approaches uniquely enable the fully deterministic high‐resolution fabrication of nanostructures, but some of them, like electron‐beam lithography and focused ion‐beam lithography, employ energetic particles that may damage 2D materials causing an unwanted loss of functionality. Herein thermal scanning probe lithography is applied for the realization of metallic nanoantennas directly on top of exfoliated 2D MoS2 flakes, showing it can avoid the degradation of this delicate substrate. It is shown that the morphologic and optical features of MoS2 are fully preserved after the lithography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reducing CO2 emissions is one of the greatest challenges of the century. Among the means employed to tackle CO2 emissions, the photocatalytic conversion of CO2 is an appealing way to valorize CO2 since it uses the sun energy, which is abundant. However, nowadays, the best photocatalytic systems still report too low efficiencies, and use expensive materials, so they cannot be readily industrialized for use at large scale. In this report, we first highlight general industrial and process challenges (including operating conditions). Then, focusing on MoS2/TiO2 heterojunction systems, we analyze advantages and limitations of such systems and open perspectives on Mo oxysulfides supported on TiO2 discussing their potential to reach higher efficiency for CO2 photoconversion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has been found to be a promising material for electronic and optoelectronic device applications due to its unique optical and electrical characteristics. However, the large-scale synthesis of MoS2 thin films is limited by challenges in achieving reproducible and uniform device fabrication. In the present study, we utilized a sputtering technique and post-treatment by ion beam irradiation for large-scale fabrication of uniform MoS2 thin films. The effects of the low-energy ion beam on the optical, structural, electrical transport, and morphological characteristics of the MoS2 thin films were studied by Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, and electrical transport analysis. Tuning the electrical and optical characteristics of few- and monolayer MoS2 through regulation of defects provides an excellent approach for fabricating two-dimensional (2D) MoS2 thin films for electronic device applications. Thin film transistors (TFTs) have been widely studied for driving active-matrix displays given their promising electrical characteristics including significant on/off current ratio and mobility. In the present work, we report a back-gate MoS2 TFT fabricated by sputtering. TFTs based on MoS2 thin films were fabricated, and the current–voltage characteristics were studied at room temperature, which confirmed that the transport behavior differed between the pristine and ion-irradiated samples. Pristine MoS2-based TFTs displayed significant Schottky barrier effects, resulting in lower mobility than ion-irradiated samples. Our comprehensive study focuses on the fundamental transport characteristics via the metal–MoS2interface, which represents a substantial step towards achieving highly efficient electronic devices based on 2D semiconductors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the development of aluminum metal matrix hybrid nanocomposites (AMMHNCs) using AA5456 alloy reinforced with 2 wt % of SiC, Al2O3, graphite (Gr), and MoS2 nanoparticles (NPs) through ultrasonic-assisted bottom pouring stir-squeeze casting. The AMMHNCs were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). XRD confirmed successful NPs incorporation, SEM showed a refined microstructure, and EDX demonstrated a uniform distribution of reinforcements. The study shows that adding NPs with higher intrinsic densities, like Al2O3 and MoS2, increases composite densities. The ASMHNC (AA5456 + Al2O3 + SiC + MoS2) sample exhibited the highest density. Conversely, incorporating lighter SiC and graphite NPs resulted in lower-density composites, as exemplified by the ASGHNC (AA5456 + Al2O3 + SiC + Gr) sample having the lowest density. Adding SiC and MoS2 NPs significantly increases the composites' hardness due to effective grain boundary strengthening, with the ASMHNC sample achieving a maximum hardness of 158.64 HV. The yield strength (YS) and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of ASMHNC improved significantly by 51.02% and 35.32%, respectively, compared to the AA5456 alloy. The ASMHNC samples exhibited the highest compressive strength of 383.46 MPa, while the AA5456 alloy had the lowest (328.63 MPa). However, adding Gr-NPs slightly reduces YS and UTS and decreases elongation percentage, indicating a potential compromise in ductility and toughness. Fractography analysis identifies various fracture modes, including ductile, brittle, and fatigue, along with their distinct surface features, providing insights into the fracture mechanisms of the AMMHNCs. The research also examines the primary strengthening mechanisms contributing to the increase in YS, including thermal mismatch, the Orowan effect, the Hall-Petch effect, and load bearing. Five prediction models were established to estimate the YS of the developed hybrid nanocomposites. The Quadratic Summation and Arithmetic Summation methods effectively predict the YS of the prepared AMMHNCs, with predictions closely aligning with experimental results.

High-strength wear-resistant materials have gained significant attention in current research. molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), as a solid self-lubricating material for reinforcing copper(Cu)-based composites, has become a focal point for researchers. However, the reaction between MoS2 and Cu during high temperature sintering leads to the formation of brittle phase, which compromises the interfacial bond. Therefore, this study attempts to improve the interfacial structure by introducing chromium (Cr) element through CuCr alloying with the expectation of mechanical and tribological properties improvement. Spark plasma sintering (SPS) is employed to prepare MoS2/CuCr composites and the effects of different MoS2 contents (0–10 wt%) under various normal loads on frictional wear will be evaluated. The results demonstrate that Cr element addition facilitates the formation of compact Cr3S4 compounds with MoS2 at the interfaces, enhancing interfacial bonding with Cu and providing a solid foundation for maintaining excellent wear resistance during friction processes. With increasing content of MoS2, both coefficient of friction (COF) and wear rate initially decrease and then show an upward trend. Under the normal load of 20 N, compared with the CuCr composite, the friction coefficient of the composite with 7.5 wt % MoS2 content is 0.281, which is significantly reduced by 37.7 %, and the wear rate is 0.1471( × 10−3 mm3/N.m), which is reduced by 50.9 %. This research content can provide a better theoretical basis for changing the problem of poor wettability between the lubricating phase and the matrix.

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) holds great potential in a wide range of applications, including electronics, photodetectors, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and solar cells due to its unique two-dimensional (2D) structure. This structure enables innovative functionalities, particularly in flexible and wearable technologies. However, a significant knowledge gap remains regarding MoS2's interfacial adhesion, a critical aspect for advancing next-generation devices. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive study investigating the interaction forces originating from the bonding between atoms that govern the adhesion of ultra-thin 2D MoS2. Our pioneering in situ experiments, utilizing TEM-based nanoindentation, provided precise imaging and force monitoring of MoS2's interaction with a diamond. We employed four MoS2-coated AFM tips with varying radii and preparation methods, with films prepared on two Si wafers subjected to different oxidation protocols. Our findings, validated by Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, reveal unique insights into MoS2's interfacial behavior. We observed a decreased structural order in MoS2 on sharper tips, particularly those without pre-deposition oxidation. These results underscore the importance of residual stress between the MoS2 film and substrate and the influence of curvature-induced residual stress in fostering less-ordered MoS2 structures with heightened work of adhesion. Importantly, this is the first study to report the work of adhesion for MoS2-diamond contact. Our findings highlight the crucial role of covalent bonding at contact points in the material transfer processes involving 2D materials. This is a critical insight for developing precise and reliable methods for manipulating 2D materials, which could significantly advance our understanding and application of materials science, particularly in nanotechnology and device fabrication.

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors are powerful tools for highly sensitive and specific detection of biomolecules. This study introduces a MoS₂-based SPR biosensor optimized for SARS-CoV-2 detection. The sensor integrates a multilayer configuration, including a BK7 prism, Ag film (45 nm), S₃N₄ layer (13 nm), MoS₂ monolayer (0.65 nm), and functionalized ssDNA layer (5 nm). Systematic optimization of each layer improved plasmonic coupling, propagation, and specificity, achieving a balance between sensitivity, resolution, and efficiency. The optimized biosensor was evaluated across virus concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 150 mM. The proposed biosensor demonstrated excellent performance at moderate to high concentrations, with sensitivity up to 261.33°/RIU, a quality factor of 36.16 RIU−1, and a limit of detection of 1.91 × 10−5. An optimal figure of merit of 405.50 RIU−1 was achieved at 10 mM, highlighting the sensor’s diagnostic potential. However, challenges remain at very low concentrations (0.01–0.1 mM), where angular shifts, sensitivity, and signal-to-noise ratio were negligible.

Ceramic coatings containing two-dimensional materials (2D materials) provide effective protection for light alloys during wear, significantly improving their anti-friction performance. MoS2 has proven highly effective in enhancing the anti-friction performance of ceramic coatings, particularly when synthesized via plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO). However, dislocation pinning due to the incoherent interfaces in MoS2/TiO2 coatings tends to cause localized stress concentrations and brittle fracture, requiring effectively improve nanomechanical properties by optimizing interface design. To address these issues, this study used ultrasonic-assisted PEO to disperse graphene oxide (GO), which provided more possibility for in-situ synthesis MoS2, ultimately resulting in MoS2 with modified interlayer spacing. The change in interlayer spacing induced dislocation evolution at incoherent interface, leading to dual interface formation. At MoS2 (0.534 nm)/TiO2 interface: dislocation dipoles evolve to create considerable distortion, facilitating releasing shear stresses and inhibiting crack propagations. This process is followed by dislocation annihilation, keeping to stable interfacial bonding. Additionally, the others form strong dislocation pinning to obstruct dislocation slip and enhancing deformation resistance at MoS2 (0.227 nm)/TiO2 interface. The combined effects of dual interfacial enhancements resulted in a 90.0 % reduction in friction coefficients of the MoS2/GO/TiO2 coating compared to the traditional ceramic coating. This facile technique provides a new strategy to fabricate self-lubricating ceramic coatings on light alloys, while the introduction of ultrasound during PEO offers valuable guidance for applying ultrasound in the synthesis of 2D materials.

MoS 2 -CNT@C membranes synthesized by loading 1T/2H MoS 2 flower spheres on the CNT@C hierarchically porous membrane by hydrothermal method are used as solar water evaporators. The membrane has a high evaporation rate of 2.53 kg m−2h−1 under one sun illumination. In addition, the evaporation rate of the sample in seawater reaches 2.51 kg m−2h−1, and remains stable after several evaporation cycles, ensuring that high quality fresh water can be produced during the desalination. [Display omitted] • Combination of MoS 2 flowers and CNT@C membrane for solar water evaporation. • The solar photothermal conversion efficiency of MoS 2 -CNT@C membrane is 95.8 %. • Great hydrophilicity and salt resistance for 30 evaporation cycles at least. • A high evaporation rate of 2.53 kg m−2h−1 under one sun illumination. • The evaporation rate of the sample in seawater reaches 2.51 kg m−2h−1. Solar powered interfacial water evaporation has become one of the most direct and sustainable technologies for seawater desalination. However, developing an efficient, stable evaporator with good salt resistance is a critical and challenging. In this work, MoS 2 -CNT@C membranes synthesized by loading 1T/2H MoS 2 flower spheres on the CNT@C hierarchically porous membrane by hydrothermal method are used as solar water evaporators. MoS 2 -CNT@C membranes, as photothermal conversion materials, have broadband solar absorption capacity and good hydrophilicity. The porous structure of CNT@C membrane can provide great water transport channels, and the decoration of flower spheres MoS 2 enhances the internal reflection which can increase the sunlight absorption capacity, resulting in a jump in water evaporation properties. The membrane has a high evaporation rate of 2.53 kg m−2h−1 under one sun illumination. In addition, the evaporation rate of the sample in seawater reaches 2.51 kg m−2h−1, similar to that in the pure water, and remains stable after several evaporation cycles, ensuring that high quality fresh water can be produced during the desalination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • MoS 2 doped with Group VIII metals showed much better VOC adsorption. • Group VIII metals introduce a new density state at the Fermi level. • The adsorption of MoS 2 varies with the different functional groups. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) represent a significant category of toxic and harmful air pollutants. Among the various abatement techniques available for VOCs, adsorption technology is widely recognized as a cost-effective solution. In this study, density functional theory (DFT) was employed to calculate and compare the adsorption capacities of six typical VOCs on pristine MoS 2 and MoS 2 modified with Group VIII (M VIII) transition metals atoms. It is found that M VIII -MoS 2 monolayer demonstrates a significant enhancement in adsorption capabilities for VOCs relative to pristine MoS 2. Among these Group VIII transition metals atoms, Fe, Ru and Os atoms exhibited the most significant VOCs adsorption enhancement, with Fe atoms demonstrating a particularly pronounced effect. This suggests a synergistic interaction between the metal dopants and the substrate. Density of states (DOS) and charge density difference analyses provided further insights into the mechanisms underlying improved adsorption capability. Interestingly, the introduction of M VIII atoms results in the emergence of a novel state density within the surface state of MoS 2 , thereby facilitating enhanced electron transfer between VOCs and the substrate. Charge density difference calculations further corroborated these findings, with certain configurations exhibiting significant electron cloud overlap. Such modification leads to more active electron transfer, thereby increasing the substrate's affinity for VOC molecules and consequently improving the adsorption efficiency. The findings not only enhance the comprehension of VOC adsorption mechanisms on MoS 2 but also underscore the potential of metal-doped two-dimensional materials for environmental applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Differently oriented supported MoS 2 nanostructures are ideal candidates for various electronic and optoelectronic applications, with their performance influenced by thermal properties and is still not comprehensively studied. In this paper, we study the temperature-dependent Raman response of CVD synthesized horizontally (H-MoS 2) and vertically (V-MoS 2) oriented MoS 2 grown over SiO 2 -Si substrate from 80 to 333 K. The V-MoS 2 shows a relatively higher peak shift, attributed to its smaller contact area with the substrate, giving it a suspended-like characteristic. Then to facilitate quantitative understanding of the non-linear temperature dependency in differently oriented MoS 2 films, a physical model incorporating both volume and thermal effect is employed. The greater four-phonon contribution for in-plane mode of H-MoS 2 compared to V-MoS 2 may be attributed to the larger contact area with the substrate, leading to higher-order scattering due to interface formation. Our study can be leveraged for understanding thermal response in future applications of low-power thermoelectric and optoelectronic devices. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Different morphologies of MoS 2 nanocatalysts were prepared by the ligand sulfurization method. • MoS 2 -0.5 consists of mono-layered or double-layered plates with slab sizes of 3 ∼ 10 nm. • MoS 2 -0.5 exhibited excellent hydrocracking activity for converting asphaltene into light fractions. • Catalytic performance of MoS 2 showed a good correlation with their slab sizes. • MoS 2 with smaller slab sizes are more beneficial for the adsorption and dissociation of H 2. This work investigates the influence of active site size in dispersed MoS 2 on the slurry-phase hydrocracking of Merey residue (MRR). MoS 2 nanocatalysts with varying morphologies were synthesized using the ligand sulfurization method, employing molybdenum oleate as the Mo precursor. The results demonstrate that mono-layered or double-layered MoS 2 plates with slab sizes of 3 ∼ 10 nm can be synthesized at a sulfurization temperature of 400 °C and a sulfurization time of 0.5 h. Prolonged sulfurization time results in the growth and agglomeration of MoS 2 plates, leading to multi-layered slabs with increased length and larger particle size, as well as a wider distribution range. The MoS 2 -0.5 (prepared with a sulfurization time of 0.5 h) exhibits superior hydrocracking activity, effectively converting resin and asphaltene into light fractions and significantly suppressing coke formation. Specifically, the conversion rates of resin and asphaltene are 51.3 wt% and 92.1 wt%, respectively, with the minimal coke yield of 0.6 wt% under conditions of 430 °C, 1 h, 7 MPa initial H 2 , and a catalyst dosage of 500 μg/g. The catalytic activity of the MoS 2 nanocatalysts exhibits a strong correlation with their size and morphology obtained at different sulfurization times. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that MoS 2 with smaller slab sizes are more beneficial for the adsorption and dissociation of H 2 , due to higher adsorption energy (E ads) and lower activation barrier (E a). This facilitates the generation of sufficient active hydrogen to encourage the hydrocracking of residue and suppress coke formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bulky MoS 2 possesses larger work function than Cu 2 O and thus, lowers the VBM level of Cu 2 O in Cu-Cu 2 O/MoS 2. However, the work functions of MoS 2 flakes of limited layers lowers its work function, which raises the VBM level of Cu 2 O, and enhance the catalysis. The quantity of the flakes is small, but their impact on the electronic structure is significant. Therefore, despite that the bulky MoS 2 would not be beneficial to the catalysis due to its larger work function, the MoS 2 -based composite material greatly improves the aerobic oxidation reaction owing to the presence of the flakes of thin layers of MoS 2. [Display omitted] • Bulky MoS 2 contains a certain MoS 2 flakes of limited thickness after ball milling process. • Cu-Cu 2 O composite formation significantly enhances aerobic oxidation of benzylic alcohols due to the presence of the flakes. • The enhancement is attributed to the decrease in work function of MoS 2 flakes as the thickness of the flakes decreases. Cuprous oxide (Cu 2 O), as a common transition metal semiconductor material, has found extensive applications and research in the field of catalysis due to its unique physicochemical properties. To improve its catalytic performance, introducing carriers to form composite materials with Cu 2 O has proven to be a promising strategy for enhancing its stability, activity, and selectivity. In this study, we introduced MoS 2 to form a composite material with Cu-Cu 2 O, investigating the impact of MoS 2 on the activity of Cu-Cu 2 O in selective alcohol oxidation. The results demonstrate a significant improvement in the catalytic activity of Cu-Cu 2 O upon the introduction of MoS 2. Further investigations substantiate the close correlation between the enhanced activity of Cu-Cu 2 O and the interaction with thin layered MoS 2 flakes. The quantity of the thin layered MoS 2 is small but its impact on the catalytic activity is significant. It induces changes in the band and electronic structures of Cu-Cu 2 O, and the changes facilitate the activation of O 2 and electron transfer in the oxidation, and thus promote the catalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • MoS 2 is synthesized on SiO 2 /Si, CVD graphene, and reduced fluorinated graphene (rFG). • XPS and NEXAFS study is performed for as-prepared samples and those annealed at 1000 °C. • A high fraction of under-coordinated molybdenum is found in MoS 2 on CVD graphene. • MoS 2 on SiO 2 /Si and MoS 2 on rFG detect NO 2 gas at elevated operation temperatures. • MoS 2 on CVD graphene operates at RT with detection limit of 18 ppb NO 2. MoS 2 coatings were formed on surface-oxidized silicon, chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown graphene, and reduced fluorinated graphene (rFG) from ammonium tetrathiomolybdate. The samples were annealed under ultra-high vacuum conditions at a temperature of 1000 °C. Analysis of X-ray photoelectron and X-ray absorption spectra revealed a bonding between MoS 2 and the supporting material that was particularly strong for CVD-graphene. Uniform covering of the flat CVD-graphene surface with MoS 2 nanoparticles and numerous contacts between them promoted the removal of sulfur and the formation of exposed molybdenum edges. A cracked MoS 2 coating consisting of dense domains was formed on the wrinkled rFG surface. The study of samples as NO 2 gas sensors revealed the best performance of MoS 2 /CVD-graphene. The sensor detected NO 2 in air below 50 ppb at room temperature, had good response and recovery, operated in humid air, and demonstrated excellent NO 2 selectivity. The other two sensors gave signals at elevated temperatures. The advantage of MoS 2 /CVD-graphene is due to improved electron transport in the hybrid, accessibility of small MoS 2 nanoparticles to the analyte, and passivation of high-energy molybdenum sites by oxygen, which improves NO 2 desorption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A heterojunction structure between the UiO-66 metal–organic framework (MOF) and MoS2 nanoflowers is produced using a straightforward hydrothermal process. The hybrid MoS2@UiO-66 was then used as an electrode material for high-performance supercapacitor applications. In this study, 10 and 20 wt.% of MoS2 were anchored on the surface of UiO-66. The morphology and structure of UiO-66, MoS2, and the hybrid MoS2@UiO-66 were evaluated using XRD, FT-IR, HR-TEM, EDX, and BET analyses. The hybrid MoS2@UiO-66 demonstrated a significant enhancement in electrochemical performance attributed to the synergistic combination of the structural characteristics of the UiO-66 and MoS2. The basic flower-like construction of the MoS2@UiO-66 composite remained unaffected, exhibiting an impressive specific capacitance of 1455 F g−1 at a current density of 1.0 A g−1 and exceptional cyclic stability with a retention rate of 95% after 5000 cycles at a 5.0 A g−1 current. Due to its promising electrochemical performance, MoS2@UiO-66 may applied in energy storage technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Capacitive deionization (CDI) has sparked considerable interest for its promising application in handling brackish water. Unfortunately, most traditional carbonaceous materials are still plagued by the limited desalination capacity and sluggish adsorption kinetics with the single adsorption mechanism and irrational pore structure. Herein, we developed a facile and affordable strategy to integrate electrospinning with hydrothermal method to fabricate MoS 2 nanoflowers-decorated carbon nanofibers (MoS 2 /CNF) composite for boosting desalination performance. CNF not only serves as a supportive framework to inhibit the agglomeration of MoS 2 nanosheets favoring the full contact with salt solutions, but also typically diminishes the charge transfer resistance of the composite. By taking advantage of the double layer adsorption of CNF and the hierarchically micro-mesoporous structure of MoS 2 nanoflowers with large interlayer spacer for salt ions intercalation, the optimized sample MoS 2 /CNF-1 employed as a cathode for the asymmetric hybrid CDI cell showed an eminent capacity for desalination of 30.9 mg·g−1, an ultrafast rate for desalination of 3.7 mg·g−1·min−1, and an attractive circulation stability for desalination with the capacity reservation remaining at 94.8 % after 30 cycles in the solution of 500 mg·L−1 NaCl at 1.2 V. This research sheds fresh light on the evolution of advanced CDI electrode materials for practical utilization. [Display omitted] • Novel design of MoS 2 nanosheets/carbon nanofibers (MoS 2 /CNF) composite. • The large-interlayer-spacing of MoS 2 promotes the intercalation of salt ions. • MoS 2 /CNF composite displays an excellent desalination performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MoS 2 /MIL-88A (Fe) composite catalyst was prepared by in-situ formation method. The material was characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD and XPS, and the Rhodamine B(RhB) was activated and degraded by persulfate (PMS). The results showed that M-10/M 1:2 had the best degradation effect on RhB, the rate constant was 0.66420 min−1, and the degradation rate could reach 1.89–14 times that of other doped composite catalysts. The SEM results showed that M − 10 had the least sulfur content, fewer MoS 2 flower layers and more exposed Mo4+ atoms, which improved the electron transfer efficiency and accelerated the degradation reaction. The XPS spectra before and after M-10/M 1:2 reaction showed that the REDOX reaction of Fe3+/Fe2+ and Mo4+/Mo6+ on the catalyst surface played an important role in the activation of PMS. The results of free radical capture experiment and ESR test showed that the main active substances in M-10/M 1:2 /PMS reaction system were SO 4 •−, 1O 2 , •O 2 −, and •OH, which only played a role in the degradation of RhB. Finally, based on the ESR results of M-10/M 1:2 /PMS system and the changes of Fe and Mo elements in XPS characterization before and after the reaction, the degradation mechanism of M-10/M 1:2 /PMS system was proposed. 1. SEM images of MIL-88A (Fe), MoS 2 monomer and MoS 2 /MIL-88A (Fe) composite catalysts with different doping ratios.2. Determine the RhB degradation diagram of the optimal MoS 2 precursor ratio and the optimal composite catalyst doping ratio.3. Mechanism diagram of RhB degradation by activating PMS with composite catalyst M-10/M 1:2. [Display omitted] • The composite catalyst MoS 2 /MIL-88A (Fe), which controls the proportion of MoS 2 precursor and monomer, was prepared for the first time. • M-10/M 1:2 /PMS system has good degradation effect and cyclic degradation ability on Rhodamine B. • The metal valence Mo6+/Mo4+ and Fe3+/Fe2+ promote the activation of PMS through the double REDOX cycle. • The degradation mechanism of Rhodamine B in M-10/M 1:2 /PMS system was studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

C-reactive protein (CRP), one of the classic biomarkers of inflammation, is closely related to infectious inflammation, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and other diseases. Therefore, timely and accurate detection of CRP in human blood is crucial for the discovery, diagnosis, and treatment of the aforementioned diseases. Herein, a novel label-free NIR fluorescence aptasensor with a large Stokes shift based on an AIEE anthracene derivative B and a molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2) platform was developed and used for the high sensitivity and specificity detection of CRP. Compound B could emit near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence with a large Stokes shift (190 nm). Notably, this compound could bind with the aptamer of CRP (CRP-Apt) through electrostatic attraction to form a B/CRP-Apt complex, generating an aggregation-induced emission enhancement effect and enhancing the fluorescent intensity of B. B/CRP-Apt could be adsorbed on the surface of MoS 2 with the addition of MoS 2 to its solution, and the fluorescence of Compound B was quenched. CRP was then added to the above solution. CRP-Apt had a substantially higher affinity for CRP than MoS 2. Therefore, B/CRP-Apt detached from the surface of MoS 2 and bound to CRP, thereby restoring the fluorescence of B. Experimental results showed a good linear relationship between the fluorescent recovery intensity of B and the concentration of CRP in the concentration range of 0.3–70 ng mL−1, with a limit of detection as low as 0.1 ng mL−1. The aptasensor integrates the advantages of high sensitivity of NIR fluorescence, high specificity of aptamers, good water-solubility and AIEE effect of Compound B. And it could be applied to the determination of CRP in human serum samples, while most of the reported methods can only determine CRP in spiked human serum samples. [Display omitted] • A novel NIR organic Compound B with a large Stokes shift and AIEE activity was synthesized. • Compound B and molybdenum disulfide were used to construct a label-free NIR fluorescence aptasensor. • The sensor had a specific response to C-reactive protein (CRP) and had a low limit of detection of 0.1 ng mL−1. • The aptasensor can be directly used to detect CRP in human serum and has excellent performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ammonium perchlorate (AP), the most widely used oxidizer in energetic materials, is crucial for studying catalytic thermal decomposition. Newly discovered Ti 3 C 2 MXene and MoS 2 demonstrating promising prospects in the field of the pyrolysis catalyst in AP. In this study, we employed a hydrothermal method to anchor nano-sized MoS 2 in situ on the surface of Ti 3 C 2 MXene, leading to the fabrication of MoS 2 -Ti 3 C 2 nanocomposites. Various characterizations indicated that MoS 2 was attached to the surface and edges of Ti 3 C 2 , thereby enhancing the stability and conductivity. Results revealed that upon the addition of 4 wt% MoS 2 -Ti 3 C 2 , the low-temperature decomposition peak of AP reduced from 331.2 °C to 296.6 °C, while the high-temperature decomposition peak advanced from 427.5 °C to 387.1 °C, showing a superior catalytic effect compared to the individual MoS 2 or Ti 3 C 2. Additionally, the catalytic mechanism of MoS 2 -Ti 3 C 2 on the thermal decomposition of AP may involve enhanced electrical conductivity, facilitating rapid proton transfer (H+), accelerated redox reactions, prompt release of gas products, and thereby expediting the progression of the decomposition reaction. Consequently, it can be anticipated that anchoring MoS 2 on the surface of Ti 3 C 2 represents an effective strategy for enhancing the catalytic activity of Ti 3 C 2 MXene towards the thermal decomposition of AP. • MoS 2 was anchored on the surface of Ti 3 C 2 through DMSO extension and PDDA modification. • MoS 2 -Ti 3 C 2 offers better electrical conductivity and enhances the catalytic effect on AP's thermal decomposition. • Thermodynamic calculations with varying temperature gradients were conducted to illustrate the catalytic effect. • Catalytic mechanism of AP's thermal decomposition was deduced via pre-release and concentrated release of product gas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]