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ObjectiveWe investigated whether there are differences in cancer incidence by geographical area of origin in North-eastern Italy.MethodsWe selected all incident cases recorded in the Veneto Tumour Registry in the period 2015-2019. Subjects were classified, based on the country of birth, in six geographical areas of origin (Italy, Highly Developed Countries-HDC, Eastern Europe, Asia, Africa, South-central America). Age-standardized incidence rates and incidence rate ratio (IRR) were calculated, for all cancer sites and for colorectal, liver, breast and cervical cancer separately.ResultsWe recorded 159,486 all-site cancer cases; 5.2% cases occurred in subjects born outside Italy, the majority from High Migratory Pressure Countries (HMPC) (74.3%). Incidence rates were significantly lower in subjects born in HMPC in both sexes. Immigrants, in particular born in Asia and Africa, showed lower rates of all site cancer incidence. The lowest IRR for colorectal cancer was observed in males from South-Central America (IRR 0.19, 95%CI 0.09-0.44) and in females from Asia (IRR 0.32, 95%CI 0.18-0.70). The IRR of breast cancer appeared significantly lower than Italian natives in all female populations, except for those coming from HDC. Females from Eastern Europe showed a higher IRR for cervical cancer (IRR 2.02, 95%CI 1.57-2.61).ConclusionCancer incidence was found lower in subjects born outside Italy, with differences in incidence patterns depending on geographical area of origin and the cancer type in question. Further studies, focused on the country of birth of the immigrant population, would help to identify specific risk factors influencing cancer incidence.

This article investigates the strategies modern-day autocrats use to delegitimate the press as a means of consolidating power, including in democratic states. Using content analysis and Brazil as a case study, I examine Bolsonaro's online discourse on X and YouTube, during the second half of his administration (January 2021–December 2022). I argue that Bolsonaro endeavors to promote an image of the press that centers on three elements: unreliability, obsolescence, and being an enemy to the people. The delegitimation of the press through discursive, insidious means suggests a change in the way autocrats exercise power. Rather than deploying the repressive tactics of old, modern autocrats are updating their toolbox to monopolize power while enjoying the legitimacy normally granted by democratic norms. These findings raise questions about the dispersion of authoritarian practices in supposed democracies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The study purpose was to review retrospectively our single‐center experience transplanting kidneys from deceased donors (DD) with acute kidney injury (AKI) according to terminal serum creatinine (tSCr) level. Methods: AKI kidneys were defined by a doubling of the DD's admission SCr and a tSCr ≥ 2.0 mg/dL. Results: From 1/07 to 11/21, we transplanted 236 AKI DD kidneys, including 100 with a tSCr ≥ 3.0 mg/dL (high SCr AKI group, mean tSCr 4.2 mg/dL), and the remaining 136 from DDs with a tSCr of 2.0–2.99 mg/dL (lower SCr AKI group, mean tSCr 2.4 mg/dL). These two AKI groups were compared to 996 concurrent control patients receiving DD kidneys with a tSCr < 1.0 mg/dL. Mean follow‐up was 69 months. Delayed graft function (DGF) rates were 51% versus 46% versus 29% (p < 0.0001), and 5‐year patient and death‐censored kidney graft survival rates were 96.8% versus 83.5% versus 82.2% (p = 0.002) and 86.7% versus 77.8% versus 78.8% (p = 0.18) in the high tSCr AKI versus lower tSCr AKI versus control groups, respectively. Conclusions: Despite a higher incidence of DGF, patients receiving kidneys from DDs with tSCr levels ≥3.0 mg/dL have acceptable medium‐term outcomes compared to either AKI DDs with a lower tSCr or DDs with a tSCr < 1.0 mg/dL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel vesicular drug delivery system has been created using only cholesteryl esters. The uncharged nature of the esters requires a formulation process that uses energy, in the form of sonication, to facilitate the cholesteryl esters formation into vesicles. The nature of the material choices renders the vesicles resistant to pH degradation between a pH of 2 and 10. Storage condition at 4°C for 9 months shows a stability of encapsulated materials as well as vesicles. The formulation process is a modified reverse phase method in which the esters are dissolved in an organic solvent, which is then removed and the aqueous component is then added with sonication in a temperature‐controlled water bath. A wide variety of materials can be encapsulated in these vesicles, which are called cholestosomes. Delivery of the cholestosome‐encapsulated materials is a function of the ester component structure and not the encapsulated molecule. Once encapsulated, the vesicles deliver the materials into cells. The potential for oral availability was explored using chylomicrons. Successful delivery of the cholestosome encapsulated into chylomicrons has enhanced the effectiveness of delivery to cells. Analytical methods have been developed to analyze the materials chosen from the cholesteryl esters as well as the encapsulated materials. Practical Applications: The creation of the cholestosome vesicle opens up completely new areas for encapsulating and delivering materials. The cholesteryl ester structure that makes up the vesicles is impervious to pH and bile salts, making cholestosomes ideal for oral delivery of drugs, such as oral insulin. Intracellular delivery of cholestosome vesicles enables multiple applications, from killing latent infections to preventing viral replication (irrespective of the virus) and delivering nucleic acid therapeutics to cure genetic disease. These vesicles pass the blood–brain barrier and could be used for treatments of Alzheimer's and related neurodegenerative disease. Cholestosomes can also be used in cosmetic formulations as the vesicles pass the dermis. They even could be used in food applications as the materials are considered generally regarded as safe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In current telerobotics and telemanipulator applications, operators must perform a wide variety of tasks, often with a high risk associated with failure. A system designed to generate data-based behavioural estimations using observed operator features could be used to reduce risks in industrial teleoperation. This paper describes a non-invasive bio-mechanical feature capture method for teleoperators used to trial novel human-error rate estimators which, in future work, are intended to improve operational safety by providing behavioural and postural feedback to the operator. Operator monitoring studies were conducted in situ using the MASCOT teleoperation system at UKAEA RACE; the operators were given controlled tasks to complete during observation. Building upon existing works for vehicle-driver intention estimation and robotic surgery operator analysis, we used 3D point-cloud data capture using a commercially available depth camera to estimate an operator's skeletal pose. A total of 14 operators were observed and recorded for a total of approximately 8 h, each completing a baseline task and a task designed to induce detectable but safe collisions. Skeletal pose was estimated, collision statistics were recorded, and questionnaire-based psychological assessments were made, providing a database of qualitative and quantitative data. We then trialled data-driven analysis by using statistical and machine learning regression techniques (SVR) to estimate collision rates. We further perform and present an input variable sensitivity analysis for our selected features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents experiences of psychoanalytic work with open groups of children carried out in a health institution in Montevideo. The characteristics of the device used, the most common indications, the coordination style adopted, and the therapeutic effects of playing with others are detailed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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