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Crossing pedestrians may significantly affect the capacity of the left-turn (LT) lane at signalized intersections while sharing the same signal phase in the left-hand traffic system, the quantitative estimation method is still not intensively discussed when considering the vehicle yielding maneuver. Despite the Road Traffic Act in Japan mandating vehicles to yield to pedestrians, instances of vehicles crossing in front of pedestrians are frequent. This study aims to refine the evaluation of LT lane capacity by introducing a novel vehicle yielding maneuver model, considering factors such as pedestrian numbers, crosswalk length, and signal timing. The model, developed using data from various Japanese crosswalks, is subjected to Monte Carlo simulation for validation. Comparative analysis with existing methods in Japanese and U.S. manuals, along with observed data, highlights the effectiveness of our model. This innovative approach has the potential to mitigate vehicle–pedestrian conflicts and reduce air pollution. By incorporating techniques such as signal optimization and two-stage crossing, our model contributes to sustainability while maintaining efficient traffic flow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study considers low‐ability workers with the difference in their specialization areas and investigates the consequence of automation. There are two findings. First, owing to automation, it is more difficult for displaced workers than for other workers to find a new job, because these displaced workers lose their suitable jobs. Consequently, the unemployment rate increases with an increase in the number of displaced workers. Second, unless an additional increase in unsuitable jobs is large under the introduction of new tasks, automation does not necessarily increase the unemployment rate because it is less difficult for workers to find a new job. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We herein report a 27-year-old woman who presented with recurrent knee pain. Laboratory findings revealed minimal inflammation. Arthrography revealed structures resembling adipose tissues. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a high signal intensity of these structures, leading to the diagnosis of lipoma arborescens (LA). Synovectomy was performed. Pathology revealed adipocyte proliferation and B-cell clusters but no T-cell infiltration. A serum cytokine analysis revealed low levels of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α compared with patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The pathogenesis of LA remains unclear, but immunostaining and serum cytokine levels may provide valuable data for future investigations.