Search

Este estudio de tipo cualitativo explora la percepción que dirigentes de organizaciones de trabajadores y trabajadoras de plataformas digitales en Chile y España tienen de las legislaciones que regulan el trabajo en aplicaciones móviles: la Ley Rider española de 2021 y la Ley 21.431 chilena de 2022. La investigación muestra que en España, la Ley Rider es vista como un avance con limitaciones, mientras que en Chile existe una fuerte disconformidad por la falta de inclusión de las demandas laborales. Se argumenta que las aplicaciones digitales usan la novedad de su modelo de negocio para evadir responsabilidades y negar la existencia de una relación laboral, ya que, a pesar de las nuevas legislaciones, las plataformas en ambos países continúan buscando formas de eludir sus obligaciones legales y mantener la falsa autonomía de las y los trabajadores.

El propósito de este estudio es caracterizar el estado del arte de las prácticas educativas que incorporan la perspectiva de género en la educación científica e identificar sus avances y desafíos en torno a la investigación. El método fue una revisión sistemática de la literatura que considera el análisis de investigaciones empíricas producidas entre el período 2013-2022. Se consultaron las bases de datos Scopus, Scielo y Web of Science, aplicando criterios de inclusión y exclusión para obtener la máxima información posible. La estrategia de búsqueda prediseñadas resultó en 23 artículos para análisis. Los resultados muestran que las principales prácticas son el uso de preguntas científicas y reuniones en el aula, y la mayor productividad científica se desarrolla en América del Norte y Europa. Las señas de identidad más significativas que rodean las visiones de la ciencia contempladas en las prácticas educativas, son las perspectivas de equidad de género, que nos dan cuenta de nuevas visiones sobre la relación entre género y educación científica, acercándonos a perspectivas más inclusivas en la ciencia. Esta investigación describe los desafíos relacionados con las metodologías implementadas para incentivar prácticas educativas con perspectiva de género en la educación científica, el alcance geográfico y los modelos ciencia-género subyacentes presentes en los estudios. Por tanto, pretende ser de valor para los profesores de ciencias y la comunidad investigadora en educación científica interesadas en la inclusión de la perspectiva de género en la enseñanza.

Copyright of Investigações em Ensino de Ciências is the property of Instituto de Fisica-UFRGS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This longitudinal study examines young adult mental health (MH) trajectories after exposure to natural disasters (i.e., hurricanes, wildfires, mudslides) across four waves, two pre- and two during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants (n = 205) answered questions about anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSSs) across Waves (Ws) s 1–4 and pre-pandemic factors (prior trauma history, disaster exposure, life stressors since disaster) at Wave (W) 1. Hierarchical linear modeling was conducted to examine MH trajectories and associations with pre-pandemic factors. Only the PTSS trajectory significantly differed across all Ws, with the largest increase between Ws 2 and 3 (pre- and during-pandemic time points). Prior trauma history and life stressors since the disaster were significantly associated with all MH trajectory intercepts but not growth rates.

Silk sericin (SS)–based hydrogels show promise for wound healing due to their biocompatibility, moisture regulation, and cell proliferation properties. However, there is still a need to develop green crosslinking methods to obtain non-toxic, absorbent, and mechanically strong SS hydrogels. This study investigated the effects of three green crosslinking methods, annealing treatment (T), exposure to an absolute ethanol vapor atmosphere (V.E), and water vapor (V.A), on the physicochemical and mechanical properties of SS and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) biohydrogels. X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy were used to determine chemical structures. Thermal properties and morphological changes were studied through thermogravimetric analysis and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The water absorption capacity, mass loss, sericin release in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and compressive strength were also evaluated. The results showed that physical crosslinking methods induced different structural transitions in the biohydrogels, impacting their mechanical properties. In particular, V.A hydrogen presented the highest compressive strength at 80% deformation owing to its compact and porous structure with crystallization and bonding sites. Moreover, both the V.A and T hydrogels exhibited improved absorption capacity, stability, and slow SS release in PBS. These results demonstrate the potential of green physical crosslinking techniques for producing SS/PVA biomaterials for wound healing applications.

The use of fertilizers coated with insoluble organic compounds is a promising approach for enhancing fertilizer efficiency and crop yield. Silk sericin (SS) is a protein with a high potential for the development of materials oriented toward fertilizer coating and soil amendment because of its biodegradability and the fact that it represents an important source of nitrogen for plants. Thus, this study proposes the design and evaluation of a novel SS-based multilayer coating for fertilizer granules. A pan-coating process was applied to form two distinct layers on the granules: an inner layer made of silk sericin/polyvinyl alcohol, SS/PVA (50/50 w/w), which has low solubility and porosity, and an outer hydrogel layer of SS/PVA with carboxymethyl cellulose CMC (SS/CMC/PVA 45/25/30 w/w/w). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed for the morphological characterization of the coated fertilizer (CF), examining both the cross-section and surface, while SEM with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) was used to analyze the chemical composition of the surface. The ability of the coating to reduce the nutrient-release rate was studied using water- and soil-release tests. Furthermore, its performance was evaluated in in vivo assays using jalapeño bell pepper (Capsicum annum) plants. The results revealed that the structure and composition of the multilayer coating significantly influenced its ability to delay nutrient release in both water and soil. Moreover, the inclusion of SS in the coating potentially contributed to the increased nitrogen content in the soil, thereby improving plant growth rates.