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6,336 results on '"Oliveira, A."'

1. A search for the anomalous events detected by ANITA using the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author: The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Halim, A. Abdul, Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Allekotte, I., Cheminant, K. Almeida, Almela, A., Aloisio, R., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Yebra, J. Ammerman, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Apollonio, L., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Arnone, E., Velázquez, J. C. Arteaga, Assis, P., Avila, G., Avocone, E., Bakalova, A., Barbato, F., Mocellin, A. Bartz, Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bhatta, G., Bianciotto, M., Biermann, P. L., Binet, V., Bismark, K., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Blümer, J., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Brack, J., Orchera, P. G. Brichetto, Briechle, F. L., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Büsken, M., Bwembya, A., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Cabana-Freire, S., Caccianiga, L., Campuzano, F., Caracas, I. A., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Cermenati, A., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Conte, M., Convenga, F., Santos, D. Correia dos, Costa, P. J., Covault, C. E., Cristinziani, M., Sanchez, C. S. Cruz, Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Palma, F., de Souza, V., de Errico, B. P. de Souza, De Vito, E., Del Popolo, A., Deligny, O., Denner, N., Deval, L., di Matteo, A., Dobre, M., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Mendes, L. M. Domingues, Dorosti, Q., Anjos, J. C. dos, Anjos, R. C. dos, Ebr, J., Ellwanger, F., Emam, M., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Etchegoyen, A., Evoli, C., Falcke, H., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fernandes, A., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fitoussi, T., Flaggs, B., Fodran, T., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Gaudu, C., Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, J. M., González, N., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Gülzow, L., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Jilek, V., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kampert, K. -H., Keilhauer, B., Khakurdikar, A., Covilakam, V. V. Kizakke, Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Knapp, F., Köhler, J., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lema-Capeans, Y., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Lopes, L., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Majercakova, M., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Mantsch, P., Mariani, F. M., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinelli, S., Bravo, O. Martínez, Martins, M. A., Mastrodicasa, M., Mathes, H. -J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mayotte, S., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Meinert, J., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merx, C., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morejon, L., Morello, C., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Namasaka, W. M., Negi, S., Nellen, L., Nguyen, K., Nicora, G., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A., Núñez, L. A., Oliveira, C., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Panja, S., Parente, G., Paulsen, T., Pawlowsky, J., Pech, M., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Pereira, L. A. S., Martins, E. E. Pereira, Armand, J. Perez, Bertolli, C. Pérez, Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Petrucci, C., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Shahvar, M. Pourmohammad, Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Akim, J. V. Reginatto, Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rodriguez, E., Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Rossoni, S., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saftoiu, A., Saharan, M., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schoorlemmer, H., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schulte, J., Schulz, T., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Sedoski, A., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shivashankara, S. U., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Simkova, K., Simon, F., Smau, R., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Strähnz, S., Straub, M., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Svozilikova, Z., Szadkowski, Z., Tairli, F., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Torrès, Z., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Tueros, M., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yue, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., Prechelt, R., Romero-Wolf, A., Wissel, S., and Zeolla, A.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: A dedicated search for upward-going air showers at zenith angles exceeding $110^\circ$ and energies $E>0.1$ EeV has been performed using the Fluorescence Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The search is motivated by two "anomalous" radio pulses observed by the ANITA flights I and III which appear inconsistent with the Standard Model of particle physics. Using simulations of both regular cosmic ray showers and upward-going events, a selection procedure has been defined to separate potential upward-going candidate events and the corresponding exposure has been calculated in the energy range [0.1-33] EeV. One event has been found in the search period between 1 Jan 2004 and 31 Dec 2018, consistent with an expected background of $0.27 \pm 0.12$ events from mis-reconstructed cosmic ray showers. This translates to an upper bound on the integral flux of $(7.2 \pm 0.2) \times 10^{-21}$ cm$^{-2}$ sr$^{-1}$ y$^{-1}$ and $(3.6 \pm 0.2) \times 10^{-20}$ cm$^{-2}$ sr$^{-1}$ y$^{-1}$ for an $E^{-1}$ and $E^{-2}$ spectrum, respectively. An upward-going flux of showers normalized to the ANITA observations is shown to predict over 34 events for an $E^{-3}$ spectrum and over 8.1 events for a conservative $E^{-5}$ spectrum, in strong disagreement with the interpretation of the anomalous events as upward-going showers., Comment: 10+5 Pages of Manuscript plus Supplemental Material, 3+8 figures, Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
Published: 2025

2. Search for a diffuse flux of photons with energies above tens of PeV at the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author: The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Halim, A. Abdul, Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Allekotte, I., Cheminant, K. Almeida, Almela, A., Aloisio, R., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Ambrosone, A., Yebra, J. Ammerman, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Dourado, L. Andrade, Andringa, S., Apollonio, L., Aramo, C., Arnone, E., Velázquez, J. C. Arteaga, Assis, P., Avila, G., Avocone, E., Bakalova, A., Barbato, F., Mocellin, A. Bartz, Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bianciotto, M., Biermann, P. L., Binet, V., Bismark, K., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Blümer, J., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Brack, J., Orchera, P. G. Brichetto, Briechle, F. L., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Büsken, M., Bwembya, A., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Cabana-Freire, S., Caccianiga, L., Campuzano, F., Caraça-Valente, J., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Čermáková, B., Cermenati, A., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Conte, M., Convenga, F., Santos, D. Correia dos, Costa, P. J., Covault, C. E., Cristinziani, M., Sanchez, C. S. Cruz, Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., de Almeida, R. M., de Boone, E. -T., de Errico, B., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Palma, F., de Souza, V., De Vito, E., Del Popolo, A., Deligny, O., Denner, N., Deval, L., di Matteo, A., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Mendes, L. M. Domingues, Dorosti, Q., Anjos, J. C. dos, Anjos, R. C. dos, Ebr, J., Ellwanger, F., Emam, M., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Etchegoyen, A., Evoli, C., Falcke, H., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fehler, T., Feldbusch, F., Fernandes, A., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filip, P., Filipčič, A., Fitoussi, T., Flaggs, B., Fodran, T., Freitas, M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., García, B., Gaudu, C., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, J. M., González, N., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Gülzow, L., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Jilek, V., Kampert, K. -H., Keilhauer, B., Khakurdikar, A., Covilakam, V. V. Kizakke, Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Köhler, J., Krieger, F., Kubatova, M., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lema-Capeans, Y., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Lopes, L., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Mallamaci, M., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Mantsch, P., Mariani, F. M., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinelli, S., Martins, M. A., Mathes, H. -J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mayotte, S., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Meinert, J., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merx, C., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mogarkar, M., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morejon, L., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Namasaka, W. M., Negi, S., Nellen, L., Nguyen, K., Nicora, G., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novikov, A., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A., Núñez, L. A., Ochoa, J., Oliveira, C., Östman, L., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Panja, S., Parente, G., Paulsen, T., Pawlowsky, J., Pech, M., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Pelgrims, V., Pereira, L. A. S., Martins, E. E. Pereira, Bertolli, C. Pérez, Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Petrucci, C., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Platino, M., Pont, B., Shahvar, M. Pourmohammad, Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Pytel, K., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Akim, J. V. Reginatto, Reuzki, A., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., Rodriguez, E., Fernandez, G. Rodriguez, Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Rossoni, S., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Saftoiu, A., Saharan, M., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Sampathkumar, P., Martin, N. San, Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sato, R., Savina, P., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schoorlemmer, H., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schulte, J., Schulz, T., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Sedoski, A., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shivashankara, S. U., Sigl, G., Simkova, K., Simon, F., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Strähnz, S., Straub, M., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Svozilikova, Z., Szadkowski, Z., Tairli, F., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Tueros, M., Unger, M., Uzeiroska, R., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Vaiman, I., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., Vašíčková, V., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verpoest, S., Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Vuta, J. B., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weindl, A., Weitz, M., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yue, B., Yushkov, A., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., and Zavrtanik, M.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: Diffuse photons of energy above 0.1 PeV, produced through the interactions between cosmic rays and either interstellar matter or background radiation fields, are powerful tracers of the distribution of cosmic rays in the Galaxy. Furthermore, the measurement of a diffuse photon flux would be an important probe to test models of super-heavy dark matter decaying into gamma-rays. In this work, we search for a diffuse photon flux in the energy range between 50 PeV and 200 PeV using data from the Pierre Auger Observatory. For the first time, we combine the air-shower measurements from a 2 km$^2$ surface array consisting of 19 water-Cherenkov surface detectors, spaced at 433 m, with the muon measurements from an array of buried scintillators placed in the same area. Using 15 months of data, collected while the array was still under construction, we derive upper limits to the integral photon flux ranging from 13.3 to 13.8 km$^{-2}$ sr$^{-1}$ yr$^{-1}$ above tens of PeV. We extend the Pierre Auger Observatory photon search program towards lower energies, covering more than three decades of cosmic-ray energy. This work lays the foundation for future diffuse photon searches: with the data from the next 10 years of operation of the Observatory, this limit is expected to improve by a factor of $\sim$20., Comment: Submitted to JCAP
Published: 2025

3. The Southern Photometrical Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS): searching for metal-poor dwarf galaxies

Author: Grossi, M., Gonçalves, D. R., Krabbe, A. C., Soto, L. A. Gutiérrez, Telles, E., Ribeiro, L. S., Gonçalves, T. Signorini, Lopes, A. R., Castelli, A. V. Smith, De Rossi, M. E., Lima-Dias, C., Limberg, G., Lopes, C. E. Ferreira, Hernandez-Jimenez, J. A., Humire, P. K., Santos, A. L. Chies, Lomelí-Nuñez, L., Torres-Flores, S., Herpich, F. R., Schwarz, G. B. Oliveira, Kanaan, A., de Oliveira, C. Mendes, Ribeiro, T., and Schoenell, W.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract: The metal content of a galaxy's interstellar medium reflects the interplay between different evolutionary processes such as feedback from massive stars and the accretion of gas from the intergalactic medium. Despite the expected abundance of low-luminosity galaxies, the low-mass and low-metallicity regime remains relatively understudied. Since the properties of their interstellar medium resemble those of early galaxies, identifying such objects in the Local Universe is crucial to understand the early stages of galaxy evolution. We used the DR3 catalog of the Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS) to select low-metallicity dwarf galaxy candidates based on color selection criteria typical of metal-poor, star-forming, low-mass systems. The final sample contains approximately 50 candidates. Spectral energy distribution fitting of the 12 S-PLUS bands reveals that $\sim$ 90\% of the candidates are best fit by models with very low stellar metallicities. We obtained long-slit observations with the Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph to follow-up a pilot sample and confirm whether these galaxies have low metallicities. We find oxygen abundances in the range $7.35<$ 12 + log(O/H) $< 7.93$ (5\% to 17\% of the solar value), confirming their metal-poor nature. Most targets are outliers in the mass-metallicity relation, i.e. they display a low metal content relative to their observed stellar masses. In some cases, perturbed optical morphologies might give evidence of dwarf-dwarf interactions or mergers. These results suggest that the low oxygen abundances may be associated with an external event causing the accretion of metal-poor gas, which dilutes the oxygen abundance in these systems., Comment: 23 pages, 13 figures, submitted to ApJ
Published: 2025

4. The S-PLUS 12-band photometry as a powerful tool for discovery and classification: ten cataclysmic variables in a proof-of-concept study

Author: de Oliveira, Raimundo Lopes, de Araujo, Amanda S., Krabbe, Angela C., de Oliveira, Claudia L. Mendes, Mukai, Koji, Gutierrez-Soto, Luis A., Kanaan, Antonio, Eleuterio, Romualdo, Fernandes, Marcelo Borges, Quispe-Huaynasi, Fredi, Schoenell, William, and Ribeiro, Tiago
Subjects: Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: Multi-band photometric surveys provide a straightforward way to discover and classify astrophysical objects systematically, enabling the study of a large number of targets at relatively low cost. Here we introduce an alternative approach to select Accreting White Dwarf (AWD) candidates following their spectral energy distribution, entirely supported by the twelve photometric bands of the Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS). The method was validated with optical spectroscopic follow-up with the Gemini South telescope which unambiguously established ten systems as cataclysmic variables (CVs), alongside Swift X-ray observations of four of them. Among the ten CVs presented here are those that may be low-luminosity intermediate polars or WZ Sge-type dwarf novae with rare outbursts, two subclasses that can be easily missed in time-domain and X-ray surveys, the two methods currently dominating the discovery of new CVs. Our approach based on S-PLUS provides an important, complementary tool to uncover the total population of CVs and the complete set of its subclasses, which is an important step towards a full understanding of close binary evolution, including the origin of magnetic fields in white dwarfs and the physics of accretion. Finally, we highlight the potential of S-PLUS beyond AWDs, serving other surveys in the characterization of their sources., Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJL
Published: 2025

5. Mapping H$\alpha$-Excess Candidate Point Sources in the Southern Hemisphere Using S-PLUS Data

Author: Gutiérrez-Soto, L. A., de Oliveira, R. Lopes, Akras, S., Gonçalves, D. R., Lomelí-Núñez, L. F., de Oliveira, C. Mendes, Telles, E., Alvarez-Candal, A., Fernandes, M. Borges, Daflon, S., Lopes, C. E. Ferreira, Grossi, M., Hazarika, D., Humire, P. K., Lima-Dias, C., Lopes, A. R., Castellón, J. L. Nilo, Panda, S., Kanaan, A., Ribeiro, T., and Schoenell, W.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract: Context. We use the Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS) Fourth Data Release (DR4) to identify and classify H$\alpha$-excess point sources in the Southern Sky, combining photometric data from 12 S-PLUS filters with machine learning to improve classification of H$\alpha$-related phenomena. Aims. Our goal is to classify H$\alpha$-excess point sources by distinguishing Galactic and extragalactic objects, particularly those with redshifted emission lines, and identifying variability phenomena like RR Lyrae stars. Methods. We selected H$\alpha$-excess candidates using the ($r - J0660$) vs. ($r - i$) colour-colour diagram from the S-PLUS main survey (MS) and Galactic Disk Survey (GDS). UMAP for dimensionality reduction and HDBSCAN clustering were used to separate source types. Infrared data was incorporated, and a Random Forest model was trained on clustering results to identify key colour features. New colour-colour diagrams from S-PLUS MS and infrared data offer a preliminary classification. Results. Combining multiwavelength data with machine learning significantly improved H$\alpha$-excess source classification. We identified 6956 sources with excess in the $J0660$ filter. Cross-matching with SIMBAD explored object types, including emission-line stars, young stellar objects, nebulae, stellar binaries, cataclysmic variables, QSOs, AGNs, and galaxies. Using S-PLUS colours and machine learning, we separated RR Lyrae stars from other sources. The separation of Galactic and extragalactic sources was clearer, but distinguishing cataclysmic variables from QSOs at certain redshifts remained challenging. Infrared data refined the classification, and the Random Forest model highlighted key colour features for future follow-up spectroscopy., Comment: 23 pages, 20 figures, 3 tables, accepted to be published in A&A
Published: 2025

6. Humanity's Last Exam

Author: Phan, Long, Gatti, Alice, Han, Ziwen, Li, Nathaniel, Hu, Josephina, Zhang, Hugh, Zhang, Chen Bo Calvin, Shaaban, Mohamed, Ling, John, Shi, Sean, Choi, Michael, Agrawal, Anish, Chopra, Arnav, Khoja, Adam, Kim, Ryan, Ren, Richard, Hausenloy, Jason, Zhang, Oliver, Mazeika, Mantas, Nguyen, Tung, Anderson, Daron, Shah, Imad Ali, Doroshenko, Mikhail, Stokes, Alun Cennyth, Mahmood, Mobeen, Lee, Jaeho, Pokutnyi, Oleksandr, Iskra, Oleg, Wang, Jessica P., Gerbicz, Robert, Levin, John-Clark, Popov, Serguei, Feng, Fiona, Feng, Steven Y., Zhao, Haoran, Yu, Michael, Gangal, Varun, Zou, Chelsea, Wang, Zihan, Kazakov, Mstyslav, Galgon, Geoff, Schmitt, Johannes, Sanchez, Alvaro, Lee, Yongki, Yeadon, Will, Sauers, Scott, Roth, Marc, Agu, Chidozie, Riis, Søren, Giska, Fabian, Utpala, Saiteja, Cheatom, Antrell, Giboney, Zachary, Goshu, Gashaw M., Crowson, Sarah-Jane, Naiya, Mohinder Maheshbhai, Burns, Noah, Finke, Lennart, Cheng, Zerui, Park, Hyunwoo, Fournier-Facio, Francesco, Zampese, Jennifer, Wydallis, John B., Hoerr, Ryan G., Nandor, Mark, Gehrunger, Tim, Cai, Jiaqi, McCarty, Ben, Nam, Jungbae, Taylor, Edwin, Jin, Jun, Loume, Gautier Abou, Cao, Hangrui, Garretson, Alexis C, Sileo, Damien, Ren, Qiuyu, Cojoc, Doru, Arkhipov, Pavel, Qazi, Usman, Bacho, Aras, Li, Lianghui, Motwani, Sumeet, de Witt, Christian Schroeder, Kopylov, Alexei, Veith, Johannes, Singer, Eric, Rissone, Paolo, Jin, Jaehyeok, Shi, Jack Wei Lun, Willcocks, Chris G., Prabhu, Ameya, Tang, Longke, Zhou, Kevin, Santos, Emily de Oliveira, Maksimov, Andrey Pupasov, Vendrow, Edward, Zenitani, Kengo, Robinson, Joshua, Mikov, Aleksandar, Guillod, Julien, Li, Yuqi, Pageler, Ben, Vendrow, Joshua, Kuchkin, Vladyslav, Marion, Pierre, Efremov, Denis, Lynch, Jayson, Liang, Kaiqu, Gritsevskiy, Andrew, Martinez, Dakotah, Crispino, Nick, Zvonkine, Dimitri, Fraga, Natanael Wildner, Soori, Saeed, Press, Ori, Tang, Henry, Salazar, Julian, Green, Sean R., Brüssel, Lina, Twayana, Moon, Dieuleveut, Aymeric, Rogers, T. Ryan, Zhang, Wenjin, Finocchio, Ross, Li, Bikun, Yang, Jinzhou, Rao, Arun, Loiseau, Gabriel, Kalinin, Mikhail, Lukas, Marco, Manolescu, Ciprian, Stambaugh, Nate, Mishra, Subrata, Kamdoum, Ariel Ghislain Kemogne, Hogg, Tad, Jin, Alvin, Bosio, Carlo, Sun, Gongbo, Coppola, Brian P, Heidinger, Haline, Sayous, Rafael, Ivanov, Stefan, Cavanagh, Joseph M, Shen, Jiawei, Imperial, Joseph Marvin, Schwaller, Philippe, Senthilkuma, Shaipranesh, Bran, Andres M, Algaba, Andres, Verbeken, Brecht, Houte, Kelsey Van den, Van Der Sypt, Lynn, Noever, David, Schut, Lisa, Sucholutsky, Ilia, Zheltonozhskii, Evgenii, Yuan, Qiaochu, Lim, Derek, Stanley, Richard, Sivarajan, Shankar, Yang, Tong, Maar, John, Wykowski, Julian, Oller, Martí, Sandlin, Jennifer, Sahu, Anmol, Ardito, Cesare Giulio, Hu, Yuzheng, Dias, Felipe Meneguitti, Kreiman, Tobias, Rawal, Kaivalya, Vilchis, Tobias Garcia, Zu, Yuexuan, Lackner, Martin, Koppel, James, Nguyen, Jeremy, Antonenko, Daniil S., Chern, Steffi, Zhao, Bingchen, Arsene, Pierrot, Ivanov, Sergey, Poświata, Rafał, Wang, Chenguang, Li, Daofeng, Crisostomi, Donato, Dehghan, Ali, Achilleos, Andrea, Ambay, John Arnold, Myklebust, Benjamin, Sen, Archan, Perrella, David, Kaparov, Nurdin, Inlow, Mark H, Zang, Allen, Ramakrishnan, Kalyan, Orel, Daniil, Poritski, Vladislav, Ben-David, Shalev, Berger, Zachary, Whitfill, Parker, Foster, Michael, Munro, Daniel, Ho, Linh, Hava, Dan Bar, Kuchkin, Aleksey, Lauff, Robert, Holmes, David, Sommerhage, Frank, Zhang, Anji, Moat, Richard, Schneider, Keith, Pyda, Daniel, Kazibwe, Zakayo, Singh, Mukhwinder, Clarke, Don, Kim, Dae Hyun, Fish, Sara, Elser, Veit, Vilchis, Victor Efren Guadarrama, Klose, Immo, Demian, Christoph, Anantheswaran, Ujjwala, Zweiger, Adam, Albani, Guglielmo, Li, Jeffery, Daans, Nicolas, Radionov, Maksim, Rozhoň, Václav, Ginis, Vincent, Ma, Ziqiao, Stump, Christian, Platnick, Jacob, Nevirkovets, Volodymyr, Basler, Luke, Piccardo, Marco, Cohen, Niv, Singh, Virendra, Tkadlec, Josef, Rosu, Paul, Goldfarb, Alan, Padlewski, Piotr, Barzowski, Stanislaw, Montgomery, Kyle, Menezes, Aline, Patel, Arkil, Wang, Zixuan, Tucker-Foltz, Jamie, Stade, Jack, Grabb, Declan, Goertzen, Tom, Kazemi, Fereshteh, Milbauer, Jeremiah, Shukla, Abhishek, Elgnainy, Hossam, Labrador, Yan Carlos Leyva, He, Hao, Zhang, Ling, Givré, Alan, Wolff, Hew, Demir, Gözdenur, Aziz, Muhammad Fayez, Kaddar, Younesse, Ängquist, Ivar, Chen, Yanxu, Thornley, Elliott, Zhang, Robin, Pan, Jiayi, Terpin, Antonio, Muennighoff, Niklas, Schoelkopf, Hailey, Zheng, Eric, Carmi, Avishy, Shah, Jainam, Brown, Ethan D. L., Zhu, Kelin, Bartolo, Max, Wheeler, Richard, Ho, Andrew, Barkan, Shaul, Wang, Jiaqi, Stehberger, Martin, Kretov, Egor, Bradshaw, Peter, Heimonen, JP, Sridhar, Kaustubh, Hossain, Zaki, Akov, Ido, Makarychev, Yury, Tam, Joanna, Hoang, Hieu, Cunningham, David M., Goryachev, Vladimir, Patramanis, Demosthenes, Krause, Michael, Redenti, Andrew, Aldous, David, Lai, Jesyin, Coleman, Shannon, Xu, Jiangnan, Lee, Sangwon, Magoulas, Ilias, Zhao, Sandy, Tang, Ning, Cohen, Michael K., Carroll, Micah, Paradise, Orr, Kirchner, Jan Hendrik, Steinerberger, Stefan, Ovchynnikov, Maksym, Matos, Jason O., Shenoy, Adithya, Wang, Michael, Nie, Yuzhou, Giordano, Paolo, Petersen, Philipp, Sztyber-Betley, Anna, Faraboschi, Paolo, Riblet, Robin, Crozier, Jonathan, Halasyamani, Shiv, Pinto, Antonella, Verma, Shreyas, Joshi, Prashant, Meril, Eli, Yong, Zheng-Xin, Tee, Allison, Andréoletti, Jérémy, Weller, Orion, Singhal, Raghav, Zhang, Gang, Ivanov, Alexander, Khoury, Seri, Gustafsson, Nils, Mostaghimi, Hamid, Thaman, Kunvar, Chen, Qijia, Khánh, Tran Quoc, Loader, Jacob, Cavalleri, Stefano, Szlyk, Hannah, Brown, Zachary, Narayan, Himanshu, Roberts, Jonathan, Alley, William, Sun, Kunyang, Stendall, Ryan, Lamparth, Max, Reuel, Anka, Wang, Ting, Xu, Hanmeng, Hernández-Cámara, Pablo, Martin, Freddie, Preu, Thomas, Korbak, Tomek, Abramovitch, Marcus, Williamson, Dominic, Bosio, Ida, Chen, Ziye, Bálint, Biró, Lo, Eve J. Y., Nunes, Maria Inês S., Jiang, Yibo, Bari, M Saiful, Kassani, Peyman, Wang, Zihao, Ansarinejad, Behzad, Sun, Yewen, Durand, Stephane, Douville, Guillaume, Tordera, Daniel, Balabanian, George, Anderson, Earth, Kvistad, Lynna, Moyano, Alejandro José, Milliron, Hsiaoyun, Sakor, Ahmad, Eron, Murat, McAlister, Isaac C., O., Andrew Favre D., Shah, Shailesh, Zhou, Xiaoxiang, Kamalov, Firuz, Clark, Ronald, Abdoli, Sherwin, Santens, Tim, Wang, Harrison K, Chen, Evan, Tomasiello, Alessandro, De Luca, G. Bruno, Looi, Shi-Zhuo, Le, Vinh-Kha, Kolt, Noam, Mündler, Niels, Semler, Avi, Rodman, Emma, Drori, Jacob, Fossum, Carl J, Gloor, Luk, Jagota, Milind, Pradeep, Ronak, Fan, Honglu, Shah, Tej, Eicher, Jonathan, Chen, Michael, Thaman, Kushal, Merrill, William, Firsching, Moritz, Harris, Carter, Ciobâcă, Stefan, Gross, Jason, Pandey, Rohan, Gusev, Ilya, Jones, Adam, Agnihotri, Shashank, Zhelnov, Pavel, Usawasutsakorn, Siranut, Mofayezi, Mohammadreza, Piperski, Alexander, Carauleanu, Marc, Zhang, David K., Dobarskyi, Kostiantyn, Ler, Dylan, Leventov, Roman, Soroko, Ignat, Jansen, Thorben, Creighton, Scott, Lauer, Pascal, Duersch, Joshua, Taamazyan, Vage, Bezzi, Dario, Morak, Wiktor, Ma, Wenjie, Held, William, Huy, Tran Đuc, Xian, Ruicheng, Zebaze, Armel Randy, Mohamed, Mohanad, Leser, Julian Noah, Yuan, Michelle X, Yacar, Laila, Lengler, Johannes, Olszewska, Katarzyna, Shahrtash, Hossein, Oliveira, Edson, Jackson, Joseph W., Gonzalez, Daniel Espinosa, Zou, Andy, Chidambaram, Muthu, Manik, Timothy, Haffenden, Hector, Stander, Dashiell, Dasouqi, Ali, Shen, Alexander, Duc, Emilien, Golshani, Bita, Stap, David, Uzhou, Mikalai, Zhidkovskaya, Alina Borisovna, Lewark, Lukas, Rodriguez, Miguel Orbegozo, Vincze, Mátyás, Wehr, Dustin, Tang, Colin, Phillips, Shaun, Samuele, Fortuna, Muzhen, Jiang, Ekström, Fredrik, Hammon, Angela, Patel, Oam, Farhidi, Faraz, Medley, George, Mohammadzadeh, Forough, Peñaflor, Madellene, Kassahun, Haile, Friedrich, Alena, Sparrow, Claire, Perez, Rayner Hernandez, Sakal, Taom, Dhamane, Omkar, Mirabadi, Ali Khajegili, Hallman, Eric, Okutsu, Kenchi, Battaglia, Mike, Maghsoudimehrabani, Mohammad, Amit, Alon, Hulbert, Dave, Pereira, Roberto, Weber, Simon, Handoko, Peristyy, Anton, Malina, Stephen, Albanie, Samuel, Cai, Will, Mehkary, Mustafa, Aly, Rami, Reidegeld, Frank, Dick, Anna-Katharina, Friday, Cary, Sidhu, Jasdeep, Shapourian, Hassan, Kim, Wanyoung, Costa, Mariana, Gurdogan, Hubeyb, Weber, Brian, Kumar, Harsh, Jiang, Tong, Agarwal, Arunim, Ceconello, Chiara, Vaz, Warren S., Zhuang, Chao, Park, Haon, Tawfeek, Andrew R., Aggarwal, Daattavya, Kirchhof, Michael, Dai, Linjie, Kim, Evan, Ferret, Johan, Wang, Yuzhou, Yan, Minghao, Burdzy, Krzysztof, Zhang, Lixin, Franca, Antonio, Pham, Diana T., Loh, Kang Yong, Jackson, Abram, Gul, Shreen, Chhablani, Gunjan, Du, Zhehang, Cosma, Adrian, Colino, Jesus, White, Colin, Votava, Jacob, Vinnikov, Vladimir, Delaney, Ethan, Spelda, Petr, Stritecky, Vit, Shahid, Syed M., Mourrat, Jean-Christophe, Vetoshkin, Lavr, Sponselee, Koen, Bacho, Renas, de la Rosa, Florencia, Li, Xiuyu, Malod, Guillaume, Lang, Leon, Laurendeau, Julien, Kazakov, Dmitry, Adesanya, Fatimah, Portier, Julien, Hollom, Lawrence, Souza, Victor, Zhou, Yuchen Anna, Degorre, Julien, Yalın, Yiğit, Obikoya, Gbenga Daniel, Arnaboldi, Luca, Rai, Bigi, Filippo, Boscá, M. C., Shumar, Oleg, Bacho, Kaniuar, Clavier, Pierre, Recchia, Gabriel, Popescu, Mara, Shulga, Nikita, Tanwie, Ngefor Mildred, Peskoff, Denis, Lux, Thomas C. H., Rank, Ben, Ni, Colin, Brooks, Matthew, Yakimchyk, Alesia, Huanxu, Liu, Häggström, Olle, Verkama, Emil, Gundlach, Hans, Brito-Santana, Leonor, Amaro, Brian, Vajipey, Vivek, Grover, Rynaa, Fan, Yiyang, Silva, Gabriel Poesia Reis e, Xin, Linwei, Kratish, Yosi, Łucki, Jakub, Li, Wen-Ding, Gopi, Sivakanth, Caciolai, Andrea, Xu, Justin, Scaria, Kevin Joseph, Vargus, Freddie, Habibi, Farzad, Long, Lian, Rodolà, Emanuele, Robins, Jules, Cheng, Vincent, Fruhauff, Tony, Raynor, Brad, Qi, Hao, Jiang, Xi, Segev, Ben, Fan, Jingxuan, Martinson, Sarah, Wang, Erik Y., Hausknecht, Kaylie, Brenner, Michael P., Mao, Mao, Zhang, Xinyu, Avagian, David, Scipio, Eshawn Jessica, Ragoler, Alon, Tan, Justin, Sims, Blake, Plecnik, Rebeka, Kirtland, Aaron, Bodur, Omer Faruk, Shinde, D. P., Adoul, Zahra, Zekry, Mohamed, Karakoc, Ali, Santos, Tania C. B., Shamseldeen, Samir, Karim, Loukmane, Liakhovitskaia, Anna, Resman, Nate, Farina, Nicholas, Gonzalez, Juan Carlos, Maayan, Gabe, Hoback, Sarah, Pena, Rodrigo De Oliveira, Sherman, Glen, Kelley, Elizabeth, Mariji, Hodjat, Pouriamanesh, Rasoul, Wu, Wentao, Mendoza, Sandra, Alarab, Ismail, Cole, Joshua, Ferreira, Danyelle, Johnson, Bryan, Safdari, Mohammad, Dai, Liangti, Arthornthurasuk, Siriphan, Pronin, Alexey, Fan, Jing, Ramirez-Trinidad, Angel, Cartwright, Ashley, Pottmaier, Daphiny, Taheri, Omid, Outevsky, David, Stepanic, Stanley, Perry, Samuel, Askew, Luke, Rodríguez, Raúl Adrián Huerta, Minissi, Ali M. R., Ali, Sam, Lorena, Ricardo, Iyer, Krishnamurthy, Fasiludeen, Arshad Anil, Salauddin, Sk Md, Islam, Murat, Gonzalez, Juan, Ducey, Josh, Somrak, Maja, Mavroudis, Vasilios, Vergo, Eric, Qin, Juehang, Borbás, Benjámin, Chu, Eric, Lindsey, Jack, Radhakrishnan, Anil, Jallon, Antoine, McInnis, I. M. J., Kumar, Pawan, Goswami, Laxman Prasad, Bugas, Daniel, Heydari, Nasser, Jeanplong, Ferenc, Apronti, Archimedes, Galal, Abdallah, Ze-An, Ng, Singh, Ankit, Xavier, Joan of Arc, Agarwal, Kanu Priya, Berkani, Mohammed, Junior, Benedito Alves de Oliveira, Malishev, Dmitry, Remy, Nicolas, Hartman, Taylor D., Tarver, Tim, Mensah, Stephen, Gimenez, Javier, Montecillo, Roselynn Grace, Campbell, Russell, Sharma, Asankhaya, Meer, Khalida, Alapont, Xavier, Patil, Deepakkumar, Maheshwari, Rajat, Dendane, Abdelkader, Shukla, Priti, Bogdanov, Sergei, Möller, Sören, Siddiqi, Muhammad Rehan, Saxena, Prajvi, Gupta, Himanshu, Enyekwe, Innocent, P V, Ragavendran, EL-Wasif, Zienab, Maksapetyan, Aleksandr, Rossbach, Vivien, Harjadi, Chris, Bahaloohoreh, Mohsen, Bian, Song, Lai, John, Uro, Justine Leon, Bateman, Greg, Sayed, Mohamed, Menshawy, Ahmed, Duclosel, Darling, Jain, Yashaswini, Aaron, Ashley, Tiryakioglu, Murat, Siddh, Sheeshram, Krenek, Keith, Hoover, Alex, McGowan, Joseph, Patwardhan, Tejal, Yue, Summer, Wang, Alexandr, and Hendrycks, Dan
Subjects: Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Computation and Language
Abstract: Benchmarks are important tools for tracking the rapid advancements in large language model (LLM) capabilities. However, benchmarks are not keeping pace in difficulty: LLMs now achieve over 90\% accuracy on popular benchmarks like MMLU, limiting informed measurement of state-of-the-art LLM capabilities. In response, we introduce Humanity's Last Exam (HLE), a multi-modal benchmark at the frontier of human knowledge, designed to be the final closed-ended academic benchmark of its kind with broad subject coverage. HLE consists of 2,700 questions across dozens of subjects, including mathematics, humanities, and the natural sciences. HLE is developed globally by subject-matter experts and consists of multiple-choice and short-answer questions suitable for automated grading. Each question has a known solution that is unambiguous and easily verifiable, but cannot be quickly answered via internet retrieval. State-of-the-art LLMs demonstrate low accuracy and calibration on HLE, highlighting a significant gap between current LLM capabilities and the expert human frontier on closed-ended academic questions. To inform research and policymaking upon a clear understanding of model capabilities, we publicly release HLE at https://lastexam.ai., Comment: 27 pages, 6 figures
Published: 2025

7. Heuristics based on Adjacency Graph Packing for DCJ Distance Considering Intergenic Regions

Author: Siqueira, Gabriel, Alexandrino, Alexsandro Oliveira, Oliveira, Andre Rodrigues, and Dias, Zanoni
Subjects: Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods
Abstract: In this work, we explore heuristics for the Adjacency Graph Packing problem, which can be applied to the Double Cut and Join (DCJ) Distance Problem. The DCJ is a rearrangement operation and the distance problem considering it is a well established method for genome comparison. Our heuristics will use the structure called adjacency graph adapted to include information about intergenic regions, multiple copies of genes in the genomes, and multiple circular or linear chromosomes. The only required property from the genomes is that it must be possible to turn one into the other with DCJ operations. We propose one greedy heuristic and one heuristic based on Genetic Algorithms. Our experimental tests in artificial genomes show that the use of heuristics is capable of finding good results that are superior to a simpler random strategy., Comment: This work was presented at the XVII Brazilian Symposium on Bioinformatics (BSB'2024)
Published: 2025
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8. Cognition, physical function and life purpose in the rural elderly population: A systematic reviewpopulation: A systematic review

Author: Campos, Hercules Lazaro Morais, De Leon, Elisa Brosina, de Souza, Ingred Merllin Batista, Quialheiro, Anna, and de Oliveira, Elizabete Regina Araujo
Published: 2025

9. Formation mechanism, stability and role of zinc and sulfur vacancies on the electronic properties and optical response of ZnS

Author: de Oliveira, P. R. A, Lima, L., Felix, G., Venezuela, P., and Stavale, F.
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract: Combining experimental and theoretical tools, we report that Zn vacanciesplay an important role in the electronic and optical responses of ZnS sphalerite. The defective surface of ZnS (001) single crystal prepared in ultra-highvacuum conditions, has been shown to exhibit a semiconducting character instead of the insulating properties of the pristine structure, as revealed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Interestingly, this effect is attributed to the formation of zinc vacancies in the ZnS system, which also alter the optical response of the material, as supported by photoluminescence (PL) measurements comparing pristine and S-rich (Zn-poor) ZnS. To address these findings from a theoretical point of view, first principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) were performed. The optical properties of cation-defective ZnS were evaluated using random-phase approximation and hybrid functional DFT calculations. These calculations revealed absorption peaks in the visible range in the defective ZnS rather than solely in the ultra-violet range obtained for defect-free ZnS. The combination of this finding with joint density of states (JDOS) analysis explains the emergence of new luminescence peaks observed in the PL spectra of cation-defective ZnS. These findings highlight the role of Zn vacancies in tuning ZnS optical properties, making it a potential candidate for optoelectronic applications such as LEDs and photodetectors., Comment: 6 Figures. Supporting information available upon request
Published: 2025

10. Learning-based Model Predictive Control for Passenger-Oriented Train Rescheduling with Flexible Train Composition

Author: Liu, Xiaoyu, da Silva, Caio Fabio Oliveira, Dabiri, Azita, Wang, Yihui, and De Schutter, Bart
Subjects: Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control
Abstract: This paper focuses on passenger-oriented real-time train rescheduling, considering flexible train composition and rolling stock circulation, by integrating learning-based and optimization-based approaches. A learning-based model predictive control (MPC) approach is developed for real-time train rescheduling with flexible train composition and rolling stock circulation to address time-varying passenger demands. In the proposed approach, first, the values of the integer variables are obtained by pre-trained long short-term memory (LSTM) networks; next, they are fixed and the values of continuous variables are determined via nonlinear constrained optimization. The learning-based MPC approach enables us to jointly consider efficiency and constraint satisfaction by combining learning-based and optimization-based approaches. In order to reduce the number of integer variables, four presolve techniques are developed to prune a subset of integer decision variables. Numerical simulations based on real-life data from the Beijing urban rail transit system are conducted to illustrate the effectiveness of the developed learning-based MPC approach., Comment: 14 pages, 14 figures, submitted to IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
Published: 2025

11. A Lyapunov function for a Synchronisation diffeomorphism of three clocks

Author: Buescu, Jorge, D'Aniello, Emma, and Oliveira, Henrique M.
Subjects: Mathematics - Dynamical Systems
Abstract: Lyapunov functions are essential tools in dynamical systems, as they allow the stability analysis of equilibrium points without the need to explicitly solve the system's equations. Despite their importance, no systematic method exists for constructing Lyapunov functions. In a previous paper, we examined a diffeomorphism arising from the problem of Huygens Synchronisation for three identical limit cycle clocks arranged in a line, proving that the system possesses a unique asymptotically stable fixed point on the torus T2, corresponding to synchronisation in phase opposition. In this paper, we re-derive this result by constructing a discrete Lyapunov function for the system. The closure of the basin of attraction of the asymptotically stable attractor is the torus T2, showing that Huygens Synchronisation exhibits generic and robust behaviour, occurring with probability one with respect to initial conditions., Comment: 26 pages, 7 figures
Published: 2025

12. A note on defining positive definite functions

Author: Godoy, Lucas da Cunha, Prates, Marcos Oliveira, and Quintana, Fernando Andrés
Subjects: Statistics - Methodology
Abstract: A fundamental requirement in spatial statistics is that covariance functions are positive definite. While many positive definite functions are known for Euclidean spaces, their positive definiteness may not extend to non-Euclidean spaces. We present sufficient conditions to derive valid positive definite functions for spatial statistics on non-Euclidean geometries. Our approach leverages overlooked results due to Schoenberg (1938) to establish conditions under which covariance functions that are valid on Euclidean spaces remain valid on the domain of interest. This approach provides a more accessible and direct framework for spatial statisticians with diverse backgrounds.
Published: 2025

13. Where are the marathon Girls?: An Analysis of Female Representation in the Brazilian ICPC Programming Marathons

Author: Irion, Crishna, Theodoro, Luiz Claudio, Silva, Flavio de Oliveira, and Pereira, Joao Henrique de Souza
Subjects: Computer Science - Computers and Society
Abstract: Education motivated the encouragement of female participation in several areas of science and technology. Programming marathons have grown over the years and are events where programmers compete to solve coding challenges. However, despite scientific evidence that there is no intellectual difference between genders, women's participation is relatively low. This work seeks to understand the reason for this adherence, considering the gender issue in Programming Marathons over the last years, in a real context. This work aims to understand the context of female representativeness in which the intellectual aspects do not differ in gender. Still, there is a considerable discrepancy in female belonging., Comment: 9 pages
Published: 2025
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14. GroundCap: A Visually Grounded Image Captioning Dataset

Author: Oliveira, Daniel A. P., Teodoro, Lourenço, and de Matos, David Martins
Subjects: Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Computation and Language, I.2.10, I.2.7
Abstract: Current image captioning systems lack the ability to link descriptive text to specific visual elements, making their outputs difficult to verify. While recent approaches offer some grounding capabilities, they cannot track object identities across multiple references or ground both actions and objects simultaneously. We propose a novel ID-based grounding system that enables consistent object reference tracking and action-object linking, and present GroundCap, a dataset containing 52,016 images from 77 movies, with 344 human-annotated and 52,016 automatically generated captions. Each caption is grounded on detected objects (132 classes) and actions (51 classes) using a tag system that maintains object identity while linking actions to the corresponding objects. Our approach features persistent object IDs for reference tracking, explicit action-object linking, and segmentation of background elements through K-means clustering. We propose gMETEOR, a metric combining caption quality with grounding accuracy, and establish baseline performance by fine-tuning Pixtral-12B. Human evaluation demonstrates our approach's effectiveness in producing verifiable descriptions with coherent object references., Comment: 37 pages
Published: 2025

15. Variable Read Disturbance: An Experimental Analysis of Temporal Variation in DRAM Read Disturbance

Author: Olgun, Ataberk, Bostanci, F. Nisa, Yuksel, Ismail Emir, Canpolat, Oguzhan, Luo, Haocong, Oliveira, Geraldo F., Yaglikci, A. Giray, Patel, Minesh, and Mutlu, Onur
Subjects: Computer Science - Hardware Architecture, Computer Science - Cryptography and Security
Abstract: Modern DRAM chips are subject to read disturbance errors. State-of-the-art read disturbance mitigations rely on accurate and exhaustive characterization of the read disturbance threshold (RDT) (e.g., the number of aggressor row activations needed to induce the first RowHammer or RowPress bitflip) of every DRAM row (of which there are millions or billions in a modern system) to prevent read disturbance bitflips securely and with low overhead. We experimentally demonstrate for the first time that the RDT of a DRAM row significantly and unpredictably changes over time. We call this new phenomenon variable read disturbance (VRD). Our experiments using 160 DDR4 chips and 4 HBM2 chips from three major manufacturers yield two key observations. First, it is very unlikely that relatively few RDT measurements can accurately identify the RDT of a DRAM row. The minimum RDT of a DRAM row appears after tens of thousands of measurements (e.g., up to 94,467), and the minimum RDT of a DRAM row is 3.5X smaller than the maximum RDT observed for that row. Second, the probability of accurately identifying a row's RDT with a relatively small number of measurements reduces with increasing chip density or smaller technology node size. Our empirical results have implications for the security guarantees of read disturbance mitigation techniques: if the RDT of a DRAM row is not identified accurately, these techniques can easily become insecure. We discuss and evaluate using a guardband for RDT and error-correcting codes for mitigating read disturbance bitflips in the presence of RDTs that change unpredictably over time. We conclude that a >10% guardband for the minimum observed RDT combined with SECDED or Chipkill-like SSC error-correcting codes could prevent read disturbance bitflips at the cost of large read disturbance mitigation performance overheads (e.g., 45% performance loss for an RDT guardband of 50%)., Comment: Extended version of our publication at the 31st IEEE International Symposium on High-Performance Computer Architecture (HPCA-31), 2025
Published: 2025

16. Selection Function of Clusters in Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Data from Cross-Matching with South Pole Telescope Detections

Author: Grandis, S., Costanzi, M., Mohr, J. J., Bleem, L. E., Wu, H. -Y., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Bocquet, S., Brooks, D., Rosell, A. Carnero, Carretero, J., da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. S., Davis, T. M., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Doel, P., Everett, S., Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gutierrez, G., Hinton, S. R., Hlacacek-Larrondo, J., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Klein, M., Marshall, J. L., Mena-Fernández, J., Miquel, R., Palmese, A., Malagón, A. A. Plazas, Reichardt, C. L., Romer, A. K., Samuroff, S., Cid, D. Sanchez, Sanchez, E., Santiago, B., Saro, A., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Sommer, M. W., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., To, C., Tucker, D. L., Weaverdyck, N., Weller, J., and Wiseman, P.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Galaxy clusters selected based on overdensities of galaxies in photometric surveys provide the largest cluster samples. Yet modeling the selection function of such samples is complicated by non-cluster members projected along the line of sight (projection effects) and the potential detection of unvirialized objects (contamination). We empirically constrain the magnitude of these effects by cross-matching galaxy clusters selected in the Dark Energy survey data with the \rdmpr$\,$ algorithm with significant detections in three South Pole Telescope surveys (SZ, pol-ECS, pol-500d). For matched clusters, we augment the \rdmpr$\,$catalog by the SPT detection significance. For unmatched objects we use the SPT detection threshold as an upper limit on the SZe signature. Using a Bayesian population model applied to the collected multi-wavelength data, we explore various physically motivated models to describe the relationship between observed richness and halo mass. Our analysis reveals the limitations of a simple lognormal scatter model in describing the data. We rule out significant contamination by unvirialized objects at the high-richness end of the sample. While dedicated simulations offer a well-fitting calibration of projection effects, our findings suggest the presence of redshift-dependent trends that these simulations may not have captured. Our findings highlight that modeling the selection function of optically detected clusters remains a complicated challenge, requiring a combination of simulation and data-driven approaches., Comment: 19 pages, 11 figures, submitted to A&A
Published: 2025

17. Local pump depletion based angular momentum gain of plasma electrons

Author: Willim, Camilla, Silva, Thales, Silva, Luís Oliveira, and Vieira, Jorge
Subjects: Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract: We present a novel mechanism in which plasma electrons optically acquire angular momentum through local pump depletion. This process is facilitated by an azimuthally polarized laser that lacks angular momentum, yet enables electron rotation through canonical momentum conservation. Through theoretical considerations and one- and three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, we demonstrate that the electrons acquire substantial angular momentum when the ultra-intense ($I \gtrsim 10^{19}$ W/cm$^2$) and ultra-short (tens of femtoseconds) laser pulse excites a nonlinear wakefield in the bubble regime. During this process, the frequency at the laser's leading edge shifts down due to phase modulation. Following the conservation of the wave action, the laser's vector potential develops a long-wavelength offset that trails the main pulse and remains confined within the plasma bubble. This offset facilitates electron rotation of the bubble's sheath currents and the high-energy ($>100$ MeV) self-injected electrons. As the laser pulse front erodes, the long-wavelength offset of the vector potential increases and oscillates, influencing both the magnitude and polarity of the electrons' angular momentum. By varying key laser parameters such as phase, frequency, and polarization, we show how to manipulate and control the transverse momentum space of high-energy electrons., Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Journal of Plasma Physics
Published: 2025

18. The Change of Variable Formula Integrals, do they have equal value?

Author: de Oliveira, Oswaldo Rio Branco
Subjects: Mathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEs, 26A06, 26A42
Abstract: Assuming that the two integrals in the Change of Variable Formula for the unidimensional Riemann integral are finite, one can ask if they have equal value. We give an answer to this question. The proof is very easy to follow and to keep in mind. Two examples are given., Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures
Published: 2025

19. Chronus: Understanding and Securing the Cutting-Edge Industry Solutions to DRAM Read Disturbance

Author: Canpolat, Oğuzhan, Yağlıkçı, A. Giray, Oliveira, Geraldo F., Olgun, Ataberk, Bostancı, Nisa, Yüksel, İsmail Emir, Luo, Haocong, Ergin, Oğuz, and Mutlu, Onur
Subjects: Computer Science - Cryptography and Security, Computer Science - Hardware Architecture
Abstract: We 1) present the first rigorous security, performance, energy, and cost analyses of the state-of-the-art on-DRAM-die read disturbance mitigation method, Per Row Activation Counting (PRAC) and 2) propose Chronus, a new mechanism that addresses PRAC's two major weaknesses. Our analysis shows that PRAC's system performance overhead on benign applications is non-negligible for modern DRAM chips and prohibitively large for future DRAM chips that are more vulnerable to read disturbance. We identify two weaknesses of PRAC that cause these overheads. First, PRAC increases critical DRAM access latency parameters due to the additional time required to increment activation counters. Second, PRAC performs a constant number of preventive refreshes at a time, making it vulnerable to an adversarial access pattern, known as the wave attack, and consequently requiring it to be configured for significantly smaller activation thresholds. To address PRAC's two weaknesses, we propose a new on-DRAM-die RowHammer mitigation mechanism, Chronus. Chronus 1) updates row activation counters concurrently while serving accesses by separating counters from the data and 2) prevents the wave attack by dynamically controlling the number of preventive refreshes performed. Our performance analysis shows that Chronus's system performance overhead is near-zero for modern DRAM chips and very low for future DRAM chips. Chronus outperforms three variants of PRAC and three other state-of-the-art read disturbance solutions. We discuss Chronus's and PRAC's implications for future systems and foreshadow future research directions. To aid future research, we open-source our Chronus implementation at https://github.com/CMU-SAFARI/Chronus., Comment: To appear in HPCA'25. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2406.19094
Published: 2025

20. Mamute: high-performance computing for geophysical methods

Author: Fernandes, João B., Oliveira, Antônio D. S., Silva, Mateus C. A. T., Santos-da-Silva, Felipe H., Rodrigues, Vitor H. M., Schneider, Kleiton A., Bianchini, Calebe P., de Araujo, João M., Barros, Tiago, Assis, Ítalo A. S., and Xavier-de-Souza, Samuel
Subjects: Computer Science - Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science
Abstract: Due to their high computational cost, geophysical applications are typically designed to run in large computing systems. Because of that, such applications must implement several high-performance techniques to use the computational resources better. In this paper, we present Mamute, a software that delivers wave equation-based geophysical methods. Mamute implements two geophysical methods: seismic modeling and full waveform inversion (FWI). It also supports high-performance strategies such as fault tolerance, automatic parallel looping scheduling, and distributed systems workload balancing. We demonstrate Mamute's operation using both seismic modeling and FWI. Mamute is a C++ software readily available under the MIT license., Comment: 24 pages, 6 figures, Journal
Published: 2025

21. InfoQuest: Evaluating Multi-Turn Dialogue Agents for Open-Ended Conversations with Hidden Context

Author: de Oliveira, Bryan L. M., Martins, Luana G. B., Brandão, Bruno, and Melo, Luckeciano C.
Subjects: Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract: While large language models excel at following explicit instructions, they often struggle with ambiguous or incomplete user requests, defaulting to verbose, generic responses rather than seeking clarification. We introduce InfoQuest, a multi-turn chat benchmark designed to evaluate how dialogue agents handle hidden context in open-ended user requests. The benchmark presents intentionally ambiguous scenarios that require models to engage in information-seeking dialogue through clarifying questions before providing appropriate responses. Our evaluation of both open and closed-source models reveals that while proprietary models generally perform better, all current assistants struggle with effectively gathering critical information, often requiring multiple turns to infer user intent and frequently defaulting to generic responses without proper clarification. We provide a systematic methodology for generating diverse scenarios and evaluating models' information-seeking capabilities, offering insights into the current limitations of language models in handling ambiguous requests through multi-turn interactions.
Published: 2025

22. Connecting Earth and Moon via the L1 Lagrangian point

Author: Almeida Jr, A. K. de, de Oliveira, V. M., Vaillant, T., Maia, D., Correia, A. C. M., Barbosa, D., and Santos, L. T. B.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: The renewed global interest in lunar exploration requires new orbital strategies to ensure flight safety which can benefit extended lunar missions and service a plethora of planned instruments in the lunar orbit and surface. We investigate here the equivalent fuel consumption cost to transfer from (to) a given orbit and enter (leave) at any point of an invariant manifold associated with a Lyapunov orbit around the Earth-Moon $L_1$ Lagrangian point using bi-impulsive maneuvers. Whereas solving this type of transfer is generally computationally expensive, we simulate here tens of millions of transfers orbits, for different times of flight, Jacobi constants and spatial location on the manifold. We are able to reduce computational cost by taking advantage of the efficient procedure given by the Theory of Functional Connections for solving boundary value problems, represented with special constraints created to the purposes of this work. We develop here the methodology for constructing these transfers, and apply it to find a low-cost transfer from an orbit around the Earth to a stable manifold and another low-cost transfer from an unstable manifold to an orbit around the Moon. In the end, we obtain an innovative Earth-to-Moon transfer that involves a gravity assist maneuver with the Moon and allows a long stationed stage at the Lyapunov orbit around $L_1$ which can be used for designing multi-purpose missions for extended periods of time with low fuel costs. This is paramount to optimize new exploration concepts.
Published: 2025

23. Time-dependent approach to the X-ray photoemission problem

Author: Picoli, F. D., Diniz, G., Lenzarini, M. P., D'Amico, I., and Oliveira, L. N.
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract: X-ray photoemission from simple metals has been thoroughly studied, experimentally, and theoretically, in the frequency domain. Here we investigate the same problem in the time domain, with the ultimate purpose of improving the numerical renormalization-group method. We focus our study on the time dependence of the photoemission current $\mathcal{F}(t)$, a fidelity, in the terminology of quantum information. To establish benchmarks, we first calculate $\mathcal{F}(t)$ analytically and numerically for a tight-binding model. Analytically, we derive an approximate expression that becomes very precise at large times. Numerically, we diagonalize the tight-binding Hamiltonian and compute $\mathcal{F}(t)$ from its eigenvalues and eigenvectors, a straightforward procedure that covers the segment of the $t$ axis in which the analytical expression is less accurate. The time dependence shows features of physical interest that have received little attention because they are inconspicuous in the frequency domain; the analytical expression provides a simple interpretation and traces them to an unusual form of interference. We then turn to eNRG, a recently proposed real-space variant that is more flexible than Wilson's NRG method, and present two complementary time-dependent algorithms. Comparison with the benchmarks shows that one of the eNRG algorithms yields virtually exact photocurrents with a small fraction of the computational effort to diagonalize the tight-binding Hamiltonian. The second algorithm is computationally less demanding and produces precise results at long times. In contemplation of extensions to correlated-impurity models, we identify sources of deviation and discuss the virtues and drawbacks of the two procedures.
Published: 2025

24. Tracking Adiabaticity in Non-Equilibrium Many-Body Systems: The Hard Case of the X-ray Photoemission in Metals

Author: Diniz, G., Picoli, F. D., Oliveira, L. N., and D'Amico, I.
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract: The level of adiabaticity determines many properties of time-dependent quantum systems. However, a reliable and easy-to-apply criterion to check and track it remains an open question, especially for complex many-body systems. Here we test techniques based on metrics which have been recently proposed to quantitatively characterize and track adiabaticity. We investigate the time evolution of x-ray photoemission in metals, which displays a strongly out-of-equilibrium character, continuum energy spectrum, and experiences the Anderson orthogonality catastrophe: a nightmarish scenario for this type of test. Our results show that the metrics-based methods remains valid. In particular, we demonstrate that the natural local density distance is able not only to track adiabaticity, but also to provide information not captured by the corresponding Bures' or trace distances about the system's dynamics. In the process, we establish an explicit upper limit for this local density distance in terms of the trace distance, and derive a simple analytical solution that accurately describes the time evolution of a Fermi gas with a localized scattering potential for a large range of parameters. We also demonstrate that, for x-ray photoemission, the quantum adiabatic criterion, as commonly used, fails to predict and track adiabaticity. The local particle density is typically much simpler to compute than the corresponding quantum state and it is experimentally measurable: this makes the method tested extremely appealing.
Published: 2025

25. Global attractivity criteria for a discrete-time Hopfield neural network model with unbounded delays via singular M-matrices

Author: Oliveira, José J. and Teixeira, Ana Sofia
Subjects: Mathematics - Dynamical Systems, 39A12, 39A30, 39A60, 92B20
Abstract: In this work, we establish two global attractivity criteria for a multidimensional discrete-time non-autonomous Hopfield neural network model with infinite delays and delays in the leakage terms. The first criterion, which applies when the activation functions are bounded, is based on M-matrices that are not necessarily invertible. The second criterion, relevant for unbounded activation functions, requires that a related singular M-matrix be irreducible. We contrast our findings with existing results in the literature and present numerical simulations to illustrate the efficacy of the proposed criteria.
Published: 2025

26. First measurement of 87Rb({\alpha}, xn) cross sections at weak r-process energies in supernova {\nu}-driven ejecta to investigate elemental abundances in low-metallicity stars

Author: Fougères, C., Avila, M. L., Psaltis, A., Anastasiou, M., Bae, S., Balliet, L., Bhatt, K., Dienis, L., Jayatissa, H., Karayonchev, V., Mohr, P., Montes, F., Neto, D., Santos, F. de Oliveira, Ong, W. -J., Rehm, K. E., Reviol, W., Santiago-Gonzalez, D., Sensharma, N., Sidhu, R. S., and Tolstukhin, I. A.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Observed abundances of Z ~ 40 elements in metal-poor stars vary from star to star, indicating that the rapid and slow neutron capture processes may not contribute alone to the synthesis of elements beyond iron. The weak r-process was proposed to produce Z ~ 40 elements in a subset of old stars. Thought to occur in the {\nu}-driven ejecta of a core-collapse supernova, ({\alpha}, xn) reactions would drive the nuclear flow toward heavier masses at T = 2-5 GK. However, current comparisons between modelled and observed yields do not bring satisfactory insights into the stellar environment, mainly due to the uncertainties of the nuclear physics inputs where the dispersion in a given reaction rate often exceeds one order of magnitude. Involved rates are calculated with the statistical model where the choice of an {\alpha}-optical-model potential ({\alpha}OMP) leads to such a poor precision. The first experiment on 87Rb({\alpha}, xn) reactions at weak r-process energies is reported here. Total inclusive cross sections were assessed at Ec.m. = 8.1 - 13 MeV (3.7 - 7.6 GK) with the active target MUlti-Sampling Ionization Chamber (MUSIC). With a N = 50 seed nucleus, the measured values agree with statistical model estimates using the {\alpha}OMP Atomki-V2. A re-evaluated reaction rate was incorporated into new nucleosynthesis calculations, focusing on {\nu}-driven ejecta conditions known to be sensitive to this specific rate. These conditions were found to fail to reproduce the lighter-heavy element abundances in metal-poor stars., Comment: 15 pages, 7 figures. Preprint version before peer review or editing, as submitted to Astrophysical Journal
Published: 2025

27. Exceptionally High Nonlinear Optical Response in Two-dimensional Type II Dirac Semimetal Nickel di-Telluride (NiTe2)

Author: Goswami, Saswata, de Oliveira, Caique Campos, Ipaves, Bruno, Mahapatra, Preeti Lata, Pal, Varinder, Sarkar, Suman, Autreto, Pedro A. S., Ray, Samit K., and Tiwary, Chandra Sekhar
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract: Nickel ditelluride (NiTe2) is a newly identified Type-II Dirac semimetal, showing novel characteristics in electronic transport and optical experiments. In this study, we explored the nonlinear optical properties of two-dimensional NiTe2 using experimental and computational techniques (density functional theory-based approach). Few layered two-dimensional NiTe2 (2D-NiTe2) are synthesized using liquid phase exfoliation (LPE), which is characterized using X-ray diffraction technique, transmission electron, and atomic force microscopy. The nonlinear refractive index and third-order nonlinear susceptibility of the prepared 2D-NiTe2 are determined from the self-induced diffraction pattern generated using different wavelengths ( 405, 532, and 650 nm) in the far field. In addition, the diffraction pattern generated by spatial self-phase modulation (SSPM) is further verified by varying concentration (2D-NiTe2 in the IPA solvent), wavelength (of incoming laser beams), and cuvette width (active path length). The high value of third-order nonlinear susceptibility (in order of 10-9 e.s.u.) determined using SSPM in the 2D-NiTe2 can be attributed to the laser-induced hole coherence effect. Lastly, utilizing the reverse saturable absorption property of 2D-hBN, asymmetric light propagation is also demonstrated in the 2D-NiTe2/2D-hBN heterostructure., Comment: 56 pages, 19 figures
Published: 2025

28. Gravitational wave lensing: probing Fuzzy Dark Matter with LISA

Author: Singh, Shashwat, de Oliveira, Guilherme Brando, Savastano, Stefano, and Zumalacárregui, Miguel
Subjects: Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract: Gravitational lensing is a universal phenomenon: it affects both gravitational waves (GWs) and electromagnetic signals travelling through the gravitational field of a massive object. In this work, we explore the prospects of observing lensed GW signals from the mergers of massive black holes, lensed by dark matter halos composed of Fuzzy Dark Matter (FDM), which form dense cores known as solitons. We focus on wave optics phenomena, where frequency-dependent signatures can be observed in the weak lensing regime (i.e. single-image). Our results show that lensing diffraction signatures differ for low-mass halos in FDM, and can reveal the presence of a solitonic core. Furthermore, we demonstrate that FDM and cold dark matter profiles can be distinguished in GW signals from binary massive black hole mergers, which will be observed by the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) mission. However, the dense solitonic core does not substantially enhance the detectability of FDM halos at large source-lens offsets, relative to standard cold dark matter. Our analysis confirms FDM halos as a promising signature of dark matter on GW observations, Comment: 22 pages, 7 figures
Published: 2025

29. Angular analysis of $B^0\rightarrow K^{*0}e^{+}e^{-}$ decays

Author: LHCb collaboration, Aaij, R., Abdelmotteleb, A. S. W., Beteta, C. Abellan, Abudinén, F., Ackernley, T., Adefisoye, A. A., Adeva, B., Adinolfi, M., Adlarson, P., Agapopoulou, C., Aidala, C. A., Ajaltouni, Z., Akar, S., Akiba, K., Albicocco, P., Albrecht, J., Alessio, F., Alexander, M., Aliouche, Z., Cartelle, P. Alvarez, Amalric, R., Amato, S., Amey, J. L., Amhis, Y., An, L., Anderlini, L., Andersson, M., Andreianov, A., Andreola, P., Andreotti, M., Andreou, D., Anelli, A., Ao, D., Archilli, F., Argenton, M., Cuendis, S. Arguedas, Artamonov, A., Artuso, M., Aslanides, E., Da Silva, R. Ataíde, Atzeni, M., Audurier, B., Bacher, D., Perea, I. Bachiller, Bachmann, S., Bachmayer, M., Back, J. J., Rodriguez, P. Baladron, Balagura, V., Baldini, W., Balzani, L., Bao, H., Leite, J. Baptista de Souza, Pretel, C. Barbero, Barbetti, M., Barbosa, I. R., Barlow, R. J., Barnyakov, M., Barsuk, S., Barter, W., Bartolini, M., Bartz, J., Basels, J. M., Bashir, S., Bassi, G., Batsukh, B., Battista, P. B., Bay, A., Beck, A., Becker, M., Bedeschi, F., Bediaga, I. B., Behling, N. A., Belin, S., Bellee, V., Belous, K., Belov, I., Belyaev, I., Benane, G., Bencivenni, G., Ben-Haim, E., Berezhnoy, A., Bernet, R., Andres, S. Bernet, Bertolin, A., Betancourt, C., Betti, F., Bex, J., Bezshyiko, Ia., Bhom, J., Bieker, M. S., Biesuz, N. V., Billoir, P., Biolchini, A., Birch, M., Bishop, F. C. R., Bitadze, A., Bizzeti, A., Blake, T., Blanc, F., Blank, J. E., Blusk, S., Bocharnikov, V., Boelhauve, J. A., Garcia, O. Boente, Boettcher, T., Bohare, A., Boldyrev, A., Bolognani, C. S., Bolzonella, R., Bondar, N., Bordelius, A., Borgato, F., Borghi, S., Borsato, M., Borsuk, J. T., Bouchiba, S. A., Bovill, M., Bowcock, T. J. V., Boyer, A., Bozzi, C., Rodriguez, A. Brea, Breer, N., Brodzicka, J., Gonzalo, A. Brossa, Brown, J., Brundu, D., Buchanan, E., Buonaura, A., Buonincontri, L., Burke, A. T., Burr, C., Butter, J. S., Buytaert, J., Byczynski, W., Cadeddu, S., Cai, H., Caillet, A., Calabrese, R., Ramirez, S. Calderon, Calefice, L., Cali, S., Calvi, M., Gomez, M. Calvo, Magalhaes, P. Camargo, Bouzas, J. I. Cambon, Campana, P., Perez, D. H. Campora, Quezada, A. F. Campoverde, Capelli, S., Capriotti, L., Caravaca-Mora, R., Carbone, A., Salgado, L. Carcedo, Cardinale, R., Cardini, A., Carniti, P., Carus, L., Vidal, A. Casais, Caspary, R., Casse, G., Godinez, J. Castro, Cattaneo, M., Cavallero, G., Cavallini, V., Celani, S., Cervenkov, D., Cesare, S., Chadwick, A. J., Chahrour, I., Charles, M., Charpentier, Ph., Chatzianagnostou, E., Chefdeville, M., Chen, C., Chen, S., Chen, Z., Chernov, A., Chernyshenko, S., Chiotopoulos, X., Chobanova, V., Cholak, S., Chrzaszcz, M., Chubykin, A., Chulikov, V., Ciambrone, P., Vidal, X. Cid, Ciezarek, G., Cifra, P., Clarke, P. E. L., Clemencic, M., Cliff, H. V., Closier, J., Toapaxi, C. Cocha, Coco, V., Cogan, J., Cogneras, E., Cojocariu, L., Collins, P., Colombo, T., Colonna, M., Comerma-Montells, A., Congedo, L., Contu, A., Cooke, N., Corredoira, I., Correia, A., Corti, G., Meldrum, J. Cottee, Couturier, B., Craik, D. C., Torres, M. Cruz, Rivera, E. Curras, Currie, R., Da Silva, C. L., Dadabaev, S., Dai, L., Dai, X., Dall'Occo, E., Dalseno, J., D'Ambrosio, C., Daniel, J., Danilina, A., d'Argent, P., Davidson, A., Davies, J. E., Davis, A., Francisco, O. De Aguiar, De Angelis, C., De Benedetti, F., de Boer, J., De Bruyn, K., De Capua, S., De Cian, M., Da Graca, U. De Freitas Carneiro, De Lucia, E., De Miranda, J. M., De Paula, L., De Serio, M., De Simone, P., De Vellis, F., de Vries, J. A., Debernardis, F., Decamp, D., Dedu, V., Dekkers, S., Del Buono, L., Delaney, B., Dembinski, H. -P., Deng, J., Denysenko, V., Deschamps, O., Dettori, F., Dey, B., Di Nezza, P., Diachkov, I., Didenko, S., Ding, S., Dittmann, L., Dobishuk, V., Docheva, A. D., Dong, C., Donohoe, A. M., Dordei, F., Reis, A. C. dos, Dowling, A. D., Duan, W., Duda, P., Dudek, M. W., Dufour, L., Duk, V., Durante, P., Duras, M. M., Durham, J. M., Durmus, O. D., Dziurda, A., Dzyuba, A., Easo, S., Eckstein, E., Egede, U., Egorychev, A., Egorychev, V., Eisenhardt, S., Ejopu, E., Eklund, L., Elashri, M., Ellbracht, J., Ely, S., Ene, A., Epple, E., Eschle, J., Esen, S., Evans, T., Fabiano, F., Falcao, L. N., Fan, Y., Fang, B., Fantini, L., Faria, M., Farmer, K., Fazzini, D., Felkowski, L., Feng, M., Feo, M., Casani, A. Fernandez, Gomez, M. Fernandez, Fernez, A. D., Ferrari, F., Rodrigues, F. Ferreira, Ferrillo, M., Ferro-Luzzi, M., Filippov, S., Fini, R. A., Fiorini, M., Fischer, K. L., Fitzgerald, D. S., Fitzpatrick, C., Fleuret, F., Fontana, M., Foreman, L. F., Forty, R., Foulds-Holt, D., Lima, V. Franco, Sevilla, M. Franco, Frank, M., Franzoso, E., Frau, G., Frei, C., Friday, D. A., Fu, J., Führing, Q., Fujii, Y., Fulghesu, T., Gabriel, E., Galati, G., Galati, M. D., Torreira, A. Gallas, Galli, D., Gambetta, S., Gandelman, M., Gandini, P., Ganie, B., Gao, H., Gao, R., Gao, T. Q., Gao, Y., Garau, M., Martin, L. M. Garcia, Moreno, P. Garcia, Pardiñas, J. García, Garg, K. G., Garrido, L., Gaspar, C., Geertsema, R. E., Gerken, L. L., Gersabeck, E., Gersabeck, M., Gershon, T., Ghizzo, S., Ghorbanimoghaddam, Z., Giambastiani, L., Giasemis, F. I., Gibson, V., Giemza, H. K., Gilman, A. L., Giovannetti, M., Gioventù, A., Girardey, L., Gironell, P. Gironella, Giugliano, C., Giza, M. A., Gkougkousis, E. L., Glaser, F. C., Gligorov, V. V., Göbel, C., Golobardes, E., Golubkov, D., Golutvin, A., Gomes, A., Fernandez, S. Gomez, Abrantes, F. Goncalves, Goncerz, M., Gong, G., Gooding, J. A., Gorelov, I. V., Gotti, C., Grabowski, J. P., Cardoso, L. A. Granado, Graugés, E., Graverini, E., Grazette, L., Graziani, G., Grecu, A. T., Greeven, L. M., Grieser, N. A., Grillo, L., Gromov, S., Gu, C., Guarise, M., Guerry, L., Guittiere, M., Guliaeva, V., Günther, P. A., Guseinov, A. -K., Gushchin, E., Guz, Y., Gys, T., Habermann, K., Hadavizadeh, T., Hadjivasiliou, C., Haefeli, G., Haen, C., Haimberger, J., Hajheidari, M., Hallett, G., Halvorsen, M. M., Hamilton, P. M., Hammerich, J., Han, Q., Han, X., Hansmann-Menzemer, S., Hao, L., Harnew, N., Hartmann, M., Hashmi, S., He, J., Hemmer, F., Henderson, C., Henderson, R. D. L., Hennequin, A. M., Hennessy, K., Henry, L., Herd, J., Gascon, P. Herrero, Heuel, J., Hicheur, A., Mendizabal, G. Hijano, Hill, D., Hollitt, S. E., Horswill, J., Hou, R., Hou, Y., Howarth, N., Hu, J., Hu, W., Hu, X., Huang, W., Hulsbergen, W., Hunter, R. J., Hushchyn, M., Hutchcroft, D., Ilin, D., Ilten, P., Inglessi, A., Iniukhin, A., Ishteev, A., Ivshin, K., Jacobsson, R., Jage, H., Elles, S. J. Jaimes, Jakobsen, S., Jans, E., Jashal, B. K., Jawahery, A., Jevtic, V., Jiang, E., Jiang, X., Jiang, Y., Jiang, Y. J., John, M., Rajan, A. John Rubesh, Johnson, D., Jones, C. R., Jones, T. P., Joshi, S., Jost, B., Castella, J. 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F., Marchevski, R., Marconi, U., Mariani, E., Mariani, S., Benito, C. Marin, Marks, J., Marshall, A. M., Martel, L., Martelli, G., Martellotti, G., Martinazzoli, L., Martinelli, M., Santos, D. Martinez, Vidal, F. Martinez, Massafferri, A., Matev, R., Mathad, A., Matiunin, V., Matteuzzi, C., Mattioli, K. R., Mauri, A., Maurice, E., Mauricio, J., Mayencourt, P., de Cos, J. Mazorra, Mazurek, M., McCann, M., Mcconnell, L., McGrath, T. H., McHugh, N. T., McNab, A., McNulty, R., Meadows, B., Meier, G., Melnychuk, D., Meng, F. M., Merk, M., Merli, A., Garcia, L. Meyer, Miao, D., Miao, H., Mikhasenko, M., Milanes, D. A., Minotti, A., Minucci, E., Miralles, T., Mitreska, B., Mitzel, D. S., Modak, A., Mohammed, R. A., Moise, R. D., Mokhnenko, S., Cardenas, E. F. Molina, Mombächer, T., Monk, M., Monteil, S., Gomez, A. Morcillo, Morello, G., Morello, M. J., Morgenthaler, M. P., Morris, A. B., Morris, A. G., Mountain, R., Mu, H., Mu, Z. M., Muhammad, E., Muheim, F., Mulder, M., Müller, K., Muñoz-Rojas, F., Murta, R., Naik, P., Nakada, T., Nandakumar, R., Nanut, T., Nasteva, I., Needham, M., Neri, N., Neubert, S., Neufeld, N., Neustroev, P., Nicolini, J., Nicotra, D., Niel, E. M., Nikitin, N., Niu, Q., Nogarolli, P., Nogga, P., Nolte, N. S., Normand, C., Fernandez, J. Novoa, Nowak, G., Nunez, C., Nur, H. N., Oblakowska-Mucha, A., Obraztsov, V., Oeser, T., Okamura, S., Okhotnikov, A., Okhrimenko, O., Oldeman, R., Oliva, F., Olocco, M., Onderwater, C. J. G., O'Neil, R. H., Osthues, D., Goicochea, J. M. Otalora, Owen, P., Oyanguren, A., Ozcelik, O., Paciolla, F., Padee, A., Padeken, K. O., Pagare, B., Pais, P. R., Pajero, T., Palano, A., Palutan, M., Panshin, G., Paolucci, L., Papanestis, A., Pappagallo, M., Pappalardo, L. L., Pappenheimer, C., Parkes, C., Passalacqua, B., Passaleva, G., Passaro, D., Pastore, A., Patel, M., Patoc, J., Patrignani, C., Paul, A., Pawley, C. J., Pellegrino, A., Peng, J., Altarelli, M. Pepe, Perazzini, S., Pereima, D., Da Costa, H. Pereira, Castro, A. Pereiro, Perret, P., Perro, A., Petridis, K., Petrolini, A., Pfaller, J. P., Pham, H., Pica, L., Piccini, M., Piccolo, L., Pietrzyk, B., Pietrzyk, G., Pinci, D., Pisani, F., Pizzichemi, M., Placinta, V., Casasus, M. Plo, Poeschl, T., Polci, F., Lener, M. Poli, Poluektov, A., Polukhina, N., Polyakov, I., Polycarpo, E., Ponce, S., Popov, D., Poslavskii, S., Prasanth, K., Prouve, C., Provenzano, D., Pugatch, V., Punzi, G., Qasim, S., Qian, Q. Q., Qian, W., Qin, N., Qu, S., Quagliani, R., Trejo, R. I. Rabadan, Rademacker, J. H., Rama, M., García, M. Ramírez, De Oliveira, V. Ramos, Pernas, M. Ramos, Rangel, M. S., Ratnikov, F., Raven, G., De Miguel, M. Rebollo, Redi, F., Reich, J., Reiss, F., Ren, Z., Resmi, P. K., Ribatti, R., Ricart, G., Riccardi, D., Ricciardi, S., Richardson, K., Richardson-Slipper, M., Rinnert, K., Robbe, P., Robertson, G., Rodrigues, E., Fernandez, E. Rodriguez, Lopez, J. A. Rodriguez, Rodriguez, E. Rodriguez, Roensch, J., Rogachev, A., Rogovskiy, A., Rolf, D. L., Roloff, P., Romanovskiy, V., Lamas, M. Romero, Vidal, A. Romero, Romolini, G., Ronchetti, F., Rong, T., Rotondo, M., Roy, S. R., Rudolph, M. S., Diaz, M. Ruiz, Fernandez, R. A. Ruiz, Vidal, J. Ruiz, Ryzhikov, A., Ryzka, J., Saavedra-Arias, J. J., Silva, J. J. Saborido, Sadek, R., Sagidova, N., Sahoo, D., Sahoo, N., Saitta, B., Salomoni, M., Sanderswood, I., Santacesaria, R., Rios, C. Santamarina, Santimaria, M., Santoro, L., Santovetti, E., Saputi, A., Saranin, D., Sarnatskiy, A., Sarpis, G., Sarpis, M., Satriano, C., Satta, A., Saur, M., Savrina, D., Sazak, H., Sborzacchi, F., Smead, L. G. Scantlebury, Scarabotto, A., Schael, S., Scherl, S., Schiller, M., Schindler, H., Schmelling, M., Schmidt, B., Schmitt, S., Schmitz, H., Schneider, O., Schopper, A., Schulte, N., Schulte, S., Schune, M. H., Schwemmer, R., Schwering, G., Sciascia, B., Sciuccati, A., Sellam, S., Semennikov, A., Senger, T., Soares, M. Senghi, Sergi, A., Serra, N., Sestini, L., Seuthe, A., Shang, Y., Shangase, D. M., Shapkin, M., Sharma, R. S., Shchemerov, I., Shchutska, L., Shears, T., Shekhtman, L., Shen, Z., Sheng, S., Shevchenko, V., Shi, B., Shi, Q., Shimizu, Y., Shmanin, E., Shorkin, R., Shupperd, J. D., Coutinho, R. Silva, Simi, G., Simone, S., Skidmore, N., Skwarnicki, T., Slater, M. W., Smallwood, J. C., Smith, E., Smith, K., Smith, M., Snoch, A., Lavra, L. Soares, Sokoloff, M. D., Soler, F. J. P., Solomin, A., Solovev, A., Solovyev, I., Song, R., Song, Y., Song, Y. S., De Almeida, F. L. Souza, De Paula, B. Souza, Norella, E. Spadaro, Spedicato, E., Speer, J. G., Spiridenkov, E., Spradlin, P., Sriskaran, V., Stagni, F., Stahl, M., Stahl, S., Stanislaus, S., Stein, E. N., Steinkamp, O., Stenyakin, O., Stevens, H., Strekalina, D., Su, Y., Suljik, F., Sun, J., Sun, L., Sun, Y., Sundfeld, D., Sutcliffe, W., Swallow, P. N., Swystun, F., Szabelski, A., Szumlak, T., Tan, Y., Tat, M. D., Terentev, A., Terzuoli, F., Teubert, F., Thomas, E., Thompson, D. J. D., Tilquin, H., Tisserand, V., T'Jampens, S., Tobin, M., Tomassetti, L., Tonani, G., Tong, X., Machado, D. Torres, Toscano, L., Tou, D. Y., Trippl, C., Tuci, G., Tuning, N., Uecker, L. H., Ukleja, A., Unverzagt, D. J., Ursov, E., Usachov, A., Ustyuzhanin, A., Uwer, U., Vagnoni, V., Cadenas, V. Valcarce, Valenti, G., Canudas, N. Valls, Van Hecke, H., van Herwijnen, E., Van Hulse, C. B., Van Laak, R., van Veghel, M., Vasquez, G., Gomez, R. Vazquez, Regueiro, P. Vazquez, Sierra, C. Vázquez, Vecchi, S., Velthuis, J. J., Veltri, M., Venkateswaran, A., Verdoglia, M., Vesterinen, M., Benet, D. Vico, Villalba, P. Vidrier, Diaz, M. Vieites, Vilasis-Cardona, X., Figueras, E. Vilella, Villa, A., Vincent, P., Volle, F. C., Bruch, D. vom, Voropaev, N., Vos, K., Vouters, G., Vrahas, C., Wagner, J., Walsh, J., Walton, E. J., Wan, G., Wang, C., Wang, G., Wang, H., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, N. W., Wang, R., Wang, X., Wang, X. W., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. W., Wang, Z., Ward, J. A., Waterlaat, M., Watson, N. K., Websdale, D., Wei, Y., Wendel, J., Westhenry, B. D. C., White, C., Whitehead, M., Whiter, E., Wiederhold, A. R., Wiedner, D., Wilkinson, G., Wilkinson, M. K., Williams, M., Williams, M. R. J., Williams, R., Williams, Z., Wilson, F. F., Wislicki, W., Witek, M., Witola, L., Wormser, G., Wotton, S. A., Wu, H., Wu, J., Wu, Y., Wu, Z., Wyllie, K., Xian, S., Xiang, Z., Xie, Y., Xu, A., Xu, J., Xu, L., Xu, M., Xu, Z., Yang, D., Yang, K., Yang, S., Yang, X., Yang, Y., Yang, Z., Yeroshenko, V., Yeung, H., Yin, H., Yin, X., Yu, C. Y., Yu, J., Yuan, X., Yuan, Y, Zaffaroni, E., Zavertyaev, M., Zdybal, M., Zenesini, F., Zeng, C., Zeng, M., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, S., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. Z., Zhao, Y., Zharkova, A., Zhelezov, A., Zheng, S. Z., Zheng, X. Z., Zheng, Y., Zhou, T., Zhou, X., Zhou, Y., Zhovkovska, V., Zhu, L. Z., Zhu, X., Zhukov, V., Zhuo, J., Zou, Q., Zuliani, D., and Zunica, G.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: An angular analysis of $B^0\rightarrow K^{*0}e^{+}e^{-}$ decays is presented using proton-proton collision data collected by the LHCb experiment at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8 and 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9 fb$^{-1}$. The analysis is performed in the region of the dilepton invariant mass squared of 1.1-6.0 GeV$^{2}/c^{4}$. In addition, a test of lepton flavour universality is performed by comparing the obtained angular observables with those measured in $B^0\rightarrow K^{*0}\mu^{+}\mu^{-}$ decays. In general, the angular observables are found to be consistent with the Standard Model expectations as well as with global analyses of other $b \rightarrow s \ell^{+} \ell^{-}$ processes, where $\ell$ is either a muon or an electron. No sign of lepton-flavour-violating effects is observed., Comment: All figures and tables, along with machine-readable versions and any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://lbfence.cern.ch/alcm/public/analysis/full-details/1628/ (LHCb public pages)
Published: 2025

30. Realizing Graphs with Cut Constraints

Author: Silva, Lucas de Oliveira, Chagas, Vítor Gomes, de Paula, Samuel Plaça, Quesquén, Greis Yvet Oropeza, and Souza, Uéverton dos Santos
Subjects: Computer Science - Computational Complexity
Abstract: Given a finite non-decreasing sequence $d=(d_1,\ldots,d_n)$ of natural numbers, the Graph Realization problem asks whether $d$ is a graphic sequence, i.e., there exists a labeled simple graph such that $(d_1,\ldots,d_n)$ is the degree sequence of this graph. Such a problem can be solved in polynomial time due to the Erd\H{o}s and Gallai characterization of graphic sequences. Since vertex degree is the size of a trivial edge cut, we consider a natural generalization of Graph Realization, where we are given a finite sequence $d=(d_1,\ldots,d_n)$ of natural numbers (representing the trivial edge cut sizes) and a list of nontrivial cut constraints $\mathcal{L}$ composed of pairs $(S_j,\ell_j)$ where $S_j\subset \{v_1,\ldots,v_n\}$, and $\ell_j$ is a natural number. In such a problem, we are asked whether there is a simple graph with vertex set $V=\{v_1,\ldots,v_n\}$ such that $v_i$ has degree $d_i$ and $\partial(S_j)$ is an edge cut of size $\ell_j$, for each $(S_j,\ell_j)\in \mathcal{L}$. We show that such a problem is polynomial-time solvable whenever each $S_j$ has size at most three. Conversely, assuming P $\neq$ NP, we prove that it cannot be solved in polynomial time when $\mathcal{L}$ contains pairs with sets of size four, and our hardness result holds even assuming that each $d_i$ of $d$ equals $1$.
Published: 2025

31. On a Class of Self-Similar Polycyclic Groups

Author: Dantas, A. C., de Melo, E., de Oliveira, R. N., and Sidki, S. N.
Subjects: Mathematics - Group Theory
Abstract: A group $G$ is self-similar if it admits a triple $(G,H,f)$ where $H$ is a subgroup of $G$ and $f: H \to G$ a simple homomorphism, that is, the only subgroup $K$ of $H$, normal in $G$ and $f$-invariant ($K^f \leq K$) is trivial. The group $G$ then has two chains of subgroups: \[ G_0 = G,\ H_0 = H,\ G_k = (H_{k-1})^f,\ H_k = H \cap G_{k}\ \text{for } (k \geq 1). \] We define a family of self-similar polycyclic groups, denoted $SSP$, where each subgroup $G_k$ is self-similar with respect to the triple $(G_k , H_k, f)$ for all $k$. By definition, a group $G$ belongs to this $SSP$ family provided $f: H \rightarrow G$ is a monomorphism, $H_k$ and $G_{k+1}$ are normal subgroups of index $p$ in $G_k$ ($p$ a prime or infinite) and $G_k=H_kG_{k+1}$. When $G$ is a finite $p$-group in the class $SSP$, we show that the above conditions follow simply from $[G:H] = p$ and $f$ is a simple monomorphism. We show that if the Hirsch length of $G$ is $n$, then $G$ has a polycyclic generating set $\{a_1, \ldots, a_n\}$ which is self-similar under the action of $f: a_1 \rightarrow a_2 \rightarrow \ldots \rightarrow a_n$, and then $G$ is either a finite $p$-group or is torsion-free. Surprisingly, the arithmetic of $n$ modulo $3$ has a strong impact on the structure of $G$. This fact allows us to prove that $G$ is nilpotent metabelian whose center is free $p$-abelian ($p$ prime or infinite) of rank at least $n/3$. We classify those groups $G$ where $H$ has nilpotency class at most $2$. Furthermore, when $p=2$, we prove that $G$ is a finite $2$-group of nilpotency class at most $2$, and classify all such groups.
Published: 2025

32. Diminished spin-flip reflectivity in stacked multilayers with varying period thicknesses of Fe/Si by incorporating 11B4C

Author: Zubayer, Anton, Ghafoor, Naureen, Devishvili, Anton, Vorobiev, Alexei, Glavic, Artur, Stahn, Jochen, Hanashima, Takayasu, Sugiyama, Jun, Lima, Vitor A. de Oliveira, Birch, Jens, and Eriksson, Fredrik
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract: This study investigates the effects of 11B4C co-sputtering on the structural and optical properties of Fe/Si stacked multilayers, with a focus on neutron supermirror applications. X-ray and neutron reflectivity techniques reveal that 11B4C incorporation improves interface sharpness, reduces roughness, and enhances reflectivity for all multilayer periods. Neutron reflectivity measurements show reduced spin-flip intensities, while wafer-curvature measurements indicate a 50% reduction in internal stress, allowing for higher mechanical stability of the multilayers. These improvements are attributed to the amorphization of Fe layers, which also suppress the formation of structural and magnetic domains responsible for stress and spin-flip scattering. In contrast, the pure Fe/Si sample exhibits a persistent half-order Bragg peak, indicating residual antiferromagnetic coupling. The results demonstrate that 11B4C enhances neutron optics by reducing spin-flip effects, increasing reflectivity and polarization, and alleviating stress, enabling the use of polarizers at reduced external fields compared to pure Fe/Si multilayers. These findings establish 11B4C as a transformative material for advancing neutron supermirror technology, paving the way for more efficient, stable, and high-performance polarizers in next-generation neutron optics.
Published: 2025

33. Anisotropic resonance energy transfer with strained phosphorene

Author: Oliveira-Cony, J., Farina, C., Abrantes, P. P., and Cysne, Tarik P.
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Physics - Optics, Quantum Physics
Abstract: We analyze the resonance energy transfer (RET) rate between quantum emitters (QEs) near a phosphorene/SiC interface under the effects of uniaxial strain. Using a low-energy tight-binding model, we describe the electronic structure of strained phosphorene in an experimentally feasible situation. Due to the anisotropic electronic structure of phosphorene, we demonstrate that the RET rate drastically depends on the direction in which the QEs are separated relative to the phosphorene lattice. More specifically, we obtain a large variation in the RET rate when the QEs are separated along the zigzag direction, in contrast to a rather small variation when separated along the armchair direction of phosphorene's crystalline structure. Furthermore, our results reveal that the RET rate can be highly modulated by uniaxial strain in phosphorene when considering emitters placed along the zigzag direction. Finally, by means of a simple toy model, we also show that this anisotropy in the RET rate is a general characteristic produced by anisotropic 2D materials.
Published: 2025

34. Hidden symmetries and the generic spectral setting of generalized laplacians on homogeneous spaces

Author: De Oliveira, Diego S. and Marrocos, Marcus A. M.
Subjects: Mathematics - Differential Geometry, 35J05, 22C05, 22E46, 53C35
Abstract: The purpose of this work is to establish the spectral setting of some generalized Laplace operators associated to a generic $G$-invariant metric on a compact homogeneous space $M=G/K$. We show that this generic spectral configuration depends on the $G$-isometries and on some certain hidden symmetries constructed in the adjacent structures of $M$ and of these operators., Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2501.18747
Published: 2025

35. High-aspect-ratio silica meta-optics for high-intensity structured light

Author: Oliveira, Beatriz, Claveria, Pablo San Miguel, Araujo, Pedro D. R., Estrela, Patricia, Gonçalves, Ines, Nunes, Maria Ines S., Meirinho, Rui, Fajardo, Marta, and Piccardo, Marco
Subjects: Physics - Optics
Abstract: Structured light and high-intensity ultrafast lasers are two rapidly advancing frontiers in photonics, yet their intersection remains largely unexplored. While ultrafast lasers continue to push the boundaries of peak intensities, structured light has enabled unprecedented control over light's spatial, temporal, and polarization properties. However, the lack of robust optical devices capable of bridging structured light with the high-intensity domain has constrained progress in combining these directions. Here, we demonstrate high-aspect-ratio silica meta-optics, which close this gap by combining silica's extraordinary damage resistance with the advanced phase and polarization control offered by metasurfaces. By leveraging anisotropic etching techniques, we fabricate nanopillars exceeding 3 $\mu$m in height with aspect ratios up to 14, enabling precise manipulation of complex light fields at intensities far beyond the thresholds of conventional metasurfaces. We showcase their functionality in generating vortex beams and achieving polarization manipulation with large phase retardance at challenging long-visible wavelengths. High-aspect-ratio silica meta-optics unlock structured laser-matter interactions in extreme regimes, that will surpass plasma ionization thresholds and enable applications such as relativistic particle acceleration and high-harmonic generation with structured beams, for both tabletop ultrafast systems and large-scale laser facilities.
Published: 2025

36. Neutrino Interaction Vertex Reconstruction in DUNE with Pandora Deep Learning

Author: DUNE Collaboration, Abud, A. Abed, Acciarri, R., Acero, M. A., Adames, M. R., Adamov, G., Adamowski, M., Adams, D., Adinolfi, M., Adriano, C., Aduszkiewicz, A., Aguilar, J., Akbar, F., Alemanno, F., Alex, N. S., Allison, K., Alrashed, M., Alton, A., Alvarez, R., Alves, T., Aman, A., Amar, H., Amedo, P., Anderson, J., Andreopoulos, C., Andreotti, M., Andrews, M. P., Andrianala, F., Andringa, S., Anjarazafy, F., Antic, D., Antoniassi, M., Antonova, M., Aranda-Fernandez, A., Arellano, L., Diaz, E. Arrieta, Arroyave, M. A., Asaadi, J., Ashkenazi, A., Asner, D., Asquith, L., Atkin, E., Auguste, D., Aurisano, A., Aushev, V., Autiero, D., Gómez, D. Ávila, Azam, M. B., Azfar, F., Back, A., Back, H., Back, J. J., Bagaturia, I., Bagby, L., Baigarashev, D., Balasubramanian, S., Balboni, A., Baldi, P., Baldini, W., Baldonedo, J., Baller, B., Bambah, B., Banerjee, R., Barao, F., Barbu, D., Barenboim, G., Alzás, P. Barham, Barker, G. J., Barkhouse, W., Barr, G., Monarca, J. Barranco, Barros, A., Barros, N., Barrow, D., Barrow, J. L., Basharina-Freshville, A., Bashyal, A., Basque, V., Basu, D., Batchelor, C., Bathe-Peters, L., Battat, J. B. R., Battisti, F., Bay, F., Bazetto, M. C. Q., Alba, J. L. L. Bazo, Beacom, J. F., Bechetoille, E., Behera, B., Belchior, E., Bell, B., Bell, G., Bellantoni, L., Bellettini, G., Bellini, V., Beltramello, O., Montiel, C. Benitez, Benjamin, D., Neves, F. Bento, Berger, J., Berkman, S., Bernal, J., Bernardini, P., Bersani, A., Bertolini, E., Bertolucci, S., Betancourt, M., Rodríguez, A. Betancur, Bezawada, Y., Bezerra, A. T., Bhat, A., Bhatnagar, V., Bhatt, J., Bhattacharjee, M., Bhattacharya, M., Bhuller, S., Bhuyan, B., Biagi, S., Bian, J., Biery, K., Bilki, B., Bishai, M., Blake, A., Blaszczyk, F. D., Blazey, G. C., Blucher, E., Bogart, B., Bogenschuetz, J., Boissevain, J., Bolognesi, S., Bolton, T., Bomben, L., Bonesini, M., Bonilla-Diaz, C., Booth, A., Boran, F., Merlo, R. Borges, Bostan, N., Botogoske, G., Bottino, B., Bouet, R., Boza, J., Bracinik, J., Brahma, B., Brailsford, D., Bramati, F., Branca, A., Brandt, A., Bremer, J., Brew, C., Brice, S. J., Brio, V., Brizzolari, C., Bromberg, C., Brooke, J., Bross, A., Brunetti, G., Brunetti, M. B., Buchanan, N., Budd, H., Buergi, J., Bundock, A., Burgardt, D., Butchart, S., V., G. Caceres, Cai, T., Calabrese, R., Calcutt, J., Calivers, L., Calvo, E., Caminata, A., Camino, A. F., Campanelli, W., Campani, A., Benitez, A. Campos, Canci, N., Capó, J., Caracas, I., Caratelli, D., Carber, D., Carceller, J. M., Carini, G., Carlus, B., Carneiro, M. F., Carniti, P., Terrazas, I. Caro, Carranza, H., Carrara, N., Carroll, L., Carroll, T., Carter, A., Casarejos, E., Casazza, D., Forero, J. F. Castaño, Castaño, F. A., Castillo, A., Castromonte, C., Catano-Mur, E., Cattadori, C., Cavalier, F., Cavanna, F., Centro, S., Cerati, G., Cerna, C., Cervelli, A., Villanueva, A. Cervera, Chalifour, M., Chappell, A., Chatterjee, A., Chauhan, B., Chen, H., Chen, M., Chen, W. C., Chen, Y., Chen, Z., Cherdack, D., Chhibra, S. S., Chi, C., Chiapponi, F., Chirco, R., Chitirasreemadam, N., Cho, K., Choate, S., Choi, G., Chokheli, D., Chong, P. S., Chowdhury, B., Christian, D., Chung, M., Church, E., Cicala, M. F., Cicerchia, M., Cicero, V., Ciolini, R., Clarke, P., Cline, G., Cocco, A. G., Coelho, J. A. B., Cohen, A., Collazo, J., Collot, J., Conrad, J. M., Convery, M., Conway, K., Copello, S., Cova, P., Cox, C., Cremonesi, L., Crespo-Anadón, J. I., Crisler, M., Cristaldo, E., Crnkovic, J., Crone, G., Cross, R., Cudd, A., Cuesta, C., Cui, Y., Curciarello, F., Cussans, D., Dai, J., Dalager, O., Dallaway, W., D'Amico, R., da Motta, H., Dar, Z. A., Darby, R., Peres, L. Da Silva, David, Q., Davies, G. S., Davini, S., Dawson, J., De Aguiar, R., De Almeida, P., Debbins, P., Decowski, M. P., de Gouvêa, A., De Holanda, P. C., De Jong, P., Sanchez, P. Del Amo, De Lauretis, G., Delbart, A., Delepine, D., Delgado, M., Dell'Acqua, A., Monache, G. Delle, Delmonte, N., De Lurgio, P., Demario, R., De Matteis, G., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, DeMuth, D. M., Dennis, S., Densham, C., Denton, P., Deptuch, G. W., De Roeck, A., De Romeri, V., Detje, J. P., Devine, J., Dharmapalan, R., Dias, M., Diaz, A., Díaz, J. S., Díaz, F., Di Capua, F., Di Domenico, A., Di Domizio, S., Di Falco, S., Di Giulio, L., Ding, P., Di Noto, L., Diociaiuti, E., Di Silvestre, V., Distefano, C., Diurba, R., Diwan, M., Djurcic, Z., Dolan, S., Dolce, M., Dolek, F., Dolinski, M. J., Domenici, D., Donati, S., Donon, Y., Doran, S., Douglas, D., Doyle, T. A., Drielsma, F., Duarte, L., Duchesneau, D., Duffy, K., Dugas, K., Dunne, P., Dutta, B., Duyang, H., Dwyer, D. A., Dyshkant, A. S., Dytman, S., Eads, M., Earle, A., Edayath, S., Edmunds, D., Eisch, J., Emark, W., Englezos, P., Ereditato, A., Erjavec, T., Escobar, C. O., Evans, J. J., Ewart, E., Ezeribe, A. C., Fahey, K., Falcone, A., Fani', M., Farnese, C., Farrell, S., Farzan, Y., Felix, J., Feng, Y., Fernandez-Martinez, E., da Silva, M. Ferreira, Ferry, G., Fialova, E., Fields, L., Filip, P., Filkins, A., Filthaut, F., Fiorillo, G., Fiorini, M., Fogarty, S., Foreman, W., Fowler, J., Franc, J., Francis, K., Franco, D., Franklin, J., Freeman, J., Fried, J., Friedland, A., Fucci, M., Fuess, S., Furic, I. K., Furman, K., Furmanski, A. P., Gaba, R., Gabrielli, A., Gago, A. M, Galizzi, F., Gallagher, H., Galli, M., Gallice, N., Galymov, V., Gamberini, E., Gamble, T., Gandhi, R., Ganguly, S., Gao, F., Gao, S., Garcia-Gamez, D., García-Peris, M. Á., Gardim, F., Gardiner, S., Gastler, D., Gauch, A., Gauzzi, P., Gazzana, S., Ge, G., Geffroy, N., Gelli, B., Gent, S., Gerlach, L., Ghosh, A., Giammaria, T., Gibin, D., Gil-Botella, I., Gilligan, S., Gioiosa, A., Giovannella, S., Giri, A. K., Giugliano, C., Giusti, V., Gnani, D., Gogota, O., Gollapinni, S., Gollwitzer, K., Gomes, R. A., Bermeo, L. V. Gomez, Fajardo, L. S. Gomez, Gonzalez-Diaz, D., Goodman, M. C., Goswami, S., Gotti, C., Goudeau, J., Goudzovski, E., Grace, C., Gramellini, E., Gran, R., Granados, E., Granger, P., Grant, C., Gratieri, D. R., Grauso, G., Green, P., Greenberg, S., Greer, J., Griffith, W. C., Grzelak, K., Gu, L., Gu, W., Guarino, V., Guarise, M., Guenette, R., Guerzoni, M., Guffanti, D., Guglielmi, A., Guo, B., Guo, F. Y., Gupta, V., Gurung, G., Gutierrez, D., Guzowski, P., Guzzo, M. M., Gwon, S., Habig, A., Haegel, L., Hagaman, L., Hahn, A., Hakenmüller, J., Hamernik, T., Hamilton, P., Hancock, J., Handley, M., Happacher, F., Harris, D. A., Hart, A. L., Hartnell, J., Hartnett, T., Harton, J., Hasegawa, T., Hasnip, C. M., Hatcher, R., Hawkins, S., Hays, J., He, M., Heavey, A., Heeger, K. M., Heindel, A., Heise, J., Hellmuth, P., Henderson, L., Herner, K., Hewes, V., Higuera, A., Hilgenberg, C., Himmel, A., Hinkle, E., Hirsch, L. R., Ho, J., Zink, J. Hoefken, Hoff, J., Holin, A., Holvey, T., Hong, C., Hoppe, E., Horiuchi, S., Horton-Smith, G. A., Hosokawa, R., Houdy, T., Howard, B., Howell, R., Hristova, I., Hronek, M. S., Huang, J., Huang, R. G., Huang, X., Hulcher, Z., Iles, G., Ilic, N., Iliescu, A. M., Illingworth, R., Ingratta, G., Ioannisian, A., Irwin, B., Oliveira, M. Ismerio, Jackson, C. M., Jain, V., James, E., Jang, W., Jargowsky, B., Jena, D., Jentz, I., Ji, X., Jiang, C., Jiang, J., Jipa, A., Jo, J. H., Joaquim, F. R., Johnson, W., Jollet, C., Jones, R., Jovancevic, N., Judah, M., Jung, C. K., Jung, K. Y., Junk, T., Jwa, Y., Kabirnezhad, M., Kaboth, A. C., Kadenko, I., Kalikulov, O., Kalra, D., Kandemir, M., Kaplan, D. M., Karagiorgi, G., Karaman, G., Karcher, A., Karyotakis, Y., Kasetti, S. P., Kashur, L., Kauther, A., Kazaryan, N., Ke, L., Kearns, E., Keener, P. T., Kelly, K. J., Keloth, R., Kemp, E., Kemularia, O., Kermaidic, Y., Ketchum, W., Kettell, S. H., Khan, N., Khvedelidze, A., Kim, D., Kim, J., Kim, M. 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A., Lister, A., Littlejohn, B. R., Liu, H., Liu, J., Liu, Y., Lockwitz, S., Lomidze, I., Long, K., Lopes, T. V., Lopez, J., de Rego, I. López, López-March, N., LoSecco, J. M., Louis, W. C., Sanchez, A. Lozano, Lu, X. -G., Luk, K. B., Luo, X., Luppi, E., Machado, A. A., Machado, P., Macias, C. T., Macier, J. R., MacMahon, M., Magill, S., Magueur, C., Mahn, K., Maio, A., Major, A., Majumdar, K., Malige, A., Mameli, S., Man, M., Mandujano, R. C., Maneira, J., Manly, S., Mann, A., Manolopoulos, K., Plata, M. Manrique, Corchado, S. Manthey, Manyam, V. N., Manzanillas-Velez, L., Marchan, M., Marchionni, A., Marciano, W., Marfatia, D., Mariani, C., Maricic, J., Marinho, F., Marino, A. D., Markiewicz, T., Marques, F. Das Chagas, Marquet, C., Marshak, M., Marshall, C. M., Marshall, J., Martina, L., Martín-Albo, J., Martinez, N., Caicedo, D. A. Martinez, Martinez-Casales, M., López, F. Martínez, Miravé, P. 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Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The Pandora Software Development Kit and algorithm libraries perform reconstruction of neutrino interactions in liquid argon time projection chamber detectors. Pandora is the primary event reconstruction software used at the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment, which will operate four large-scale liquid argon time projection chambers at the far detector site in South Dakota, producing high-resolution images of charged particles emerging from neutrino interactions. While these high-resolution images provide excellent opportunities for physics, the complex topologies require sophisticated pattern recognition capabilities to interpret signals from the detectors as physically meaningful objects that form the inputs to physics analyses. A critical component is the identification of the neutrino interaction vertex. Subsequent reconstruction algorithms use this location to identify the individual primary particles and ensure they each result in a separate reconstructed particle. A new vertex-finding procedure described in this article integrates a U-ResNet neural network performing hit-level classification into the multi-algorithm approach used by Pandora to identify the neutrino interaction vertex. The machine learning solution is seamlessly integrated into a chain of pattern-recognition algorithms. The technique substantially outperforms the previous BDT-based solution, with a more than 20\% increase in the efficiency of sub-1\,cm vertex reconstruction across all neutrino flavours., Comment: 32 pages, 18 figures
Published: 2025

37. Perfect Transfer of Entanglement and One-Way Quantum Steering via Parametric Frequency Converter in a Two-mode Cavity Magnomechanical System

Author: Sohail, Amjad, Nawaz, Allah, Ali, Hazrat, Ahmed, Rizwan, and de Oliveira, Marcos Cesar
Subjects: Quantum Physics
Abstract: We study the effects of a parametric frequency converter in a two-mode cavity system where one of the cavity mode is coupled with yttrium iron garnet (YIG) via magnetic dipole interaction. Parametric frequency converter acts as a nonlinear source for enhanced entanglement among all bipartitions and asymmetrical quantum steering. The behavior of the two types of quantum correlations are shown to be dependent on parametric coupling and the associated phase factor. We show that cavity-cavity entanglement and cavity-phonon entanglement (cavity-magnon entanglement) decreases (increases) with the increase of the parametric phase factor {\phi}. In addition, generated entanglements in the present system have shown to be more robust against the thermal effects, with the inclusion of the parametric converter as compared with the bare cavity case. Another intriguing finding is the asymmetric one-way steering, where we notice that magnon and phonon modes can steer the indirectly coupled cavity modes, yet the steering in swapped direction is not observed. It is of great interest that the perfect transfer of entanglement and quantum steering is achieved among different modes by adjusting the system's parameters. In fact, our protocol for these transferring processes suggests a different approach to the processing and storage of quantum information., Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures
Published: 2025

38. Comment on 'Galvano-rotational effect induced by electroweak interactions in pulsars'

Author: Oliveira, R. R. S.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract: In this comment, we obtain the corrected energy spectrum for Dvornikov's paper, that is, a spectrum in which the matter term, given by $V_L$, is ''tied'' in both the radial and angular quantum numbers, given by $N$ and $J_z$. In particular, the error committed by Dvornikov arose from an incorrectly solved second-order differential equation. Besides, such an equation also had another error, i.e. since Dvornikov considered ultrarelativistic particles where $m\to 0$, it implies that all terms of this equation containing $m$ should vanish; however, that is not what happened. Therefore, solving in detail the corrected Dvornikov equation, we obtain the corrected spectrum, where we verified that for $J_z>0$ (positive angular momentum), $\sigma=+1$ (upper component of the spinor) and $V_L>0$, or $J_z<0$ (negative angular momentum), $\sigma=-1$ (lower component of the spinor) and $V_L<0$, we recover the particular spectrum of Dvornikov's paper with $m^2=0$ (as it should be)., Comment: 6 pages, no figure. Comment on arXiv:1503.00608
Published: 2025

39. Search for resonance-enhanced $CP$ and angular asymmetries in the $\Lambda^+_{c}\to p\mu^+\mu^-$ decay at LHCb

Author: LHCb collaboration, Aaij, R., Abdelmotteleb, A. S. W., Beteta, C. Abellan, Abudinén, F., Ackernley, T., Adefisoye, A. A., Adeva, B., Adinolfi, M., Adlarson, P., Agapopoulou, C., Aidala, C. A., Ajaltouni, Z., Akar, S., Akiba, K., Albicocco, P., Albrecht, J., Alessio, F., Alexander, M., Aliouche, Z., Cartelle, P. Alvarez, Amalric, R., Amato, S., Amey, J. L., Amhis, Y., An, L., Anderlini, L., Andersson, M., Andreianov, A., Andreola, P., Andreotti, M., Andreou, D., Anelli, A., Ao, D., Archilli, F., Argenton, M., Cuendis, S. Arguedas, Artamonov, A., Artuso, M., Aslanides, E., Da Silva, R. Ataíde, Atzeni, M., Audurier, B., Bacher, D., Perea, I. Bachiller, Bachmann, S., Bachmayer, M., Back, J. J., Rodriguez, P. Baladron, Balagura, V., Balboni, A., Baldini, W., Balzani, L., Bao, H., Leite, J. Baptista de Souza, Pretel, C. Barbero, Barbetti, M., Barbosa, I. R., Barlow, R. J., Barnyakov, M., Barsuk, S., Barter, W., Bartz, J., Basels, J. M., Bashir, S., Bassi, G., Batsukh, B., Battista, P. B., Bay, A., Beck, A., Becker, M., Bedeschi, F., Bediaga, I. B., Behling, N. A., Belin, S., Belous, K., Belov, I., Belyaev, I., Benane, G., Bencivenni, G., Ben-Haim, E., Berezhnoy, A., Bernet, R., Andres, S. Bernet, Bertolin, A., Betancourt, C., Betti, F., Bex, J., Bezshyiko, Ia., Bhom, J., Bieker, M. S., Biesuz, N. V., Billoir, P., Biolchini, A., Birch, M., Bishop, F. C. R., Bitadze, A., Bizzeti, A., Blake, T., Blanc, F., Blank, J. E., Blusk, S., Bocharnikov, V., Boelhauve, J. A., Garcia, O. Boente, Boettcher, T., Bohare, A., Boldyrev, A., Bolognani, C. S., Bolzonella, R., Bonacci, R. B., Bondar, N., Bordelius, A., Borgato, F., Borghi, S., Borsato, M., Borsuk, J. T., Bottalico, E., Bouchiba, S. A., Bovill, M., Bowcock, T. J. V., Boyer, A., Bozzi, C., Brandenburg, J. D., Rodriguez, A. Brea, Breer, N., Brodzicka, J., Gonzalo, A. Brossa, Brown, J., Brundu, D., Buchanan, E., Buonincontri, L., Marcos, M. Burgos, Burke, A. T., Burr, C., Butter, J. S., Buytaert, J., Byczynski, W., Cadeddu, S., Cai, H., Caillet, A., Calabrese, R., Ramirez, S. Calderon, Calefice, L., Cali, S., Calvi, M., Gomez, M. Calvo, Magalhaes, P. Camargo, Bouzas, J. I. Cambon, Campana, P., Perez, D. H. Campora, Quezada, A. F. Campoverde, Capelli, S., Capriotti, L., Caravaca-Mora, R., Carbone, A., Salgado, L. Carcedo, Cardinale, R., Cardini, A., Carniti, P., Carus, L., Vidal, A. Casais, Caspary, R., Casse, G., Cattaneo, M., Cavallero, G., Cavallini, V., Celani, S., Cesare, S., Chadwick, A. J., Chahrour, I., Chang, H., Charles, M., Charpentier, Ph., Chatzianagnostou, E., Chefdeville, M., Chen, C., Chen, S., Chen, Z., Chernov, A., Chernyshenko, S., Chiotopoulos, X., Chobanova, V., Chrzaszcz, M., Chubykin, A., Chulikov, V., Ciambrone, P., Vidal, X. Cid, Ciezarek, G., Cifra, P., Clarke, P. E. L., Clemencic, M., Cliff, H. V., Closier, J., Toapaxi, C. Cocha, Coco, V., Cogan, J., Cogneras, E., Cojocariu, L., Collaviti, S., Collins, P., Colombo, T., Colonna, M., Comerma-Montells, A., Congedo, L., Contu, A., Cooke, N., Corredoira, I., Correia, A., Corti, G., Meldrum, J. Cottee, Couturier, B., Craik, D. C., Torres, M. Cruz, Rivera, E. Curras, Currie, R., Da Silva, C. L., Dadabaev, S., Dai, L., Dai, X., Dall'Occo, E., Dalseno, J., D'Ambrosio, C., Daniel, J., Danilina, A., d'Argent, P., Darze, G., Davidson, A., Davies, J. E., Francisco, O. De Aguiar, De Angelis, C., De Benedetti, F., de Boer, J., De Bruyn, K., De Capua, S., De Cian, M., Da Graca, U. De Freitas Carneiro, De Lucia, E., De Miranda, J. M., De Paula, L., De Serio, M., De Simone, P., De Vellis, F., de Vries, J. A., Debernardis, F., Decamp, D., Dedu, V., Dekkers, S., Del Buono, L., Delaney, B., Dembinski, H. -P., Deng, J., Denysenko, V., Deschamps, O., Dettori, F., Dey, B., Di Nezza, P., Diachkov, I., Didenko, S., Ding, S., Dittmann, L., Dobishuk, V., Docheva, A. D., Dong, C., Donohoe, A. M., Dordei, F., Reis, A. C. dos, Dowling, A. D., Duan, W., Duda, P., Dudek, M. W., Dufour, L., Duk, V., Durante, P., Duras, M. M., Durham, J. M., Durmus, O. D., Dziurda, A., Dzyuba, A., Easo, S., Eckstein, E., Egede, U., Egorychev, A., Egorychev, V., Eisenhardt, S., Ejopu, E., Eklund, L., Elashri, M., Ellbracht, J., Ely, S., Ene, A., Eschle, J., Esen, S., Evans, T., Fabiano, F., Falcao, L. N., Fan, Y., Fang, B., Fantini, L., Faria, M., Farmer, K., Fazzini, D., Felkowski, L., Feng, M., Feo, M., Casani, A. Fernandez, Gomez, M. Fernandez, Fernez, A. D., Ferrari, F., Rodrigues, F. Ferreira, Ferrillo, M., Ferro-Luzzi, M., Filippov, S., Fini, R. A., Fiorini, M., Firlej, M., Fischer, K. L., Fitzgerald, D. S., Fitzpatrick, C., Fiutowski, T., Fleuret, F., Fontana, M., Foreman, L. F., Forty, R., Foulds-Holt, D., Lima, V. Franco, Sevilla, M. Franco, Frank, M., Franzoso, E., Frau, G., Frei, C., Friday, D. A., Fu, J., Führing, Q., Fujii, Y., Fulghesu, T., Gabriel, E., Galati, G., Galati, M. D., Torreira, A. Gallas, Galli, D., Gambetta, S., Gandelman, M., Gandini, P., Ganie, B., Gao, H., Gao, R., Gao, T. Q., Gao, Y., Martin, L. M. Garcia, Moreno, P. Garcia, Pardiñas, J. García, Gardner, P., Garg, K. G., Garrido, L., Gaspar, C., Gavrikov, A., Gerken, L. L., Gersabeck, E., Gersabeck, M., Gershon, T., Ghizzo, S., Ghorbanimoghaddam, Z., Giambastiani, L., Giasemis, F. I., Gibson, V., Giemza, H. K., Gilman, A. L., Giovannetti, M., Gioventù, A., Girardey, L., Giugliano, C., Giza, M. A., Glaser, F. C., Gligorov, V. V., Göbel, C., Golinka-Bezshyyko, L., Golobardes, E., Golubkov, D., Golutvin, A., Fernandez, S. Gomez, Gomulka, W., Abrantes, F. Goncalves, Goncerz, M., Gong, G., Gooding, J. A., Gorelov, I. V., Gotti, C., Govorkova, E., Grabowski, J. P., Cardoso, L. A. Granado, Graugés, E., Graverini, E., Grazette, L., Graziani, G., Grecu, A. T., Greeven, L. M., Grieser, N. A., Grillo, L., Gromov, S., Gu, C., Guarise, M., Guerry, L., Guliaeva, V., Günther, P. A., Guseinov, A. -K., Gushchin, E., Guz, Y., Gys, T., Habermann, K., Hadavizadeh, T., Hadjivasiliou, C., Haefeli, G., Haen, C., Hallett, G., Halvorsen, M. M., Hamilton, P. M., Hammerich, J., Han, Q., Han, X., Hansmann-Menzemer, S., Hao, L., Harnew, N., Harris, T. H., Hartmann, M., Hashmi, S., He, J., Hemmer, F., Henderson, C., Henderson, R. D. L., Hennequin, A. M., Hennessy, K., Henry, L., Herd, J., Gascon, P. Herrero, Heuel, J., Hicheur, A., Mendizabal, G. Hijano, Horswill, J., Hou, R., Hou, Y., Howarth, N., Hu, J., Hu, W., Hu, X., Huang, W., Hulsbergen, W., Hunter, R. J., Hushchyn, M., Hutchcroft, D., Idzik, M., Ilin, D., Ilten, P., Inglessi, A., Iniukhin, A., Ishteev, A., Ivshin, K., Jacobsson, R., Jage, H., Elles, S. J. Jaimes, Jakobsen, S., Jans, E., Jashal, B. K., Jawahery, A., Jevtic, V., Jiang, E., Jiang, X., Jiang, Y., Jiang, Y. J., John, M., Rajan, A. John Rubesh, Johnson, D., Jones, C. R., Jones, T. P., Joshi, S., Jost, B., Castella, J. Juan, Jurik, N., Juszczak, I., Kaminaris, D., Kandybei, S., Kane, M., Kang, Y., Kar, C., Karacson, M., Karpenkov, D., Kauniskangas, A., Kautz, J. W., Kazanecki, M. K., Keizer, F., Kenzie, M., Ketel, T., Khanji, B., Kharisova, A., Kholodenko, S., Khreich, G., Kirn, T., Kirsebom, V. S., Kitouni, O., Klaver, S., Kleijne, N., Klimaszewski, K., Kmiec, M. R., Koliiev, S., Kolk, L., Konoplyannikov, A., Kopciewicz, P., Koppenburg, P., Korolev, M., Kostiuk, I., Kot, O., Kotriakhova, S., Kozachuk, A., Kravchenko, P., Kravchuk, L., Kreps, M., Krokovny, P., Krupa, W., Krzemien, W., Kshyvanskyi, O., Kubis, S., Kucharczyk, M., Kudryavtsev, V., Kulikova, E., Kupsc, A., Kutsenko, B. K., Lacarrere, D., Gonzalez, P. Laguarta, Lai, A., Lampis, A., Lancierini, D., Gomez, C. Landesa, Lane, J. J., Lane, R., Lanfranchi, G., Langenbruch, C., Langer, J., Lantwin, O., Latham, T., Lazzari, F., Lazzeroni, C., Gac, R. Le, Lee, H., Lefèvre, R., Leflat, A., Legotin, S., Lehuraux, M., Cid, E. Lemos, Leroy, O., Lesiak, T., Lesser, E. D., Leverington, B., Li, A., Li, C., Li, H., Li, K., Li, L., Li, M., Li, P., Li, P. -R., Li, Q., Li, S., Li, T., Li, Y., Lian, Z., Liang, X., Libralon, S., Lin, C., Lin, T., Lindner, R., Linton, H., Lisovskyi, V., Litvinov, R., Liu, F. L., Liu, G., Liu, K., Liu, S., Liu, W., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. L., Ordonez, G. Loachamin, Salvia, A. Lobo, Loi, A., Long, T., Lopes, J. H., Huertas, A. Lopez, Soliño, S. López, Lu, Q., Lucarelli, C., Lucchesi, D., Martinez, M. Lucio, Lukashenko, V., Luo, Y., Lupato, A., Luppi, E., Lynch, K., Lyu, X. -R., Ma, G. M., Maccolini, S., Machefert, F., Maciuc, F., Mack, B., Mackay, I., Mackey, L. M., Mohan, L. R. Madhan, Madurai, M. J., Maevskiy, A., Magdalinski, D., Maisuzenko, D., Malczewski, J. J., Malde, S., Malentacca, L., Malinin, A., Maltsev, T., Manca, G., Mancinelli, G., Mancuso, C., Escalero, R. Manera, Manganella, F. M., Manuzzi, D., Marangotto, D., Marchand, J. F., Marchevski, R., Marconi, U., Mariani, E., Mariani, S., Benito, C. Marin, Marks, J., Marshall, A. M., Martel, L., Martelli, G., Martellotti, G., Martinazzoli, L., Martinelli, M., Gomez, D. Martinez, Santos, D. Martinez, Vidal, F. Martinez, Granollers, A. Martorell i, Massafferri, A., Matev, R., Mathad, A., Matiunin, V., Matteuzzi, C., Mattioli, K. R., Mauri, A., Maurice, E., Mauricio, J., Mayencourt, P., de Cos, J. Mazorra, Mazurek, M., McCann, M., McGrath, T. H., McHugh, N. T., McNab, A., McNulty, R., Meadows, B., Meier, G., Melnychuk, D., Meng, F. M., Merk, M., Merli, A., Garcia, L. Meyer, Miao, D., Miao, H., Mikhasenko, M., Milanes, D. A., Minotti, A., Minucci, E., Miralles, T., Mitreska, B., Mitzel, D. S., Modak, A., Moeser, L., Mohammed, R. A., Moise, R. D., Mokhnenko, S., Cardenas, E. F. Molina, Mombächer, T., Monk, M., Monteil, S., Gomez, A. Morcillo, Morello, G., Morello, M. J., Morgenthaler, M. P., Moron, J., Morren, W., Morris, A. B., Morris, A. G., Mountain, R., Mu, H., Mu, Z. M., Muhammad, E., Muheim, F., Mulder, M., Müller, K., Muñoz-Rojas, F., Murta, R., Naik, P., Nakada, T., Nandakumar, R., Nanut, T., Nasteva, I., Needham, M., Neri, N., Neubert, S., Neufeld, N., Neustroev, P., Nicolini, J., Nicotra, D., Niel, E. M., Nikitin, N., Niu, Q., Nogarolli, P., Nogga, P., Normand, C., Fernandez, J. Novoa, Nowak, G., Nunez, C., Nur, H. N., Oblakowska-Mucha, A., Obraztsov, V., Oeser, T., Okamura, S., Okhotnikov, A., Okhrimenko, O., Oldeman, R., Oliva, F., Olocco, M., Onderwater, C. J. G., O'Neil, R. H., Osthues, D., Goicochea, J. M. Otalora, Owen, P., Oyanguren, A., Ozcelik, O., Paciolla, F., Padee, A., Padeken, K. O., Pagare, B., Pais, P. R., Pajero, T., Palano, A., Palutan, M., Pan, X., Panshin, G., Paolucci, L., Papanestis, A., Pappagallo, M., Pappalardo, L. L., Pappenheimer, C., Parkes, C., Parmar, D., Passalacqua, B., Passaleva, G., Passaro, D., Pastore, A., Patel, M., Patoc, J., Patrignani, C., Paul, A., Pawley, C. J., Pellegrino, A., Peng, J., Altarelli, M. Pepe, Perazzini, S., Pereima, D., Da Costa, H. Pereira, Castro, A. Pereiro, Perret, P., Perrevoort, A., Perro, A., Peters, M. J., Petridis, K., Petrolini, A., Pfaller, J. P., Pham, H., Pica, L., Piccini, M., Piccolo, L., Pietrzyk, B., Pietrzyk, G., Pilato, R. N., Pinci, D., Pisani, F., Pizzichemi, M., Placinta, V., Casasus, M. Plo, Poeschl, T., Polci, F., Lener, M. Poli, Poluektov, A., Polukhina, N., Polyakov, I., Polycarpo, E., Ponce, S., Popov, D., Poslavskii, S., Prasanth, K., Prouve, C., Provenzano, D., Pugatch, V., Punzi, G., Qasim, S., Qian, Q. Q., Qian, W., Qin, N., Qu, S., Quagliani, R., Trejo, R. I. Rabadan, Rademacker, J. H., Rama, M., García, M. Ramírez, De Oliveira, V. Ramos, Pernas, M. Ramos, Rangel, M. S., Ratnikov, F., Raven, G., De Miguel, M. Rebollo, Redi, F., Reich, J., Reiss, F., Ren, Z., Resmi, P. K., Galvez, M. Ribalda, Ribatti, R., Ricart, G., Riccardi, D., Ricciardi, S., Richardson, K., Richardson-Slipper, M., Rinnert, K., Robbe, P., Robertson, G., Rodrigues, E., Alvarez, A. Rodriguez, Fernandez, E. Rodriguez, Lopez, J. A. Rodriguez, Rodriguez, E. Rodriguez, Roensch, J., Rogachev, A., Rogovskiy, A., Rolf, D. L., Roloff, P., Romanovskiy, V., Vidal, A. Romero, Romolini, G., Ronchetti, F., Rong, T., Rotondo, M., Roy, S. R., Rudolph, M. S., Diaz, M. Ruiz, Fernandez, R. A. Ruiz, Vidal, J. Ruiz, Ryzka, J., Saavedra-Arias, J. J., Silva, J. J. Saborido, Sadek, R., Sagidova, N., Sahoo, D., Sahoo, N., Saitta, B., Salomoni, M., Sanderswood, I., Santacesaria, R., Rios, C. Santamarina, Santimaria, M., Santoro, L., Santovetti, E., Saputi, A., Saranin, D., Sarnatskiy, A., Sarpis, G., Sarpis, M., Satriano, C., Satta, A., Saur, M., Savrina, D., Sazak, H., Sborzacchi, F., Smead, L. G. Scantlebury, Scarabotto, A., Schael, S., Scherl, S., Schiller, M., Schindler, H., Schmelling, M., Schmidt, B., Schmitt, S., Schmitz, H., Schneider, O., Schopper, A., Schulte, N., Schulte, S., Schune, M. H., Schwemmer, R., Schwering, G., Sciascia, B., Sciuccati, A., Segal, I., Sellam, S., Semennikov, A., Senger, T., Soares, M. Senghi, Sergi, A., Serra, N., Sestini, L., Seuthe, A., Shang, Y., Shangase, D. M., Shapkin, M., Sharma, R. S., Shchemerov, I., Shchutska, L., Shears, T., Shekhtman, L., Shen, Z., Sheng, S., Shevchenko, V., Shi, B., Shi, Q., Shimizu, Y., Shmanin, E., Shorkin, R., Shupperd, J. D., Coutinho, R. Silva, Simi, G., Simone, S., Skidmore, N., Skwarnicki, T., Slater, M. W., Smallwood, J. C., Smith, E., Smith, K., Smith, M., Snoch, A., Lavra, L. Soares, Sokoloff, M. D., Soler, F. J. P., Solomin, A., Solovev, A., Solovyev, I., Sommerfeld, N. S., Song, R., Song, Y., Song, Y. S., De Almeida, F. L. Souza, De Paula, B. Souza, Norella, E. Spadaro, Spedicato, E., Speer, J. G., Spiridenkov, E., Spradlin, P., Sriskaran, V., Stagni, F., Stahl, M., Stahl, S., Stanislaus, S., Stefaniak, M., Stein, E. N., Steinkamp, O., Stenyakin, O., Stevens, H., Strekalina, D., Su, Y., Suljik, F., Sun, J., Sun, L., Sundfeld, D., Sutcliffe, W., Swientek, K., Swystun, F., Szabelski, A., Szumlak, T., Tan, Y., Tang, Y., Tat, M. D., Terentev, A., Terzuoli, F., Teubert, F., Thomas, E., Thompson, D. J. D., Tilquin, H., Tisserand, V., T'Jampens, S., Tobin, M., Tomassetti, L., Tonani, G., Tong, X., Tork, T., Machado, D. Torres, Toscano, L., Tou, D. Y., Trippl, C., Tuci, G., Tuning, N., Uecker, L. H., Ukleja, A., Unverzagt, D. J., Urbach, B., Usachov, A., Ustyuzhanin, A., Uwer, U., Vagnoni, V., Cadenas, V. Valcarce, Valenti, G., Canudas, N. Valls, van Eldik, J., Van Hecke, H., van Herwijnen, E., Van Hulse, C. B., Van Laak, R., van Veghel, M., Vasquez, G., Gomez, R. Vazquez, Regueiro, P. Vazquez, Sierra, C. Vázquez, Vecchi, S., Velthuis, J. J., Veltri, M., Venkateswaran, A., Verdoglia, M., Vesterinen, M., Benet, D. Vico, Villalba, P. Vidrier, Diaz, M. Vieites, Vilasis-Cardona, X., Figueras, E. Vilella, Villa, A., Vincent, P., Volle, F. C., Bruch, D. vom, Voropaev, N., Vos, K., Vrahas, C., Wagner, J., Walsh, J., Walton, E. J., Wan, G., Wang, C., Wang, G., Wang, H., Wang, J., Wang, M., Wang, N. W., Wang, R., Wang, X., Wang, X. W., Wang, Y., Wang, Y. W., Wang, Z., Ward, J. A., Waterlaat, M., Watson, N. K., Websdale, D., Wei, Y., Wendel, J., Westhenry, B. D. C., White, C., Whitehead, M., Whiter, E., Wiederhold, A. R., Wiedner, D., Wilkinson, G., Wilkinson, M. K., Williams, M., Williams, M. J., Williams, M. R. J., Williams, R., Williams, Z., Wilson, F. F., Winn, M., Wislicki, W., Witek, M., Witola, L., Wormser, G., Wotton, S. A., Wu, H., Wu, J., Wu, X., Wu, Y., Wu, Z., Wyllie, K., Xian, S., Xiang, Z., Xie, Y., Xing, T. X., Xu, A., Xu, L., Xu, M., Xu, Z., Yang, K., Yang, S., Yang, X., Yang, Y., Yang, Z., Yeroshenko, V., Yeung, H., Yin, H., Yin, X., Yu, C. Y., Yu, J., Yuan, X., Yuan, Y, Zaffaroni, E., Zavertyaev, M., Zdybal, M., Zenesini, F., Zeng, C., Zeng, M., Zhang, C., Zhang, D., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, S., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. Z., Zhang, Z., Zhao, Y., Zhelezov, A., Zheng, S. Z., Zheng, X. Z., Zheng, Y., Zhou, T., Zhou, X., Zhou, Y., Zhovkovska, V., Zhu, L. Z., Zhu, X., Zhukov, V., Zhuo, J., Zou, Q., Zuliani, D., and Zunica, G.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The first measurement of the $CP$ asymmetry of the decay rate ($A_{CP}$) and the $CP$ average ($\Sigma A_{\text{FB}}$) and $CP$ asymmetry ($\Delta A_{\text{FB}}$) of the forward-backward asymmetry in the muon system of $\mathit{\Lambda}^+_c\to p\mu^+\mu^-$ decays is reported. The measurement is performed using a data sample of proton-proton collisions, recorded by the LHCb experiment from 2016 to 2018 at a center-of-mass energy of 13$\text{ TeV}$, which corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.4$\text{ fb}^{-1}$. The asymmetries are measured in two regions of dimuon mass near the $\phi$-meson mass peak. The dimuon-mass integrated results are \begin{align*} A_{CP} &= (-1.1 \pm 4.0 \pm 0.5)\%,\\ \Sigma A_{\text{FB}} &= (\phantom{-}3.9 \pm 4.0 \pm 0.6)\%,\\ \Delta A_{\text{FB}} &= (\phantom{-}3.1 \pm 4.0 \pm 0.4)\%, \end{align*} where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. The results are consistent with the conservation of $CP$ symmetry and the Standard Model expectations., Comment: All figures and tables, along with machine-readable versions and any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://lbfence.cern.ch/alcm/public/analysis/full-details/3473/ (LHCb public pages)
Published: 2025

40. CARROT: A Cost Aware Rate Optimal Router

Author: Somerstep, Seamus, Polo, Felipe Maia, de Oliveira, Allysson Flavio Melo, Mangal, Prattyush, Silva, Mírian, Bhardwaj, Onkar, Yurochkin, Mikhail, and Maity, Subha
Subjects: Statistics - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture, Mathematics - Statistics Theory
Abstract: With the rapid growth in the number of Large Language Models (LLMs), there has been a recent interest in LLM routing, or directing queries to the cheapest LLM that can deliver a suitable response. Following this line of work, we introduce CARROT, a Cost AwaRe Rate Optimal rouTer that can select models based on any desired trade-off between performance and cost. Given a query, CARROT selects a model based on estimates of models' cost and performance. Its simplicity lends CARROT computational efficiency, while our theoretical analysis demonstrates minimax rate-optimality in its routing performance. Alongside CARROT, we also introduce the Smart Price-aware Routing (SPROUT) dataset to facilitate routing on a wide spectrum of queries with the latest state-of-the-art LLMs. Using SPROUT and prior benchmarks such as Routerbench and open-LLM-leaderboard-v2 we empirically validate CARROT's performance against several alternative routers.
Published: 2025

41. Nano-size fragmentation of Tantalum in Copper composite using additive manufacturing

Author: Das, Rakesh, Dubey, Pawan Kumar, de Oliveira, Raphael Benjamim, Galvao, Douglas S., Manna, Indranil, Joshi, Sameehan S., Owuor, Peter Samora, Machado, Leonardo D., Katiyar, Nirmal Kumar, Chakraborty, Suman, and Tiwary, Chandra Sekhar
Subjects: Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Physics - Applied Physics
Abstract: The biggest challenge in manufacturing an immiscible system is phase segregation and non-uniformity inside the composite matrix. Additive manufacturing has the potential to overcome these difficulties due to the high cooling rate achieved during the process. Here we have developed immiscible Copper-based composites reinforced with Tantalum, which were fabricated using the powder bed fusion melting (PBF-M) technique. The distinct advantage of utilizing Tantalum in this process resides in its high melting point, allowing it to remain in particle form within the composite and contribute to its mechanical and surface/wear properties. The PBF-M results in the in situ fragmentation of micron-size Tantalum particles into nanoparticle form through a surface roughening process during laser interaction, enhancing its mechanical and wear properties. The microstructural evolution of Cu-Ta composites is explained through multiscale numerical modeling. The enhanced yield strength and the dynamics of the Ta particles were corroborated by molecular dynamics simulations. The maximum yield strength is exhibited by Cu-5wt%Ta of 80 MPa. Addition of Ta also have significant improvement in wear properties of composites. The current results can be exploited to develop complex shape, high energy efficient copper-based composites.
Published: 2025

42. Rule-based Evolving Fuzzy System for Time Series Forecasting: New Perspectives Based on Type-2 Fuzzy Sets Measures Approach

Author: Marques, Eduardo Santos de Oliveira, Pinto, Arthur Caio Vargas, Alves, Kaike Sa Teles Rocha, and de Aguiar, Eduardo Pestana
Subjects: Statistics - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract: Real-world data contain uncertainty and variations that can be correlated to external variables, known as randomness. An alternative cause of randomness is chaos, which can be an important component of chaotic time series. One of the existing methods to deal with this type of data is the use of the evolving Fuzzy Systems (eFSs), which have been proven to be a powerful class of models for time series forecasting, due to their autonomy to handle the data and highly complex problems in real-world applications. However, due to its working structure, type-2 fuzzy sets can outperform type-1 fuzzy sets for highly uncertain scenarios. We then propose ePL-KRLS-FSM+, an enhanced class of evolving fuzzy modeling approach that combines participatory learning (PL), a kernel recursive least squares method (KRLS), type-2 fuzzy logic and data transformation into fuzzy sets (FSs). This improvement allows to create and measure type-2 fuzzy sets for better handling uncertainties in the data, generating a model that can predict chaotic data with increased accuracy. The model is evaluated using two complex datasets: the chaotic time series Mackey-Glass delay differential equation with different degrees of chaos, and the main stock index of the Taiwan Capitalization Weighted Stock Index - TAIEX. Model performance is compared to related state-of-the-art rule-based eFS models and classical approaches and is analyzed in terms of error metrics, runtime and the number of final rules. Forecasting results show that the proposed model is competitive and performs consistently compared with type-1 models, also outperforming other forecasting methods by showing the lowest error metrics and number of final rules.
Published: 2025

43. Jet evolution in a quantum computer: quark and gluon dynamics

Author: Castro, Nuno Filipe, Milhano, José Guilherme, and Oliveira, Maria Gabriela Jordão
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Quantum Physics
Abstract: The intrinsic quantum nature of jets and the Quark-Gluon Plasma makes the study of jet quenching a promising candidate to benefit from quantum computing power. Standing as a precursor of the full study of this phenomenon, we study the propagation of SU(3) partons in Quark-Gluon Plasma using quantum simulation algorithms. The algorithms are developed in detail, and the propagation of both quarks and gluons is analysed and compared with analytical expectations. The results, obtained with quantum simulators, demonstrate that the algorithm successfully simulates parton propagation, yielding results consistent with analytical baseline calculations., Comment: 17 pages, 15 figures
Published: 2025

44. Bounce solutions with quantum vacuum effects of massive fields and subsequent Starobinsky inflation

Author: Silva, Wagno Cesar e, Oliveira, Samuel W. P., and Shapiro, Ilya L.
Subjects: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, High Energy Physics - Theory, 83F05, 83C47, 83C75
Abstract: We extend the previous work about the cosmological solutions with bounce without modifications of gravity or introducing an extra scalar field. The main finding was that the bounce is possible in the initially contracting Universe filled with matter. After a strong contraction, matter gains the equation of state close to the one of radiation, such that the effect on matter on the evolution of the FLRW metric disappears at the classical level. However, this effect comes back owing to the quantum trace anomaly in the matter/radiation sector. In the present contribution, we explore the weak impact of massive fields on the anomaly-driven bounce solution and discuss the role of the vacuum terms. The masses are assumed small and regarded as small perturbations, which enables using trace anomaly even in this case. On the other hand, by adding the $R^2$ term to the action, we arrive at the model with the trans-Planckian bounce and subsequent Starobinsky inflation. In such a framework, using the numerical analysis, we consider three scenarios providing bounce solutions., Comment: Contribution to the A.A. Starobinsky Memorial Volume, Springer 2025. 18 pages, three figures, LaTeX
Published: 2025

45. Optimal Computational Secret Sharing

Author: Aureliano, Igor L., Cohen, Alejandro, and D'Oliveira, Rafael G. L.
Subjects: Computer Science - Information Theory, Computer Science - Cryptography and Security
Abstract: In $(t, n)$-threshold secret sharing, a secret $S$ is distributed among $n$ participants such that any subset of size $t$ can recover $S$, while any subset of size $t-1$ or fewer learns nothing about it. For information-theoretic secret sharing, it is known that the share size must be at least as large as the secret, i.e., $|S|$. When computational security is employed using cryptographic encryption with a secret key $K$, previous work has shown that the share size can be reduced to $\tfrac{|S|}{t} + |K|$. In this paper, we present a construction achieving a share size of $\tfrac{|S| + |K|}{t}$. Furthermore, we prove that, under reasonable assumptions on the encryption scheme -- namely, the non-compressibility of pseudorandom encryption and the non-redundancy of the secret key -- this share size is optimal.
Published: 2025

46. H-MBR: Hypervisor-level Memory Bandwidth Reservation for Mixed Criticality Systems

Author: Oliveira, Afonso, Costa, Diogo, Moreira, Gonçalo, Martins, José, and Pinto, Sandro
Subjects: Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control
Abstract: Recent advancements in fields such as automotive and aerospace have driven a growing demand for robust computational resources. Applications that were once designed for basic MCUs are now deployed on highly heterogeneous SoC platforms. While these platforms deliver the necessary computational performance, they also present challenges related to resource sharing and predictability. These challenges are particularly pronounced when consolidating safety and non-safety-critical systems, the so-called Mixed-Criticality Systems (MCS) to adhere to strict SWaP-C requirements. MCS consolidation on shared platforms requires stringent spatial and temporal isolation to comply with functional safety standards. Virtualization, mainly leveraged by hypervisors, is a key technology that ensures spatial isolation across multiple OSes and applications; however, ensuring temporal isolation remains challenging due to contention on shared hardwar resources, which impacts real-time performance and predictability. To mitigate this problem, several strategies as cache coloring and memory bandwidth reservation have been proposed. Although cache coloring is typically implemented on state-of-the-art hypervisors, memory bandwidth reservation approaches are commonly implemented at the Linux kernel level or rely on dedicated hardware and typically do not consider the concept of VMs that can run different OSes. To fill the gap between current memory bandwidth reservation solutions and the deployment of MCSs that operate on a hypervisor, this work introduces H-MBR, an open-source VM-centric memory bandwidth reservation mechanism. H-MBR features (i) VM-centric bandwidth reservation, (ii) OS and platform agnosticism, and (iii) reduced overhead. Empirical results evidenced no overhead on non-regulated workloads, and negligible overhead (<1%) for regulated workloads for regulation periods of 2 us or higher.
Published: 2025

47. Type-II Seesaw Mechanism for Dirac Neutrinos and its Implications on $N_{\text{eff}}$ and Lepton Flavor Violation

Author: Angel, Lucia, Escalona, Patricio, Oliveira, Vinícius, Pires, C. A. de S., and Queiroz, Farinaldo S.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract: The type II seesaw is a popular mechanism for generating Majorana neutrino masses at the right scale, with well-known implications for Lepton Flavor Violation. In a non-abelian extension of the Standard Model featuring a Z' field, the type-II seesaw mechanism for Dirac neutrino masses naturally arises by imposing lepton number conservation and adding a soft-term breaking a $Z_2$ symmetry of the model. As expected, there are interesting outcomes for $\mu \rightarrow e \gamma$, but we noticed that the number of relativistic neutrinos, $N_{\text{eff}}$, has a greater impact driven by processes involving the $Z'$ boson and right-handed neutrinos. The presence of a gauge symmetry behind the physical processes, allows us to explore an interesting interplay between the type II seesaw, lepton flavor violation and $N_{\text{eff}}$. We find that using the indicated value by Planck $N_{\text{eff}}=2.99^{0.34}_{0.33}$ we impose constraints on the masses of the doubly charged scalar and Z' fields which are complementarity to direct searches at colliders.
Published: 2025

48. Event-Triggered Newton-Based Extremum Seeking Control

Author: Rodrigues, Victor Hugo Pereira, Oliveira, Tiago Roux, Krstic, Miroslav, and Tabuada, Paulo
Subjects: Mathematics - Optimization and Control, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control
Abstract: This paper proposes the incorporation of static event-triggered control in the actuation path of Newton-based extremum seeking and its comparison with the earlier gradient version. As in the continuous methods, the convergence rate of the gradient approach depends on the unknown Hessian of the nonlinear map to be optimized, whereas the proposed event-triggered Newton-based extremum seeking eliminates this dependence, becoming user-assignable. This is achieved by means of a dynamic estimator for the Hessian's inverse, implemented as a Riccati equation filter. Lyapunov stability and averaging theory for discontinuous systems are applied to analyze the closed-loop system. Local exponential practical stability is guaranteed to a small neighborhood of the extremum point of scalar and static maps. Numerical simulations illustrate the advantages of the proposed approach over the previous gradient method, including improved convergence speed, followed by a reduction in the amplitude and updating frequency of the control signals., Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures
Published: 2025

49. Multivariable Stochastic Newton-Based Extremum Seeking with Delays

Author: Silva, Paulo Cesar Souza, Pellanda, Paulo Cesar, and Oliveira, Tiago Roux
Subjects: Mathematics - Optimization and Control, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control
Abstract: This paper presents a Newton-based stochastic extremum-seeking control method for real-time optimization in multi-input systems with distinct input delays. It combines predictor-based feedback and Hessian inverse estimation via stochastic perturbations to enable delay compensation with user-defined convergence rates. The method ensures exponential stability and convergence near the unknown extremum, even under long delays. It extends to multi-input, single-output systems with cross-coupled channels. Stability is analyzed using backstepping and infinite-dimensional averaging. Numerical simulations demonstrate its effectiveness in handling time-delayed channels, showcasing both the challenges and benefits of real-time optimization in distributed parameter settings., Comment: 28 pages, 13 figures
Published: 2025

50. Emamectin benzoate sensing using vivianenes (2D vivianites)

Author: Slathia, Surbhi, Ipaves, Bruno, de Oliveira, Raphael Benjamim, Fabris, Guilherme da Silva Lopes, Júnior, Marcelo Lopes Pereira, Tromer, Raphael Matozo, Costin, Gelu, Sarkar, Suman, Galvao, Douglas Soares, and Tiwary, Chandra Sekhar
Subjects: Physics - Chemical Physics, Physics - Biological Physics
Abstract: The excessive application of pesticides, particularly the overreliance on insecticides for the protection of desirable crops from pests, has posed a significant threat to both ecological systems and human health due to environmental pollution. This research outlines a comprehensive approach to recognizing and quantifying the presence of insecticides through the application of spectroscopic and electrochemical sensing methods. The detection of Emamectin benzoate (EB), a commonly used insecticide, was performed utilizing vivianenes, a 2D phosphate that has been mechanically exfoliated from the naturally occurring vivianite minerals. This investigation examined the structural and compositional characteristics of vivianenes, utilizing a range of characterization methods. The spectroscopic analyses reveal the molecular interactions and structural modifications that take place during the interaction of EB with the 2D template. Electrochemical investigations employing cyclic voltammetry were performed for different concentrations of EB to enable real-time monitoring of the pesticide. The modified sensing electrode using vivianene demonstrated a linear range of from 50 mg/L to 10 micro g/L, effectively detecting EB molecules at levels significantly below the hazardous threshold. Fully atomistic molecular dynamics simulations were also carried out to obtain further insights into the interaction mechanisms of the EB with the vivianites, and the results corroborate the adsorption mechanism. Our results highlight the potential application of 2D phosphate minerals as advanced sensors to enhance agricultural monitoring and promote sustainable development.
Published: 2025

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