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The article in the Journal of Cutaneous Pathology discusses the case of a patient with proliferative nodules within a large congenital melanocytic nevus harboring a novel LMNA-RAF1 fusion. The patient had multiple similar nodules develop and regress over time, with one nodule excised for examination. The findings suggested an atypical, yet benign proliferative nodule, with molecular analysis revealing a LMNA::RAF1 fusion supporting a Spitz pathway lesion. The article highlights the importance of comprehensive molecular analysis in diagnosing ambiguous melanocytic tumors and discusses the potential treatment options for such cases. [Extracted from the article]

Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate mir-31-5p as a prognostic biomarker of keloid disease (KD) recurrence using a retrospective, treatment naïve, surgical cohort of head and neck KD cases from Henry Ford Health., Methods: Using a tissue microarray, mir-31-5p expression was measured with miRNAscope, and mir-31-5p cell positivity was determined with QuPath. Logistic regression was used to test the association between mir-31-5p positive cells and KD recurrence at 1 year. In an independent dataset, associations between mir-31-5p and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression were assessed. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis identified target genes and pathways impacted by mir-31-5p., Results: Of the 58 KD patients, 42 (72%) received adjuvant triamcinolone injections, and 8 recurred (14%). mir-31-5p was expressed in 48 (83%) specimens. Increasing mir-31-5p expression was associated with decreased risk of recurrence ( p  = .031), with an odds ratio of 0.86 (95% CI 0.75-0.98) for each 20% increase in mir-31-5p cellular positivity. This effect persisted with triamcinolone treatment (odds ratio 0.82; 95% CI 0.71-0.95; p  = .015). mir-31-5p correlated with gene expression enriched in KD pathways, including mRNA splicing and autophagy., Conclusion: Taken together, our data supports the association between mir-31-5p expression and KD recurrence. Its potential as a prognostic biomarker should be further investigated., Level of Evidence: Level 2., Competing Interests: The authors have no financial disclosures or conflicts of interest., (© 2024 The Author(s). Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Triological Society.)