Search

ABSTRACT Aim(s) Design Methods Results Conclusion Impact Patient and Public Contribution This study reports on the implementation of a registered advanced nurse practitioner intervention. Aims include improving access, service user outcomes and integration between primary and secondary care.This paper reports the quantitative results of a mixed methods implementation study. Qualitative data are reported separately. The PARiHS framework informs the implementation process itself, with considerations for nurses and other healthcare professionals explored.The CORE‐OM 34 item rating scale was administered both pre‐ and post‐intervention. Service user attendances in secondary care was monitored.Findings suggest that the intervention was associated with clinically significant improvements in global or generic distress, reported by service users, as evidenced by changes in the CORE‐OM scores. Access to care was recorded at an average of 3.6 days. Implementation science supported effective and safe implementation with clear governance structures.Registered advanced nurse practice in mental health clinics which provide full episodes of care results in improved integration and may be associated with positive patient outcomes. Implementation science is taught on Irish nursing programmes and this is important if innovative services are to be embedded in the healthcare system.The development of a model of care for mental health Registered Advanced Nurse Practitioners at the interface of primary and secondary care settings may be merited. Positive Advanced Recovery Connections may be associated with improving mental health outcomes and bolstering integration of primary and secondary care services. The utilisation of implementation science highlights the need for collaboration with all stakeholders to overcome barriers and recognise facilitators to attain the necessary model of integrated care.Peer recovery input was provided by members of the service Recovery College, with participation evident in all stages of the project. The psychosocial assessment template was also co‐designed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Proteomic investigations result in high dimensional datasets, but integration or comparison of different studies is hampered by high variances due to different experimental setups. In addition, cell culture conditions can have a huge impact on the outcome. This study systematically investigates the impact of experimental parameters on the proteomic profiles of commonly used cell lines-A549, differentiated THP-1 macrophage-like cells, and NR8383-for toxicity studies. The work focuses on analyzing the influence at the proteome level of cell culture setup involving different vessels, cell passage numbers, and post-differentiation harvesting time, aiming to improve the reliability of proteomic analyses for hazard assessment. Mass-spectrometry-based proteomics was utilized for accurate protein quantification by means of a label-free approach. Our results showed that significant proteome variations occur when cells are cultivated under different setups. Further analysis of these variations revealed their association to specific cellular pathways related to protein misfolding, oxidative stress, and proteasome activity. Conversely, the influence of cell passage numbers on the proteome is minor, suggesting a reliable range for conducting reproducible biological replicates. Notable, substantial proteome alterations occur over-time post-differentiation of dTHP-1 cells, particularly impacting pathways crucial for macrophage function. This finding is key for the interpretation of experimental results. These results highlight the need for standardized culture conditions in proteomic-based evaluations of treatment effects to ensure reliable results, a prerequisite for achieving regulatory acceptance of proteomics data., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Using a diverse array of thermally robust phosphine enediyne ligands (dxpeb, X = Ph, Ph- p OCH 3 , Ph- p CF 3 , Ph- m 2 CH 3 , Ph- m 2 CF 3 , i Pr, Cy, and t Bu) a novel suite of cisplatin-like Pt(ii) metalloenediynes (3, Pt(dxpeb)Cl 2 ) has been synthesized and represents unique electronic perturbations on thermal Bergman cyclization kinetics. Complexes 3e (Ph- m 2 CF 3 ) and 3f ( i Pr) are the first of this structure type to be crystallographically characterized with inter alkyne termini distances (3e: 3.13 Å; 3f: 3.10 Å) at the lower end of the widely accepted critical distance range within which enediynes should demonstrate spontaneous ambient temperature cyclization. Despite different electronic profiles, these metalloenediynes adopt a rigid, uniform structure suggesting complexes of the form Pt(dxpeb)Cl 2 have orthogonalized geometric and electronic contributions to thermal Bergman cyclization. Kinetic activation parameters determined using 31 P NMR spectroscopy highlight the dramatic reactivity and thermal tunability of these complexes. At room temperature, the half-life ( t 1/2 ) of cyclization spans a range of ∼35 hours and for the aryl phosphine derivatives, cycloaromatization rates are 10-30 times faster for complexes with electron donating substituents (3b: Ph- p OCH 3 ; 3d: Ph- m 2 CH 3 ) compared to those with electron withdrawing substituents (3c: Ph- p CF 3 ; 3e: Ph- m 2 CF 3 ). Computational interrogation of the aryl phosphine metalloenediynes 3a-3e reveals that the origin of this precise electronic control derives from electronic withdrawing group-mediated alkyne carbon polarization that amplifies coulombic repulsion increasing the cyclization barrier height. Additionally, mixing between the in-plane π-orbitals and the phosphine aryl ring system is pronounced for complexes with electron donating substituents which stabilizes the developing C-C bond and lowers the activation barrier. This π-orbital mixing is negligible however, for complexes with electron withdrawing substituents due to an energetic mismatch of the orbital systems. Overall, this work demonstrates that for geometrically rigid frameworks, even remote enediyne functionalization can have pronounced effects on activation barrier., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest to declare., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)

Nitroso compounds, R-N=O, are common intermediates in organic synthesis, and are typically amenable to storage and manipulation at ambient temperature under aerobic conditions. By contrast, phosphorus-containing analogues, such as R-P=O (R = OH, CH 3 , OCH 3 , Ph), are extremely reactive and need to be studied in inert gas matrices at ultralow temperatures (3-15 K). These species are believed to be key intermediates in the degradation/combustion of organic phosphorus compounds, a class of chemicals that includes chemical warfare agents and flame retardants. Here we describe the isolation of a two-coordinate phosphorus(III) oxide under ambient conditions, enabled by the use of an extremely bulky amine ligand. Reactivity studies reveal that the phosphorus centre can be readily oxidized, and that in doing so, the P-O bond remains intact, an observation that is of interest to the proposed reactivity of transient phosphorus(III) oxides., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.)

Despite their potential relevance as molecular models for industrial and biological catalysis, well-defined mononuclear iron carbide complexes are unknown, in part due to the limited number of appropriate C 1 synthons. Here, we show the ability of the cyaphide anion (C≡P - ) to serve as a C 1 source. The high spin ( S = 2) cyaphide complex PhB( t BuIm) 3 Fe-C≡P (PhB( t BuIm) 3 - = phenyl(tris(3- tert -butylimidazol-2-ylidene)borate) is readily accessed using the new cyaphide transfer reagent [Mg( Dipp NacNac)(CP)] 2 ( Dipp NacNac = CH{C(CH 3 )N(Dipp)} 2 and Dipp = 2,6-di(iso-propyl)phenyl). Phosphorus atom abstraction is effected by the three-coordinate Mo(III) complex Mo(N t BuAr) 3 (Ar = 3,5-Me 2 C 6 H 3 ), which produces the known phosphide ( t BuArN) 3 Mo≡P along with a transient iron carbide complex PhB( t BuIm) 3 Fe≡C. Electronic structure calculations reveal that PhB( t BuIm) 3 Fe≡C adopts a doublet ground state with nonzero spin density on the carbide ligand. While isolation of this complex is thwarted by rapid dimerization to afford the corresponding diiron ethynediyl complex, the carbide can be intercepted by styrene to provide an iron alkylidene.

Steric manipulation is a known concept in molecular recognition but there is currently no linear free energy relationship correlating sterics to the stability of receptor-anion complexes nor to the reactivity of the bound anion. By analogy to Tolman cone angles in cation coordination chemistry, we explore how to define and correlate cone angles of organo-trifluoroborates (R-BF 3 - ) to the affinities observed for cyanostar-anion binding. We extend the analogy to a rare investigation of the anion's reactivity and how it changes upon binding. The substituent on the anion is used to define the cone angle, θ. A series of 10 anions were studied including versions with ethynyl, ethylene, and ethyl substituents to tune steric bulk across the sp, sp 2 and sp 3 hybridized α-carbons bearing 0, 1 and 2 hydrogen atoms. A linear relationship between affinity and cone angle is observed for anions bearing substituents larger than the -BF 3 - headgroup. This correlation predicted affinities of two new anions to within ±5 %. We explored how complexation affects the reactivity of fluoride exchange. The yield of fluoride transfer from R-BF 3 - to Lewis acid triphenylborane is correlated with cone angle. We predict that other rigid macrocycles, like commercially available bambusuril, could follow these trends., (© 2024 The Authors. Angewandte Chemie International Edition published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) from chiral molecules is attracting much attention due to its potential use in optical materials. However, formulation of CPL emitters as molecular solids typically deteriorates photophysical properties in the aggregated state leading to quenching and unpredictable changes in CPL behavior impeding materials development. To circumvent these shortcomings, a supramolecular approach can be used to isolate cationic dyes in a lattice of cyanostar-anion complexes that suppress aggregation-caused quenching and which we hypothesize can preserve the synthetically-crafted chiroptical properties. Herein, we verify that supramolecular assembly of small-molecule ionic isolation lattices (SMILES) allows translation of molecular ECD and CPL properties to solids. A series of cationic helicenes that display increasing chiroptical response is investigated. Crystal structures of three different packing motifs all show spatial isolation of dyes by the anion complexes. We observe the photophysical and chiroptical properties of all helicenes are seamlessly translated to water soluble nanoparticles by the SMILES method. Also, a DMQA helicene is used as FRET acceptor in SMILES nanoparticles of intensely absorbing rhodamine antennae to generate an 18-fold boost in CPL brightness. These features offer promise for reliably accessing bright materials with programmable CPL properties., (© 2024 The Author(s). Angewandte Chemie International Edition published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

The reaction of equimolar trimethylsilyldiazomethyllithium (LiTMSD) with high spin ( S = 2) PhB(AdIm) 3 FeCl (PhB(AdIm) 3 - = tris(3-adamantylimidazol-2-ylidene)phenylborate) affords the corresponding N- nitrilimido complex PhB(AdIm) 3 Fe-N═N═C(SiMe 3 ). This complex can be converted to the thermodynamically more favorable C -isocyanoamido isomer PhB(AdIm) 3 Fe-C═N═N(SiMe 3 ) by reaction with an additional equivalent of LiTMSD. While the iron(II) complexes are four-coordinate, the diazomethane is bound side-on in the iron(I) congener PhB(AdIm) 3 Fe( N , N '-κ 2 -N 2 C(H)Si(CH 3 ) 3 ). The latter complex adopts high spin ( S = 3/2) ground state and features an unusually weak C-H bond. Photolysis of the iron(II) complexes induces N═N bond cleavage, with the iron(II) cyanide PhB(AdIm) 3 Fe-C≡N and iron(IV) nitride PhB(AdIm) 3 Fe≡N complexes being the major products of the reaction. The same products are obtained when the iron(I) complex is photolyzed or treated with a fluoride source. The trimethylsilyldiazomethane-derived ligand disassembly reactions are contrasted with those observed for related tris(carbene)amine complexes.

Proteomic investigations yield high-dimensional datasets, yet their application to large-scale toxicological assessments is hindered by reproducibility challenges due to fluctuating measurement conditions. To address these limitations, this study introduces an advanced tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling protocol. Although labeling approaches shorten data acquisition time by multiplexing samples compared to traditional label-free quantification (LFQ) methods in general, the associated costs may surge significantly with large sample sets, for example, in toxicological screenings. However, the introduced advanced protocol offers an efficient, cost-effective alternative, reducing TMT reagent usage (by a factor of ten) and requiring minimal biological material (1 µg), while demonstrating increased reproducibility compared to LFQ. To demonstrate its effectiveness, the advanced protocol is employed to assess the toxicity of nine benchmark nanomaterials (NMs) on A549 lung epithelial cells. While LFQ measurements identify 3300 proteins, they proved inadequate to reveal NM toxicity. Conversely, despite detecting 2600 proteins, the TMT protocol demonstrates superior sensitivity by uncovering alterations induced by NM treatment. In contrast to previous studies, the introduced advanced protocol allows simultaneous and straightforward assessment of multiple test substances, enabling prioritization, ranking, and grouping for hazard evaluation. Additionally, it fosters the development of New Approach Methodologies (NAMs), contributing to innovative methodologies in toxicological research., (© 2024 The Author(s). Small Methods published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Insect monitoring is essential to design effective conservation strategies, which are indispensable to mitigate worldwide declines and biodiversity loss. For this purpose, traditional monitoring methods are widely established and can provide data with a high taxonomic resolution. However, processing of captured insect samples is often time-consuming and expensive, which limits the number of potential replicates. Automated monitoring methods can facilitate data collection at a higher spatiotemporal resolution with a comparatively lower effort and cost. Here, we present the Insect Detect DIY (do-it-yourself) camera trap for non-invasive automated monitoring of flower-visiting insects, which is based on low-cost off-the-shelf hardware components combined with open-source software. Custom trained deep learning models detect and track insects landing on an artificial flower platform in real time on-device and subsequently classify the cropped detections on a local computer. Field deployment of the solar-powered camera trap confirmed its resistance to high temperatures and humidity, which enables autonomous deployment during a whole season. On-device detection and tracking can estimate insect activity/abundance after metadata post-processing. Our insect classification model achieved a high top-1 accuracy on the test dataset and generalized well on a real-world dataset with captured insect images. The camera trap design and open-source software are highly customizable and can be adapted to different use cases. With custom trained detection and classification models, as well as accessible software programming, many possible applications surpassing our proposed deployment method can be realized., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2024 Sittinger et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)

We report a neutral high-spin diradical of chiral C 2 -symmetric bis[5]diazahelicene with Δ E ST ≈ 0.4 kcal mol -1 , as determined by EPR spectroscopy/SQUID magnetometry. The diradical is the most persistent among all high-spin aminyl radicals reported to date by a factor of 20, with a half-life of up to 6 days in 2-MeTHF at room temperature. Its triplet ground state and excellent persistence may be associated with the unique spin density distribution within the dihydrophenazine moiety, which characterizes two effective 3-electron C-N bonds analogous to the N-O bond of a nitroxide radical. The enantiomerically enriched (ee ≥ 94%) ( MM )- and ( PP )-enantiomers of the precursors to the diradicals are obtained by either preparative chiral supercritical fluid chromatography or resolution via functionalization with the chiral auxiliary of the C 2 -symmetric racemic tetraamine. The barrier for the racemization of the solid tetraamine is Δ G ‡ = 43 ± 0.01 kcal mol -1 in the 483-523 K range. The experimentally estimated lower limit of the barrier for the racemization of a diradical, Δ G ‡ ≥ 26 kcal mol -1 in 2-MeTHF at 293 K, is comparable to the DFT-determined barrier of Δ G ‡ = 31 kcal mol -1 in the gas phase at 298 K. While the enantiomerically pure tetraamine displays strong chiroptical properties, with anisotropy factor | g | = |Δε|/ε = 0.036 at 376 nm, | g | ≈ 0.005 at 548 nm of the high-spin diradical is comparable to that recently reported triplet ground-state diradical dication. Notably, the radical anion intermediate in the generation of diradical exhibits a large SOMO-HOMO inversion, SHI = 35 kcal mol -1 .

The Fiber Pathogenicity Paradigm (FPP) establishes connections between fiber structure, durability, and disease-causing potential observed in materials like asbestos and synthetic fibers. While emerging nanofibers are anticipated to exhibit pathogenic traits according to the FPP, their nanoscale diameter limits rigidity, leading to tangling and loss of fiber characteristics. The absence of validated rigidity measurement methods complicates nanofiber toxicity assessment. By comprehensively analyzing 89 transcriptomics and 37 proteomics studies, this study aims to enhance carbon material toxicity understanding and proposes an alternative strategy to assess morphology-driven toxicity. Carbon materials are categorized as non-fibrous, high aspect ratio with shorter lengths, tangled, and rigid fibers. Mitsui-7 serves as a benchmark for pathogenic fibers. The meta-analysis reveals distinct cellular changes for each category, effectively distinguishing rigid fibers from other carbon materials. Subsequently, a robust random forest model is developed to predict morphology, unveiling the pathogenicity of previously deemed non-pathogenic NM-400 due to its secondary structures. This study fills a crucial gap in nanosafety by linking toxicological effects to material morphology, in particular regarding fibers. It demonstrates the significant impact of morphology on toxicological behavior and the necessity of integrating morphological considerations into regulatory frameworks., (© 2023 The Authors. Advanced Science published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)