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Abstract Fatigue failure is invariably the most crucial failure mode for metallic structural components. Most microstructural strategies for enhancing fatigue resistance are effective in suppressing either crack initiation or propagation, but often do not work for both synergistically. Here, we demonstrate that this challenge can be overcome by architecting a gradient structure featuring a surface layer of nacre-like nanolaminates followed by multi-variant twinned structure in pure titanium. The polarized accommodation of highly regulated grain boundaries in the nanolaminated layer to cyclic loading enhances the structural stability against lamellar thickening and microstructure softening, thereby delaying surface roughening and thus crack nucleation. The decohesion of the nanolaminated grains along horizonal high-angle grain boundaries gives rise to an extraordinarily high frequency (≈1.7 × 103 times per mm) of fatigue crack deflection, effectively reducing fatigue crack propagation rate (by 2 orders of magnitude lower than the homogeneous coarse-grained counterpart). These intriguing features of the surface nanolaminates, along with the various toughening mechanisms activated in the subsurface twinned structure, result in a fatigue resistance that significantly exceeds those of the homogeneous and gradient structures with equiaxed grains. Our work on architecting the surface nanolaminates in gradient structure provides a scalable and sustainable strategy for designing more fatigue-resistant alloys.

C30H29MnN6 O7V2, triclinic, P 1‾ $\overline{1}$ (no. 2), a = 9.0806(3) Å, b = 11.1937(3) Å, c = 16.3585(5) Å, α = 102.2430(10)°, β = 100.090(1)°, γ = 97.7410(10)°, V = 1574.09(8) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt (F) = 0.0335, wRref (F 2) = 0.0886, T = 100 K.

Abstract Previous published data have confirmed that the addition of a citric acid meal improves the accuracy of the 13C-urea breath test (13C-UBT). However, some studies have suggested that a citric acid test meal may not be necessary. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the combination of a 13C-UBT with a citric acid meal for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection in a Chinese population, particularly for patients with results in the gray zone. In this paired self-controlled study, all subjects had previously undergone 13C-UBTs without citric acid meals and were randomly divided into two groups based on different doses of citric acid (a low-dose citric acid group and a high-dose citric acid group, comprising meals with 0.68 g and 3.84 g citric acid powder, respectively). Positive rapid urease test (CLO) test and histology results were considered the 'gold standard'. The mean delta over baseline (DOB) value, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy were compared between the two groups, particularly for patients with results in the gray zone. In total, 285 patients were tested. Of these patients, 189 were included in the low-dose citric acid group, and 96 were included in the high-dose citric acid group. Among patients with a positive 13C-UBT result without citric acid [delta over baseline (DOB) value ≥ 4‰, n = 174] and a negative 13C-UBT result without citric acid (DOB value

Objective(s): Proliferation and migration of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) contribute to hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (HPH). The transcription factor Cbp/p300-interacting transactivator with Glu/Asp-rich carboxy-terminal domain 2 (Cited2) has been implicated in the control of tumor cells and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) and cardiomyocyte growth or migration. Whether Cited2 is involved in the proliferation and migration of PASMCs and the underlying mechanisms deserve to be explored. Materials and Methods: Cited2 expression was detected in rat PASMCs under hypoxia conditions and HPH rat models. The effect of Cited2 on the proliferation and migration of PASMC was detected by overexpression or knockdown of the Cited2 gene. After PAMSCs were treated with recombinant TGF-β1 and the lentivirus vector overexpressing Cited2, expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) was examined by western blotting.Results: We revealed that hypoxia down-regulated the expression of Cited2 in PASMCs and rat pulmonary arteries. Cited2 overexpression inhibited the proliferation and migration of PASMCs under hypoxia, while Cited2 knockdown induced the proliferation and migration of PASMCs. Cited2 inhibits the negative regulation of the TGF-β1 pathway on PPARγ to inhibit the proliferation and migration of PASMCs.Conclusion: These findings suggest that increased Cited2 expression contributes to the inhibition of PASMCs proliferation and migration by regulating TGF-β1-mediated target gene expression in HPH and provides a new target for molecular therapy of HPH.

Abstract High or medium- entropy alloys (HEAs/MEAs) are multi-principal element alloys with equal atomic elemental composition, some of which have shown record-breaking mechanical performance. However, the link between short-range order (SRO) and the exceptional mechanical properties of these alloys has remained elusive. The local destruction of SRO by dislocation glide has been predicted to lead to a rejuvenated state with increased entropy and free energy, creating softer zones within the matrix and planar fault boundaries that enhance the ductility, but this has not been verified. Here, we integrate in situ nanomechanical testing with energy-filtered four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM) and directly observe the rejuvenation during cyclic mechanical loading in single crystal CrCoNi at room temperature. Surprisingly, stacking faults (SFs) and twin boundaries (TBs) are reversible in initial cycles but become irreversible after a thousand cycles, indicating SF energy reduction and rejuvenation. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation further reveals that the local breakdown of SRO in the MEA triggers these SF reversibility changes. As a result, the deformation features in HEAs/MEAs remain planar and highly localized to the rejuvenated planes, leading to the superior damage tolerance characteristic in this class of alloys.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of Hepatitis E virus (HEV) among blood donors in Wuhan urban agglomeration, aimed at providing data support for the development of HEV screening strategies for blood donors. Methods A total of 3 329 blood samples were collected from four centralized testing areas (Ezhou, Tianmen, Xiantao and Qianjiang) and screened at Wuhan Blood Center from January to December 2021. Among them, 2 737 were eligible blood samples with normal ALT (ALT normal group) and 592 were with elevated ALT (ALT elevated group). Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect anti-HEV IgG, anti-HEV IgM and HEV-Ag, and Real-time PCR was used to perform single HEV RNA detection on blood samples with elevated ALT and normal ALT anti-HEV IgM+ blood samples. A two-sided Pearson’s chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test was used to evaluate the differences in the positive rates of anti-HEV IgG and anti-HEV IgM in different regions and ALT groups. Results The overall positive rates of anti-HEV IgG, anti-HEV IgM, and HEV-Ag in 3 329 blood samples from four regions were 21.63%, 1.29%, and 0%, respectively. There was a significant difference in the positive rates of anti-HEV IgG among blood donors in different regions (P

It is still a challenging task to perform the semantic segmentation with high accuracy due to the complexity of real picture scenes. Many semantic segmentation methods based on traditional deep learning insufficiently captured the semantic and appearance information of images, which put limit on their generality and robustness for various application scenes. Thus, in this paper, we proposed a novel strategy that reformulated the popularly used convolution operation to multi-layer convolutional sparse coding block in semantic segmentation method to ease the aforementioned deficiency. To prove the effectiveness of our idea, we chose the widely used U-Net model for the demonstration purpose, and we designed CSC-Unet model series based on U-Net. Through extensive analysis and experiments, we provided credible evidence showing that the multi-layer convolutional sparse coding block enables semantic segmentation model to converge faster, extract finer semantic and appearance information of images, and improve the ability to recover spatial detail information. The best CSC-Unet model significantly outperforms the results of the original U-Net on three public datasets with different scenarios, i.e., 87.14% vs. 84.71% on DeepCrack dataset, 68.91% vs. 67.09% on Nuclei dataset, and 53.68% vs. 48.82% on CamVid dataset, respectively. In addition, the proposed strategy could be possibly used to significantly improve segmentation performance of any semantic segmentation model that involves convolution operations and the corresponding code is available at https://github.com/NZWANG/CSC-Unet.

[Objective] In the rapidly evolving landscape of digital technology, cloud computing is widely utilized in various industries including metro systems. To ensure passenger travel safety and achieve real-time acquisition and efficient analysis of large-scale passenger flow data, it is necessary to propose an elastic cluster cloud platform tailored for passenger flow analysis scenarios. [Method] The core functional requirements of the above platform are analyzed, and the architecture of it is proposed, highlighting the platform unique capabilities. Two deployment plans for the elastic cluster cloud platform are put forward for metro systems at different stages of development, and the pros and cons of each deployment plan are analyzed. Taking Shanghai Metro as example, the investment costs of the deployment plans are compared based on capability requirements. The alignment between the architecture of the elastic cluster cloud platform and the characteristics of metro passenger flow analysis business is also examined. [Result & Conclusion] Metro passenger flow analysis scenarios exhibit characteristics such as multi-system concurrency, high real-time requirements, and large data volume. The elastic cluster cloud platform can meet various demands of passenger flow analysis business.

Following the Belt and Road, the Air Silk Road has also been proposed. The coordinated development of multiple transportation modes, including air, land, and water, will create a strong transportation force in node cities. However, the current insufficient supply of cargo in various regions and the lack of integration among different transportation modes result in low transportation efficiency, which in turn affects the further advancement of the Belt and Road. To investigate these issues and attempt to find a solution, we selected 44 candidate cities from the prefecture-level cities in China as nodes based on relevant government policies, and constructed an integrated transportation network. For each node city, we first calculated the values of six classical indicators and then used the CRITIC to assign weights to each indicator. Subsequently, we employed the TOPSIS method combined with Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) to compute the comprehensive score for each node city. Based on the spatial layout and government policies under the BRI, eight cities, including Wuhan, Chongqing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Lianyungang, Hefei, and Dalian, were finally recommended as the consolidation centers of the integrated transportation network. It is hoped that the results of this analysis can provide some insights for the government to outline and build the consolidation centers of the integrated transportation network composed of railway, air, highway, and water routes, which in turn can offer insights for elevating the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) to a new level.

Colon cancer (COAD) is a common malignancy, yet its etiology is not fully elucidated. This study gathered endocytosis-related genes, using gene expression profiles from TCGA databases to categorize molecular subtypes of COAD into Cluster1 and Cluster2 based on genes related to endocytosis, and further explored the connection between the two molecular subtypes and prognostic characteristics. Differential expression analysis of the two subtypes revealed 3412 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), whose functions were remarkably enriched in the cellular metastasis and oxidative phosphorylation in Cluster1 by fGSEA. Additionally, Cluster1 exhibited higher expression levels of DEGs associated with immune infiltration and metabolism in comparison to Cluster2 by GSVA, and TIDE scores indicated patients with Cluster2 may benefit more from immunotherapy. Based on the DEGs, we utilized univariate Cox regression to identify 759 prognostic genes, which were then screened by three machine learning models (Lasso, RF, SVM-RFE) simultaneously, resulting in four feature genes: NEK4, MED13, OXSR1, and SLAIN2. Moreover, in Cluter1, these feature genes displayed consistent positive or negative correlations with immune escape-related and metabolic reprogramming-related pathways and genes in Pearson heatmap. There results suggesting that there are significant differences in immune escape and metabolic reprogramming between colon cancer subtypes Cluster1 and Cluster2 as determined by genes according to endocytosis.

The idea of a digital China was introduced at the 19th Party Congress, after which all regions of the nation launched to vigorously promote digital management, particularly in areas where population conflicts are more prevalent. This was done in order to improve governance capacity through the use of digital technology, which has since become the main goal of the current modernization of China’s overall governance system. The issues encountered are still rather noticeable as we work to improve the capability of digital governance. As an example of Meiyuan Xincun community’s attention on its digital governance capability to increase the difficulties encountered by the analysis, and so put up the corresponding ideal remedies, this article is primarily for the urban community digital governance status quo analysis

Six benzophenone derivatives, carneusones A-F (1–6), along with seven known compounds (7–13) were isolated from a strain of sponge-derived marine fungus Aspergillus carneus GXIMD00543. Their chemical structures were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic data and quantum chemical calculations. Compounds 5, 6, and 8 exhibited moderate anti-inflammatory activity on NO secretion using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells with EC50 values of 34.6 ± 0.9, 20.2 ± 1.8, and 26.8 ± 1.7 μM, while 11 showed potent effect with an EC50 value of 2.9 ± 0.1 μM.

In this study, twelve polymorphic microsatellite loci were screened to evaluate the genetic diversity of five yellow drum (Nibea albiflora) populations in the Zhoushan Sea region of the East China Sea, including one wild population (WP), one artificially propagated population (common population, CP), and three breeding populations (parent population, F4; all-female population, AF; and neo-male population, NeoG). The results of genetic diversity analyses showed that all five yellow drum populations had relatively high genetic diversity, with the highest in WP and the lowest in NeoG. Genetic structure analyses showed that the level of genetic differentiation among populations was low, with that between CP and F4 being the largest, whereas that between CP and WP was the smallest. Mutation–drift equilibrium analysis showed that the five populations likely did not experience a recent bottleneck. Our results suggest the CP population was the most suitable for large-scale release for stock enhancement, and precautionary measures shall be taken for the AF population before it is used for cage culture to avoid potential genetic concerns of the wild population. Nevertheless, further genetic diversity monitoring is needed to evaluate genetic effects and avoid the negative impact of excessive genetic differentiation between breeding and wild populations.