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Abstract Genetically diverse populations can increase plant resistance to natural enemies. Yet, beneficial genotype pairs remain elusive due to the occurrence of positive or negative effects of mixed planting on plant resistance, respectively called associational resistance or susceptibility. Here, we identify key genotype pairs responsible for associational resistance to herbivory using the genome-wide polymorphism data of the plant species Arabidopsis thaliana. To quantify neighbor interactions among 199 genotypes grown in a randomized block design, we employ a genome-wide association method named “Neighbor GWAS” and genomic prediction inspired by the Ising model of magnetics. These analyses predict that 823 of the 19,701 candidate pairs can reduce herbivory in mixed planting. We planted three pairs with the predicted effects in mixtures and monocultures, and detected 18–30% reductions in herbivore damage in the mixed planting treatment. Our study shows the power of genomic prediction to assemble genotype mixtures with positive biodiversity effects.

Abstract Background The use of soft coagulation is becoming common in thoracic surgery. Soft coagulation provides rapid hemostasis from small vessels during surgery by dehydrating tissue and denaturing proteins, without burning the tissue. Case presentation A 68-year-old man, with a history of right lower lobectomy 3 years prior, underwent a partial resection of the right upper lobe for a pulmonary nodule suspicious for secondary lung cancer. During the surgery, dissection of the adhesion caused a bleeding from the 6th intercostal artery, and hemostasis was achieved using soft coagulation (some degree of tissue carbonization was noticed at later mortality and morbidity conference). He experienced hemoptysis at postoperative day 18 and was transferred to our hospital. Contrast-enhanced CT scan revealed bleeding from the pseudoaneurysm of the 6th intercostal artery. Embolization was performed by angiography to stop the bleeding. Conclusions We experienced a case of late-onset bleeding from a pseudoaneurysm related to soft coagulation hemostasis. Lessons learned from this patient are that additional hemostasis, such as ligation, would be considered for small arteries after hemostasis has been achieved by soft coagulation, especially when some degree of tissue carbonization is suspected.