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Background and Aims Given the lack of specific studies on floral development in melon (Cucumis melo L.), we carried out an extensive study involving morphological and transcriptomic analyses to characterize floral development in this species. Methods Using an andromonoecious line, we analysed the development of floral buds in male and hermaphrodite flowers with both light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Based on flower lengths, we established a correlation between the developmental stages and four main episodes of floral development and conducted an extensive RNA sequencing analysis of these episodes. Key Results We identified 12 stages of floral development, from the appearance of the floral meristems to anthesis. The main structural differences between male and hermaphrodite flowers appeared between stages 6 and 7; later stages of development leading to the formation of organs and structures in both types of flowers were also described. We analysed the gene expression patterns of the four episodes in flower development to find the genes that were specific to each given episode. Among others, we identified genes that defined the passage from one episode to the next according to the ABCDE model of floral development. Conclusions This work combines a detailed morphological analysis and a comprehensive transcriptomic study to enable characterization of the structural and molecular mechanisms that determine the floral development of an andromonoecious genotype in melon. Taken together, our results provide a first insight into gene regulation networks in melon floral development that are crucial for flowering and pollen formation, highlighting potential targets for genetic manipulation to improve crop yield of melon in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Our study assessed the budget impact and cost per responder of upadacitinib15mg and 30 mg for moderate to severe atopic dermatitis (MS-AD) treatment fromsocial security and private health sector perspective in Argentina., Methods: Abudget impact model was adapted to depict clinical and economic aspects oftreatment over a 5-years horizon time. Scenario analyses and deterministicsensitivity analyses were performed. A 16-weeks cost per responder model wasadapted based on a network meta-analysis. Primary analyses assessed the costper Eczema Area and Severity Index 50, 75 and 90 at week 16., Results: The inclusion of upadacitinib 15 mg and 30 mg in the biological treatment mix forMS-AD was associated with an average budget saving per-member per-month ofU$S0.062 (social security) and U$S0.064 (private sector). Percentage ofpatients with access to treatment, acquisition cost of upadacitinib 30 mg andprevalence of MS-AD were the most influential parameters in the budget impactresults. At week 16, upadacitinib 30 mg was associated with the lowest numberneeded to treat and the lowest cost per responder for all outcomes., Conclusion: The introduction of upadacitinib in MS-AD treatment was associated with modestsavings for the social security and private payer budget in Argentina.