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We present a new CO observation toward the Type Ia supernova remnant 3C 397 using the Nobeyama 45 m radio telescope at an unprecedented angular resolution of ∼18″. We newly found that the CO cloud at V LSR = 55.7–62.2 km s−1 (60 km s−1 cloud) shows a good spatial correspondence with the radio continuum shell. We also found an expanding gas motion of the 60 km s−1 cloud with an expansion velocity of ∼3 km s−1, which is thought to be formed by the pre- and/or postsupernova feedback. By considering the positions of Galactic spiral arms and the X-ray/H i absorption studies, we concluded that 3C 397 is physically associated with the 60 km s−1 cloud rather than the previously known CO cloud at V LSR ∼ 30 km s−1. Given that the previously measured preshock density is ∼2–5 cm−3, the expanding motion of the 60 km s−1 cloud was likely formed by the presupernova feedback known as optically thick wind. The scenario is consistent with the fact that 3C 397 exploded inside a wind-blown bubble as a single degenerate system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have an increased risk of adverse cardio-cerebrovascular events. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prognostic predictors over 5 years in patients with CKD including haemodialysis., Methods: In this multicenter, prospective cohort study performed with the Gunma-CKD SPECT Study protocol, 311 patients with CKD [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 min/ml/1.73 m2], including 50 patients on haemodialysis, undergoing stress Tc-99m-tetrofosmin SPECT for suspected ischaemic heart disease were followed for 5 years. MACCRE was evaluated, and summed stress score, summed rest score, summed difference score (SDS), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), end-systolic volume (LVESV) and ejection fraction (LVEF) were evaluated by electrocardiogram-gated SPECT., Results: Of the 311 patients, 268 were followed for 5 years, and of those patients, 126 experienced MACCRE: cardiac death, n = 15; sudden death, n = 5, nonfatal myocardial infarction, n = 5; hospitalization for heart failure, n = 16; cerebrovascular accident, n = 9; revascularization, n = 49; renal events (haemodialysis initiation/kidney transplantation), n = 20 and other cardiovascular events, n = 7. In univariate Cox analysis, eGFR (P < 0.0001), haemoglobin (P = 0.001), SDS (P = 0.0001), LVEDV (P = 0.002), LVESV (P = 0.0003) and LVEF (P < 0.0001) were associated with MACCRE, and in multivariate Cox analysis, eGFR (P = 0.014) and SDS (P = 0.002) were strongly associated with MACCRE. In Kaplan-Meier analysis, the event-free survival rate for MACCRE was better in patients with SDS below 3 than in those with SDS of 3 or higher (P < 0.0001, log-rank test) and in patients with eGFR of 18 or higher than in those with eGFR below 18 (P < 0.0001, log-rank test)., Conclusion: In patients with CKD, SDS and eGFR are reliable prognostic markers for the occurrence of MACCRE over 5 years., (Copyright © 2025 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background:  Fibrinolysis is spatiotemporally well-regulated and greatly influenced by activated platelets and coagulation activity. Our previous real-time imaging analyses revealed that clotting commences on activated platelet surfaces, resulting in uneven-density fibrin structures, and that fibrinolysis initiates in dense fibrin regions and extends to the periphery. Despite the widespread clinical use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), their impact on thrombin-dependent activation of thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) and fibrinolysis remains unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of different DOACs on the TAFI-mediated inhibition of fibrinolysis., Methods:  Using human platelet-containing plasma, we performed turbidimetric assays, thrombin generation assays, and confocal laser scanning microscopy to assess the effects of anticoagulants on fibrinolysis., Results and Conclusion:  Activated platelets-prolonged plasma clot lysis time, shortened by activated TAFI inhibitor (TAFIaI), positively correlated with the amount of thrombin generated. Rivaroxaban (an activated factor X inhibitor) and dabigatran (a direct thrombin inhibitor) dose-dependently shortened lysis time comparably. The highest concentration of DOACs showed no further shortening of lysis time with TAFIaI. The fibrin network structures initiated by activated platelets and the localization of fluorescently labeled plasminogen were unique for these two drugs. Rivaroxaban maintained an uneven fibrin network but promoted faster plasminogen accumulation and fibrinolysis from outside dense fibrin regions. Conversely, dabigatran resulted in a more even fibrin network, with fibrinolysis starting from the activated platelets and propagating to the periphery. Visualizing and analyzing the patterns of fibrin network formation, plasminogen accumulation, and fibrinolysis provide new insights into the specific impact of anticoagulants on coagulation and fibrinolysis., Competing Interests: None declared., (The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).)

Objectives: To evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of universal cements (UCs) to dentin prepared with different diamond burs using various adhesive strategies., Materials and Methods: One-hundred-twenty molars were prepared to expose the mid-coronal dentin. The teeth were divided into two groups according to diamond bur preparations: coarse and super-fine grit burs. The specimens were bonded to lithium disilicate discs using two UCs (RelyX Universal, RXU and Panavia SA Luting Multi, PSA) with different adhesive strategies (self-adhesive, SA; self-etch, SE and etch-and-rinse, ER). SBS was measured using a universal testing machine. The cement-dentin interfaces were observed using scanning electron microscopy., Results: Dentin SBS was significantly influenced by the adhesive strategies and the type of UCs (p < 0.05) but not for the different diamond bur preparations (p > 0.05). UCs used with ER had significantly higher SBS values than UCs used in SA mode (P < 0.05), except for PSA with super-fine diamond bur. RXU in SE mode exhibited significantly higher SBS than SA mode (P < 0.05). Regarding UCs, RXU showed a higher SBS than PSA, particularly in the SE modes when the dentin was prepared with a coarse diamond bur (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: The use of UCs combined with universal adhesives exhibited higher dentin bonding performance compared with the use of UCs alone., Clinical Significance: The etch-and-rinse mode combined with a universal adhesive is recommended to achieve the highest dentin bond strength of universal cements., Competing Interests: Declarations. Ethical approval: All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with the principles of Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Institutional Ethic Committee (MU-DT/PY- IRB No.2023/060.2612). Informed consent: Not applicable. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests., (© 2024. The Author(s).)