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Low quality feeds are an impediment to sustainable fish farming in East Africa. Low quality feeds affect fish growth, pollute the aquatic ecosystem, escalate conflicts among competing water resource users, and affect enterprise sustainability. We investigated the physical and nutrient attributes, and the aflatoxin levels of selected fish feeds in E. Africa. The actual crude protein and crude lipid of the feeds deviated from the package quoted values by −20 to 7% and −5.5 to 9.6%, respectively. All feeds were inadequate in essential minerals, and their aflatoxin levels were low (range: 8.71 ± 0.52 to 71.90 ± 0.59 µg/kg). We highlight the potential effects of using low-quality feeds on the fed fish, aquatic ecosystem, and aquaculture sustainability in East Africa. To ensure a healthy aquatic environment with reduced resource-use conflicts and sustainable fish farming, ambitious policy reviews are recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the impact of sludge manure adoption on household farm production, focusing on matooke (bananas), maize, beans, sweet potatoes, coffee and cassava. We employ a propensity score matching methodology and estimate the average treatment effect on the treated (ATT), and we report the results from the nearest neighbor algorithm and test for robustness using the kernel algorithm. The study uses household survey data collected from the central districts of Uganda between January and February 2023. Our key findings indicate increased and significant yields of bananas, maize, coffee and cassava. These results are similar to those of different estimation algorithms. From a policy perspective, our results suggest that the design of agricultural productivity enhancing programmes, especially for farm households, requires leveraging organic technologies to promote agricultural production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]