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The IA-DUET study aimed to compare azole-echinocandin combination therapy with azole monotherapy for invasive aspergillosis. Recruitment was hindered by patient ineligibility, competing studies, and guidelines favoring combination therapy when azole resistance was unknown. The low IA-attributable mortality suggests future trials may benefit from cluster randomization or composite endpoints to enhance efficiency., Competing Interests: Potential conflicts of interest. S. H. received travel support from Gilead Sciences and payment for teaching activities from Gilead Sciences and Pfizer. R. A. received research grants from the Flemish Cancer Society (Kom Op Tegen Kanker), Gilead Sciences, and Pfizer; payment for teaching activities from Gilead Sciences and Pfizer (all paid to the institution); and travel support from Gilead Sciences and Pfizer. K. L. received consultancy fees from MRM Health and Mundipharma; speaker fees from Pfizer, Gilead, and FUJIFILM Wako chemicals Europe GmbH; a service fee from Thermo Fisher Scientific and TECOmedical; and a fee for advisory board participation from MSD and Pfizer. I. M. received a travel grant from the European Hematology Association. M. H. received a research grant from EU-RESPONSE; payment for teaching activities from Gilead Sciences, MSD, GSK, and INSMED, and travel support from Pfizer, Gilead Sciences, and MSD, all paid to the institution; participated on the advisory board of the DisCoVeRy Trial; and is the president of the Belgian Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology. A. S. received speaker's fees from Gilead Sciences, Pierre Fabre, and AbbVie; received support for attending meetings or travel from Gilead Sciences and AstraZeneca; and participated on the advisory boards of Merck, Sobi, and MaaT Pharma. J. M. received consulting fees, payment for lectures, and travel support from Gilead Sciences, Mundipharma, Astellas, Pfizer, Takeda, and F2G; and participated in advisory boards from Gilead Sciences, Mundipharma, Astellas, Pfizer, Takeda, and F2G. B. R. received research grants from Gilead Sciences; received consulting fees from F2G Ltd; was paid for teaching activities by Gilead Sciences; and was a member of advisory boards for Pfizer, Gilead Sciences, and F2G Ltd. All other authors report no potential conflicts of interest. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.)

Haematopoietic stem cell collection from paediatric donors is a common and life-saving practice, as evidenced by the fact that there is a growing annual number of cases of transplants from minor donors among SFGM-TC centers over the last decade. Still, medical use of human tissue from a healthy and underage donor requires proper regulations and medical management. The guidelines below aim at underlining the importance of pondering the legal, medical and ethical aspects of using stem cells from healthy paediatric donors and stress out the importance of obtaining informed consent at the time of assessing HLA compatibility. Combined medical and psychological assessments are required before the donation, as well as one month later and one year later to ensure of the child's physical and mental wellbeing. Bone marrow harvest under general anaesthetics remains the preferred method of collection for children. Peripheral blood stem cell collection should only be considered for children who will not require a central venous access for collection. We aim at offering guidelines centered on the healthy child donating stem cells and his/her wellbeing, and these should be regularly reviewed as medical practices evolve., (Copyright © 2024 Société Française du Cancer. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)